孕酮对家猫肝金属硫蛋白的诱导

胰高血糖素、血管紧张素、糖皮质激素均可诱导鼠、兔肝肾等器官金属硫蛋白（ｍｅｔａｌｏｔｈｉｏｎｅｉｎ,ＭＴ）的合成。兔在怀孕早期ＭＴ对从母体转移Ｚｎ至兔胎儿起调节作用。孕酮是家猫妊娠过程中的主要激素,它是否对肝ＭＴ有诱导作用,研究这一课题有助于阐明孕激...     

金属硫蛋白与肿瘤

近年来的研究发现,一些肿瘤组织的金属硫蛋白含量增加。致癌过程中ＭＴ的写表达与致癌素作用,癌基因激活和肿瘤迅速生长有关。ＭＴ的加旺表达也是细胞产生耐药的机制之一天肿瘤预防和治疗中,ＭＴ可保护细胞低抗重金属和烷化剂的致癌,致突变作用,ＭＴ还可用于肿瘤临床辅助治疗和用作肿瘤标志物。     

力竭性游泳对大鼠睾丸金属结合蛋白的诱导及其与睾酮和锌…

本研究通过观察大鼠力竭性游泳后睾丸金属结合蛋白（ＴＭＢＰ）、睾酮和锌含量的动态变化,探讨ＴＭＢＰ的被诱导性、诱导特点以及与睾酮合成和锌代谢的关系。结果显示：大鼠力竭性游泳后,ＴＭＢＰ呈一过性升高,峰值在游泳后６ｈ处,达安静时４ １６倍;游后１２ｈ已降回原有水平。这表明ＴＭＢＰ可被力竭性游泳所诱导,并减期不至６ｈ。ＴＭＢＰ诱导性的发现对认识ＴＭＢＰ的功能具有重要的意义。大鼠睾丸酮在力竭性游泳后即刻急     

金属硫蛋白

金属硫蛋白为一类广泛地存在于生物界的低分子量、富含半胱氨酸的金属结合蛋白,尤其对Cd,Zn,Cu和Au,Ag等有较强的亲和力。它是一种诱导合成的蛋白质,在体内能被金属和糖皮质激素等所诱导。它具有广泛的生物学功能,主要是参与微量元素的储存、运输和代谢,拮抗电离辐射,清除羟基自由基和重金属解毒等多种作用。某些微量元素缺乏症等疾病也与它有一定关系。今后在某些疾病的治疗、环保中清除有毒金属以及采矿、富集贵重金属等方面有着广泛的应用前景。     

金属硫蛋白的生物学特性及生理作用

金属硫蛋白的生物学特性及生理作用朱赓伯（苏州医学院生化教研室,苏州２１５００７）关键词金属硫蛋白金属硫蛋白又名金属硫组氨酸甲基内盐（ｍｅｔａｌｌｏｔｈｉｏｎｅｉｎｓ,ＭＴ）。三十年前美国哈佛大学的Ｂ．Ｌ．Ｖａｌｌｅｅ首次在马的肾脏中发现Ｃｄ－ＭＴ和Ｚ...     

镱和铕诱导金属硫蛋白生成的初步研究

本文研究了不同剂量的稀土元素镱和铕,通过皮下注射对兔肝中金属硫蛋白生成的影响。用Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ５０柱对兔肝提取液进行分离,收集的组分用紫外分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法和ＥＬＩＳＡ法进行分析。实验结果表明,低剂量（１－３ｐｐｍ）的镱和铕不能明显地诱导兔肝内金属硫蛋白的合成,而高剂量（１０－４０ｐｐｍ）的镱和铕可以诱导兔肝金属硫蛋白合成。     

金属硫蛋白的生理功能及其研究进展

金属硫蛋白的生理功能及其研究进展赵京山尹桂山（河北医科大学生化教研室，石家庄０５００１７）关键词金属硫蛋白生理功能检测方法１９５７年Ｍａｇｏｓｈｅ和Ｖａｌｅｅ在马的肾脏中发现一种富含Ｃｄ、Ｚｎ和半胱氨酸的低分子量蛋白质，随后Ｋａｇｌ和Ｖａｌｅｅ将其提...     

昆虫雄性附腺功能蛋白研究进展

昆虫雄性附腺蛋白是精液蛋白的主要来源,对雌雄虫生殖过程具有重要生理功能,按功能可分为精包结构蛋白和功能蛋白两类。精包结构蛋白参与精包的形成;功能蛋白在交配过程中随精子一起转移到雌虫体内,导致雌虫行为和生理的深刻变化,如降低雌虫再交配率、提高产卵量、促进精子转移、储存和竞争等。随着对昆虫雄性附腺功能蛋白研究的深入,特别对果蝇附腺功能蛋白的详细研究,从分子水平上阐述蛋白质序列与功能的关系,明确其作用机制,可为进一步阐明昆虫生殖和进化机制等提供新依据。     

Localization of metallothionein in the genital organs of the male rat

We studied the immunohistological localization of metallothionein (MT), a low molecular weight metal binding protein, in male rat genital organs (testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle, coagulating gland, and prostate) by use of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. MT concentrations in testis, seminal vesicle, and prostate ranged from 15-30 micrograms/g tissue. In testis, seminiferous tubules with mature spermatozoa exhibited weak MT staining, whereas the tubules containing differentiating spermatogenic cells but not containing spermatozoa showed strong MT staining. No MT immunostaining was observed in Leydig cells. In growing rat testes, the pattern of MT immunostaining was found to change with development: MT was found in supporting cells only on Day 7, spermatogonia adjacent to basement membrane on Day 14, and spermatocytes localized in the central part of the tubules on Day 21. Strong MT immunostaining in the basal cells was a common feature in other genital tissues, except the ductus efferentes. In prostate, the strongest MT staining was found in the lateral lobe, and MT was localized in apocrine secretions in the dorsal lobe. The present results suggest a close association of MT with cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as possible involvement of MT in supply or storage of zinc ions.     

The female genital system of Ooperipatellus decoratus (Onychophora, Peripatopsidae): an ultrastructural study

The female genital system of the oviparous peripatopsid Ooperipatellus decoratus consists of an ovary, oviducts equipped with receptacula seminis and additional pouches, uteri, and a vagina. It is examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The ovary is made up of paired ovarian tubes united anteriorly and posteriorly and differentiated into a sterile dorsal part and a fertile ventral part with exogenous oocytes. Fertilization presumably occurs in the oviducts once the oocytes pass the receptaculum seminis. Although the receptacula seminis have been reported to occur in juvenile O. decoratus females only, the present study reveals that they are present in adult females as well. Their wall consists of a cuboidal epithelium covered with a thin collagen-muscle layer. The additional pouches are projections of the oviducts facing the receptacula seminis. They are distally closed to the haemocoel by a flattened epithelium and lack external muscle cells. A thin collagen layer is only found proximally. The uteri are characterized by a columnar epithelium with folded cell membranes allowing extension of the uteri, thus facilitating the passage of the large uterine eggs towards the vagina. Another dominating feature of the uteri is a distally increasing secretory production, which probably contributes to chorion development. Cilia occurring along the entire length of the uteri are considered to assist in the transport of eggs towards the vagina.     

桑天牛雄性附腺内容物组分分析

测定桑天牛Apriona germaric(Hope)雄性附腺内容物中各组分含量及变化情况。结果表明,内容物中可溶性蛋白占总腺管鲜重的8.39%;总糖占总鲜重的4.21%;海藻糖和游离氨基酸分别占总鲜重的0.50%、0.25%。随虫龄的增大,内容物中各组分含量不断降低。交配过程中,雄性附腺内容物部分转移到雌虫,交配后附腺内容物中总糖、海藻糖、游离氨基酸等组分含量均降低,蛋白质组分含量先升高再降低,48h即恢复可到交配前水平。大、小附腺内各组分含量变化有差异。     

Eicosanoids: their biosynthesis in accessory sex organs of Lymnaea stagnalis (L.)

Summary

High performance liquid chromatography has been used to identify the eicosanoids produced from radiolabelled arachidonic acid by accessory sex organs of Lymnaea stagnalis. Radiolabelled compounds co-eluting with the primary prostaglandins normally associated with invertebrates were present, together with two eicosanoids known to occur in vertebrates. These results lend support to the suggestion of van Duivenboden (Int. J. Invertebr. Reprod., 6 (1983) 249–257) that prostaglandins (PGs) are involved in accelerating the onset of egg laying in female copulants of this species. The inability of indomethacin and aspirin to completely inhibit PG biosynthesis in L. stagnalis suggests that the PG synthetase of this snail differs from that of mammals and most other invertebrates.     

棕尾别麻蝇雄性附腺分泌物的生理功能

棕尾别麻蝇Boettcherisca peregrina Robinean-Desvoidy雄性附腺的分泌物中包含许多生物活性分子,将成熟的雄性附腺分泌物注射到未交配的雌虫体内,发现其能影响雌虫生殖活性的很多方面:如降低雌虫的再次交配率;增加卵巢内的含卵量;缩短交配后雌虫的寿命。另外,还证明附腺分泌物中存在有可抑制革兰氏阳性菌的物质的存在。     

烟夜蛾雄蛾性附腺因子对雌蛾性信 息素合成的抑制作用

烟夜蛾Helicoverpa assulta处女蛾在交配后1 h,其性信息素滴度即显著降低,72 h内未见恢复。生测结果表明,烟夜蛾性信息素合成抑制因子主要来源于雄蛾性附腺。不同日龄雄蛾性附腺提取物的抑制活性无显著差异。光暗期对其活性具显著影响,暗期中雄蛾的性附腺物质对雌蛾性信息素合成具有较强抑制作用,而光期中雄蛾的性附腺物质不具抑制活性。在暗期的不同时间处理,对处女蛾性信息素合成的抑制作用无显著差异。雄蛾性附腺提取物对雌蛾性信息素合成的抑制作用与注射剂量有明显的相关性,0.2 ME（雄蛾当量）是产生显著抑制作用的最小剂量。对交配雌蛾注射性信息素生物合成激活神经肽（PBAN）提取物后,其性信息素合成又可恢复,这说明雌蛾交配后,性信息素滴度降低的原因是由于缺少了PBAN的调控。     

蜱雄性附腺分泌物及其功能的研究进展

交配是蜱类繁殖过程的关键环节,诱发雌蜱发生一系列的生理变化,并最终产卵。蜱雄性附腺分泌物在交配过程中发挥着重要作用,具有保护、活化精子,促进受精、卵巢发育和卵黄发生的功能,并对雌蜱的生殖生理行为等产生影响,如诱导雌蜱快速吸血和加速产卵。本文在简要分析蜱雄性附腺结构和分泌物生化特性基础上,系统阐述了蜱雄性附腺分泌物中各种功能因子的研究现状,着重论述其在精子获能、诱导雌蜱吸血、促进雌蜱卵巢发育和卵黄发生等方面的进展,并对未来研究提出了展望,以期为此领域的研究拓展思路。     

Reproductive apparatus and male accessory structures in two batrachoid species (Teleostei, Batrachoididae)

The morphology of the genital apparatus of two batrachoid species, Opsanus tau and Porichthys notatus , was studied. The anatomical organization of the female reproductive apparatus is similar in both species but differences are observed in the rhythm of gametogenesis with individual oocyte production asynchronous in O. tau and group synchronous in P. notatus. The male reproductive apparatus is similarly organized in the two species, with both showing enlongated testes with an efferent duct system, two main testicular ducts, a common sperm duct, and a pair of multi-channel accessory structures. The sperm transport system consisting of the efferent duct system, main testicular ducts, and sperm duct is more developed in P. notatus and only in this species does it secrete sialoglycoproteins. Male accessory organs also secrete sialoglycoprotein in both species, but they appear more developed in O. tau. Intraspecific variability in development of accessory structures and mucin secretion was also observed between the two male morphs of P. notatus. Type I males, which build nests and perform parental care to eggs and fry, have larger accessory organs and more abundant secretion than type II males, which adopt opportunistic spawning tactics. The possible role played by mucins as components of the seminal fluid, in both species, and their inter-and intraspecific variability are discussed in the light of the reproductive biology and the presence of alternative male mating tactics.