新型噻唑并三嗪类化合物R001抑制ERK1/2磷酸化的抗肿瘤作用

目的:探讨噻唑并三嗪类化合物R001对ERK1/2磷酸化的影响及其抗肿瘤活性.方法:采用基于U2OS-EGFP细胞的荧光分析法和MTT法检测化合物R001对U2OS-EGFP-4F12G和U2OS、T47D、SKOV3、MCF7等其他肿瘤细胞增殖的影响;采用电子显微镜观察化合物R001对MCF7、T47D、U2OS-EGFP-4F12G和SKOV3等多种肿瘤细胞株增殖的抑制作用;采用流式细胞术检测化合物R001对MCF7、U2OS-EGFP-4F12G和SKOV3等多种肿瘤细胞周期的影响;采用免疫印迹法检测检测化合物R001对ERK1/2磷酸化的影响.结果:基于U2OS-EGFP细胞的荧光分析法显示,化合物R001抑制U2OS-EGFP-4F12G细胞增殖的IC50值为11.58 μM;MTT法显示,化合物R001对U2OS、T47D、SKOV3、MCF7等多种肿瘤细胞增殖的影响具有剂量依赖性;电子显微镜观察显示,化合物R001可以引起MCF7、SKOV3和U2OS-EGFP-4F12G三种肿瘤细胞的数量和形态变化;流式细胞术显示,化合物R001可将MCF7、U2OS-EGF-4F12G和SKOV3等肿瘤细胞阻断在S期;免疫印迹试验显示,化合物R001可以有效抑制SKOV3和U2OS细胞中ERK1/2的磷酸化.结论:噻唑并三嗪类化合物R001通过抑制ERK1/2磷酸化而发挥抗肿瘤作用.     

LRP16对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的影响

用Northern印迹方法检测雌二醇 (17β E2 )对LRP16mRNA表达的时间及剂量依赖性调控作用 .构建LRP16基因启动子序列调控的萤光素酶报告子 (pS0 ) ,并与雌激素受体α和 β(ERα和ERβ)表达载体共转染COS 7和MCF 7细胞后测定萤光素酶活性 .将LRP16基因的表达载体转染MCF 7细胞 ,测定过表达LRP16对细胞的生长特性的影响 .17β E2 使MCF 7细胞中LRP16mRNA表达水平增加 ,增加幅度未显示出 17β E2 培养时间和剂量的依赖性 .pS0 与ERα表达载体共转染细胞的相对萤光素酶活性较非共转染组 (对照组 )及pS0 ERβ表载体共转染组升高 5～ 10倍 .LRP16基因过表达促进MCF 7细胞的增殖 .研究表明 ,雌激素可能通过ERα上调乳腺癌MCF 7细胞LRP16基因的表达并促进细胞增殖     

经脂多糖(LPS)处理免疫应答大鼠离体脑片视上核神经元对细胞因子敏感性的变化

实验采用离体脑片全细胞膜片箝记录方法 ,观察了细胞因子白介素 1β(IL 1β)和IL 2对大鼠离体脑片视上核神经元膜电位及自发放电的影响 ,以期探明免疫应答大鼠视上核神经元对细胞因子敏感性的变化。结果显示 ,用 10 0U/mlIL 1β灌流脑片 ,正常对照的 (n =15 )和脂多糖 (lipopolysaccharideLPS)腹腔注射 9d的大鼠视上核神经元 (n =2 0 )超极化 ,同时伴有自发放电频率的下降 ;应用 10 0U/mlIL 2 ,大部分正常对照视上核神经元 (n =14)表现为超极化 ,自发放电减少 ,剩余部分 (n =3)变化不明显 ;在LPS免疫 9d大鼠离体脑片上的 45个视上核神经元中 ,10 0U/ml的IL 2使其中 19个表现为去极化并伴有自发放电频率增加 ,16个变化不明显 ,其余 10个表现为超极化伴放电频率下降。以上结果表明 ,在免疫应答中 ,视上核神经元对细胞因子IL 2的敏感性 ,在一定的程度上发生了改变 ,细胞因子IL 2可能参与了视上核神经元的功能调节 ,进而在免疫应答过程中发挥了调节作用。     

IL-1β和Glu联合应用对体外培养的新生大鼠大脑皮质星形胶质细胞周期的影响

目的研究IL-1β(interleukin-1 beta) 单独应用及与谷氨酸(Gluamate,Glu)联合应用对体外纯化培养的大鼠大脑皮质星形胶质细胞细胞周期的影响.方法将纯化培养的星形胶质细胞血清剥夺培养24 h后,(1)加入不同浓度(0、10、100、1000 U/ml)的IL-1β;(2)加入浓度100U/ml的IL-1β分别作用24、48、72 h;(3)加入浓度100U/ml IL-1β 1mmol/L Glu分别作用24、48、72 h; 采用流式细胞术观察星形胶质细胞周期的变化.结果 (1)不同浓度的IL-1β可使星形胶质细胞S和G2/M期的细胞指数较对照组增高,在一定范围内随着IL-1β浓度的增加,星形胶质细胞的增殖更明显,同一浓度的IL-1β其作用随着时间的延长而逐渐衰减,(2)IL-1β与Glu联合应用较IL-1β单独应用星形胶质细胞的增殖更明显.结论 IL-1β激活星形胶质细胞,并启动细胞周期进程,促使星形胶质细胞增殖;IL-1β与Glu在诱导星形胶质细胞增殖时有一定的协同作用.     

融合蛋白pIL6-IL2在E.coli中的表达及活性鉴定

白细胞介素 2 (interleukin 2 ,IL-2 )与白细胞介素 6(interleukin 6,IL-6)能分别刺激T淋巴细胞增殖与B淋巴细胞分泌免疫球蛋白 ,从而促进动物机体的细胞免疫与体液免疫 ;另外IL2与IL6在发挥生物学活性时还有相互协同作用。因此 ,将去除信号肽的猪白细胞介素 6(pIL-6)与猪白细胞介素 2 (pIL-2 )cDNAs序列通过一段Linker相连 ,克隆到E .coli表达载体pPET-2 8a中。该融合蛋白IL6-IL2在E .coli表达菌BL2 1 (DE3)中获得成功表达 ,SDS-PAGE分析分子量约为40kDa ,表达量达到总菌体的 66.26%。用IL6依赖的B9细胞与IL2依赖的CTLL细胞增殖试验进行融合蛋白IL6 IL2的生物活性检测 ,其活性可分别达到 0.8× 10³U /mg和 6.4× 10³ U/mg。     

小干扰RNA抑制LRP16基因表达限制了MCF-7乳腺癌细胞增殖

雌激素雌二醇上调人乳腺癌细胞MCF 7中LRP16基因表达 ,该基因过表达促进MCF 7细胞增殖 .为进一步探讨LRP16基因不同表达水平对MCF 7细胞增殖的影响以及对雌激素的反应性增殖能力 ,采用针对LRP16基因特异的小干扰RNA策略 ,通过逆转录病毒介导及抗性筛选构建了LRP16基因被稳定抑制的 2个MCF 7细胞系 ,针对绿色荧光蛋白的干扰序列作为阴性对照 .Northern印迹实验检测了LRP16基因在各个细胞株中mNRA的水平 ,与对照组细胞比较 ,针对LRP16基因不同位置的 2个小干扰RNA可分别将该基因抑制 90 %和 6 0 % .细胞增殖试验结果显示 ,MCF 7细胞中LRP16基因表达抑制率越高 ,细胞增殖速率减慢越显著 (P <0 0 5 ) ;软琼脂集落形成试验结果显示 ,抑制LRP16基因在MCF 7细胞中表达 ,限制了细胞锚定非依赖性生长 ;细胞周期分析结果表明 ,LRP16基因抑表达使MCF 7细胞G1 S周期转换受抑 ;Western印迹结果表明 ,LRP16基因表达抑制的细胞中细胞周期蛋白E及细胞周期蛋白D1蛋白水平显著下调 ,但未检测到P5 3及Rb蛋白表达水平的影响 .雌二醇刺激的增殖实验结果显示 ,抑制LRP16基因表达没有消除MCF 7细胞的反应性增殖特征 .上述结果表明 ,LRP16基因表达量与MCF 7细胞增殖能力密切相关 ,抑制其表达可有效限制MCF 7细胞的增殖能力 ,提     

IL-2与IL-7基因对犬细小病毒VP2 DNA疫苗在小鼠的免疫增强作用

[目的]探讨犬白细胞介素-2(cIL-2)与犬IL-7(cIL-7)基因对犬细小病毒(CPV) VP2蛋白DNA疫苗免疫增强的协同作用.[方法]利用含内部核蛋白体进入位点( IRES)的真核表达载体构建cIL-2和cIL-7双基因表达载体.然后利用本实验室构建的CPV VP2、cIL-2和cIL-7表达载体及本文构建的双基因表达载体,以不同组合对小鼠进行免疫,即VP2单免疫,VP2+cIL-2、VP2+cIL-7和VP2+cIL-2/cIL-7共免疫.通过ELISA方法检测免疫后不同时间小鼠血清VP2的抗体水平,并分析中和抗体的效价,通过细胞增殖实验检测免疫后小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖反应,并用ELISA方法测定小鼠淋巴细胞γ干扰素的表达水平.[结果]本实验构建的双基因表达载体结构正确,并能够介导cIL-2与cIL-7基因在真核细胞中进行同步分泌表达.小鼠免疫结果表明,VP2+cIL-2/cIL-7共免疫组小鼠血清的抗体滴度和中和抗体效价均显著高于VP2 +cIL-2和VP2+cIL-7共免疫组(P＜0.05).VP2+cIL-2/cIL-7共免疫组小鼠的淋巴细胞刺激指数比其它免疫组略有升高但尚未达到显著水平,然而γ干扰素的表达水平显著高于其它免疫组(P＜0.05).[结论]cIL-2和cIL-7基因对CPV VP2 DNA疫苗免疫原性的增强作用具有明显的协同效应.     

bcl-2对IL-1和TNFα表达的调节作用初探

通过将反义bcl-2基因转染于U937细胞,建立了Bcl-2蛋白表达受抑的U937细胞模型,证实了模型细胞的增殖和存活表型无明显变化.放线菌素D-结晶紫试验和ELISA检测表明模型细胞上清中TNFα的活性和含量无明显变化,小鼠胸腺细胞增殖试验表明模型细胞上清中IL-1活性升高,提示bcl-2的表达对TNFα的表达无明显影响,但可能在一定程度上抑制了IL-1的表达或活性.探讨bcl-2对细胞因子表达的调节作用,为其作用机制的研究积累了有益资料.     

白细胞介素12受体的研究进展

IL－12受（IL－12R）主要分布在外周血单个核心细胞上,由β1和β2两条链组成,二者均属于GP130相关的细胞因子受体超家族。目前已克隆出入和鼠的IL－12R。由IL－12R介导的IL－12的信号传导涉及了JAK／STAT途径中TYK2、JAK2、STAT3及STAT4的酪氨酸磷酸化。     

IL-1β对星形胶质细胞的激活作用

目的研究IL-1β对体外原代培养的星形胶质细胞中的激活及增殖作用,并探讨IL-1β对星形胶质细胞细胞周期的影响.方法将单层培养于盖玻片上的纯化的星形胶质细胞分为4组,分别采取血清培养和血清剥夺培养,加入不同浓度IL-1β,其浓度依次为0ng/ml、1ng/ml、10ng/ml、100ng/ml,作用24小时.采用免疫细胞化学观察GFAP和PCNA的表达.并且采用流式细胞术观察其对星形胶质细胞周期的影响.结果血清培养时不同浓度IL-1β组的星形胶质细胞GFAP表达和细胞指数无明显改变,PCNA表达较对照组明显增强,但是1ng/ml和10ng/ml IL-1β时星形胶质细胞PCNA表达无明显变化.而血清剥夺时不同浓度IL-1β组的星形胶质细胞GFAP和PCNA表达较对照组明显增强,S和G2/M期的细胞指数较对照组增多.结论 IL-1β激活星形胶质细胞,上调GFAP和PCNA的表达,并启动细胞周期进程,促使星形胶质细胞进入增殖周期.这对中枢神经系统损伤和疾病时反应性胶质增生及胶质瘢痕的形成机制起着重要作用.     

The promotive effect of interleukin 4 with interleukin 2 in the proliferation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with malignant tumor

In adoptive immunotherapy, the number of effector cells is one of the major factors relating to the therapeutic efficacy. We demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were stimulated to proliferate by incubation with interleukin 2 (IL-2) plus interleukin 4 (IL-4). TILs cultured with IL-2 plus IL-4 increased 3.1-fold more than TILs cultured with IL-2 alone. However, IL-4 did not alter the cytotoxic activity of TILs against autologous tumor cells and established tumor cell lines. It is suggested that IL-2 receptor is related to the mechanism of the proliferation of activated TILs cultured by combination with IL-2 and IL-4. Thus, the combination of IL-2 and IL-4 may increase the efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy using activated TILs.     

Distinctions in lymphocyte responses to IL-2 and IL-15 reflect differential ligand binding interactions with the IL-2Rbeta chain and suggest differential roles for the IL-2Ralpha and IL-15Ralpha subunits

More interleukin 15 (IL-15) than IL-2 was needed to generate comparable proliferative responses by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) blasts and Tf-1beta cells expressing high affinity and intermediate affinity IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) complexes, respectively. The focus of these experiments was to determine the contribution of the shared IL-2 and IL-15 receptor components to these dose-response differences. Some of this difference can be attributed to the role of the IL-2Rbeta chain, in that HuMikbeta1, a monoclonal antibody recognizing the IL-2Rbeta chain, blocks 92.2+/-2.5% (mean+/-SE) of the IL-2 proliferative response by Tf-1beta cells but only inhibits 57.9+/-3.7% of the IL-15 response, indicating that IL-2 and IL-15 may physically utilize the IL-2Rbeta chain differently. Monoclonal antibody 341, which recognizes IL-2Rbeta but does not inhibit IL-2 binding to the IL-2Rbeta chain, blocks 35.4+/-2.3% of IL-15-stimulated proliferation of PHA blasts, while not affecting the IL-2-stimulated proliferation. Finally, although HuMikbeta1 does not inhibit IL-2 responses by PHA blasts bearing high affinity IL-2 receptors, HuMikbeta1 does block IL-15-stimulated proliferation by these same cells bearing high affinity IL-15 receptors (88.5+/-1.6% inhibition). This indicates that the role of IL-15Ralpha in the high affinity IL-15R complex is distinct from that of IL-2Ralpha in the high affinity IL-2R complex. Overall, these studies show that the physical interactions of the IL-2Rbetagammac complex with IL-2 are different than the interactions with IL-15.     

Modulation of interleukin 2 high-affinity binding by lymphocyte-derived tetrahydrobiopterin: pterins as potential participants in the control of interleukin 2 receptor assembly

In this report, we have examined whether (6R)-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4biopterin) modulates the binding of interleukin 2 to high-affinity sites of the cloned mouse cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clone CTLL-2. Scatchard plot analysis of the equilibrium binding data reveals increased affinity when the cells are exposed simultaneously to interleukin 2 and to the pterin. The Kd values are statistically significantly reduced from 1.4 x 10(-11) M to 0.78 x 10(-11) M interleukin 2. The dissociation kinetics of the ligand were followed at 4 degrees C after equilibrium binding under high-affinity conditions (1.2 x 10(-10) M interleukin 2). In the presence of H4 biopterin, the dissociation rate constant (k-1) decreases from 6.2 x 10(-3) min-1 to 3.0 x 10(-3) min-1 and the half-time for dissociation increases from 106.8 min to 218.0 min. As a third approach interleukin 2 was bound to the surface of cells under high-affinity conditions by incubation in the cold and the internalization kinetics upon warming were determined. Sigmoidal-shaped kinetics of endocytosis in control cells indicate that the internalization rates increase only gradually. The presence of H4 biopterin causes an apparent immediate transition from higher-order kinetics to a linear response so that maximum internalization rates are reached immediately upon warming. The data show that lymphocyte-derived H4 biopterin in vitro at concentrations ranging from 2-8 x 10(-7) M modulates interleukin 2 high-affinity binding and that H4 biopterin potentially participates in the control of interleukin 2 receptor assembly.     

白细胞介素-2对心脏节律的作用及其机制的研究

目的：探讨白细胞介素－2（1L－2）对心脏节律作用及其可能机制。方法：采用体外培养乳鼠心肌细胞模型和离体人鼠灌流心脏模型,观察培养的心肌细胞搏动频率和离体心脏心率及节律。结果：①2.5-200u/ml的IL－2呈浓度依赖性地降低心肌细胞的搏动频率。②50u/ml的IL-2明显增加离体心脏心率和室性早搏个数。③propranolol预处理可取消50u/mlIL-2的离体心脏作用。④热失活IL－2对培养的心肌细胞搏动频率和离体心脏心率和心律都无显著作用。结论：IL－2可直接制培养心肌自律性,其对离体心脏的正性变时和致心律失常作用可能由内源性作茶酚胺介导。     

Interleukin 4 drives phytohemagglutinin-activated T cells through several cell cycles: No synergism between interleukin 2 and interleukin 4

Cell kinetic studies of T cells stimulated with the interleukin 2 (Il-2), Il-4, or both lymphokines were performed with conventional [3H]thymidine incorporation and with the bivariate BrdU/Hoechst technique. Il-2 and Il-4 are able to drive phytohemagglutinin-activated T cells through more than one cell cycle. Neither synergistic nor inhibitory effect on T-cell proliferation was seen for the stimulation with both Il-2 and Il-4 as compared with the effect of Il-2 alone. The quantitative data of the cell cycle distribution of phytohemagglutinin-activated T cells suggest that the population of Il-4-responsive cells is at least an overlapping population, if not a real subset of the population of the Il-2-responsive cells.     

The lymphatic route. VIII. Distribution and plasma clearance of recombinant human interleukin-2 after SC administration with albumin in patients

It has been postulated that favouring the absorption of interleukin-2 via lymphatics rather than venous capillaries after subcutaneous adminstration may improve its therapeutic index. We have now evaluated in 12 cancer patients the plasma pharmacokinetic of interleukin-2 either dissolved in water or in 20% albumin solution with an internal cross-over after at least three days. Our data show that when albumin is present, the plasma concentrations of interleukin-2 versus time is increased and swelling at the injection sites is reduced. It remains to be seen whether efficacy improves during a prolonged treatment.Abbreviations AUC Area Under Plasma Curve - BRM Biological Response Modifiers - IFN Interferon - IL-2 Interleukin-2 - IV Intravenous - SC Subcutaneous - MU Megaunit     

一种高纯度,无SDS的重组人白细胞介素2制备方法

由Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ表达的重组白细胞介素２（ｒＩＬ－２）以包含体形式存在于工程菌胞浆中,经超声破碎等步骤处理提取包合体,用盐酸胍（ＧｕＨＣｌ）将其溶解后经ＳｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌＳ－２００分子筛提纯,复性后再用单克隆抗体柱进行亲和层析纯化,结果可使ｒＩＬ－２纯度达９９％以上,平均比活性为１．０×１０７Ｕ／ｍｇ蛋白左右,产品不含ＳＤＳ,残余鼠ＩｇＧ含量测定符合生物制品规程要求。     

Identity of common phosphoprotein substrates stimulated by interleukin 2 and diacylglycerol suggests a role of protein kinase C for IL 2 signal transduction

Interleukin 2 (IL 2) is a polypeptide growth factor essential for the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, large granulocytic lymphocytes, and, potentially, cells of the antibody-producing lineage, B lymphocytes. Many of the biological properties of IL 2 may be mimicked or potentiated by a potent class of tumor promoters, phorbol esters. Phorbol esters have recently been shown to associate with and activate a unique phospholipid/Ca2+-dependent phosphotransferase, protein kinase C (PK-C). Utilizing two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we have compared the IL 2 and diacylglycerol-induced protein phosphorylation patterns of several IL 2-dependent murine cell lines. Both IL 2 and synthetic diacylglycerol, 1-oleyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG), stimulated phosphorylation of a number of protein substrates in intact cells compared to unstimulated controls. Three groups of substrates were identified; the first showed increased phosphorylation following stimulation with either IL 2 or OAG, while the second and third groups showed increased phosphorylation following stimulation with IL 2 but not OAG, and with OAG but not IL 2, respectively. Here, we characterize the kinetics of phosphorylation of one cellular substrate, p68, which appears to be phosphorylated in response to direct activators of PK-C or lymphoid or myeloid growth factors in their respective lineage cell lines. The observation that IL 2 also stimulates a unique series of phosphoproteins in addition to those induced by direct PK-C activators suggests that IL 2 may initiate additional protein kinase activities, unrelated to PK-C, which may also be critical for the ligand-receptor signal transduction process regulating growth and gene expression.     

The mediating role of cPLA2 in IL-1 beta and IL-6 release in LPS-induced HeLa cells

Studies were conducted to characterize a HeLa cell model by which the roles of the 85-kDa phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release could be evaluated. At first, untreated HeLa cells were compared with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated HeLa cells. The latter resulted in cPLA2 overexpression and an increased trend of IL-1 beta and IL-6 release. The indicated doses of 85-kDa cPLA2 antisense oligonucleotide directed against the initiation site were then used to block cPLA2 in LPS-induced HeLa cells. The process led to a dose-dependent decrease in cPLA2 protein with no noticeable change of cPLA2 mRNA. Compared with that of LPS added only, a reduction of IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels in the supernatants of transfected cells following the repression of cPLA2 was observed. These results suggested that 85-kDa cPLA2 may mediate the signalling cascades by which IL-1 beta and IL-6 were released in LPS-induced HeLa cells.     

促炎因子在心脏修复中的作用

肿 瘤 坏死 因 子 TN F)、白介 素 -1(IL-1)、白 介 素 -2(IL-2)以 及 白介 素 -6(IL-6)等 分子 ,叫 作 促 炎细 胞 因 (子 .一 般 认为 它 们不 属于 免 疫系 统,而 只是 与 组织 炎症 的起 始 有关 .促 炎因 子在 心 脏中 也 有表 达,它 的短 期表 达可 以 帮助 心 脏适 应外 界 压力 的损 伤 ,而其 长期 的 表达 却会 引 起明 显的 心 脏代 谢失 常 .主要 就 促炎 因子 在心 脏中 的 作用 作 一综 述 .