丹皮多糖-2b对肾上腺素模型小鼠降血糖作用研究

目的　观察丹皮多糖-2b(PSM-2b)对肾上腺素模型小鼠血糖的影响。方法　采用300μg·kg-1肾上腺素腹腔注射复制小鼠高血糖模型。将小鼠随机分为三大组,各大组分别连续灌胃1周、2周或3周。每大组又分为六小组:对照组、模型组、阳性(降糖灵)组、PSM-2b大剂量(90mg·kg-1)组、中剂量(60mg·kg-1)组、小剂量(30mg·kg-1)组。按葡萄糖氧化酶法测血糖,按苯酚-硫酸法测肝糖元含量。结果　PSM-2b能够显著降低肾上腺素模型小鼠的高血糖,且其降血糖作用呈一定的量效关系。PSM-2b还能够促进血糖转化为糖元,显著提高模型小鼠肝糖元的含量。结论　PSM-2b可以通过抑制肾上腺素升血糖作用而降低血糖。     

Studies on fungi in the root region

Summary A study of the colonization of barley root surfaces by sterile dark fungi is described in which the root washing-segment plating technique and direct observation were employed to study the pattern of root colonization. Data are presented showing sterile dark fungi to be rapid colonizers of young roots and to persist on the roots with increasing root age.     

Studies on fungi in the root region

Summary Aqueous extracts of adventitious roots ofAllium sativum L. (garlic), seedling roots ofAllium porrum L. (leek), and both adventitious and seedling roots ofAllium cepa L. (onion), were tested for antibiotic activity against three root-surface fungi,Cylindrocarpon radicicola Wollenw.,Gliocladium roseum (Link) Thom andFusarium culmorum (W. G. Smith) Sacc. by means of two different techniques.With a filter-paper disc technique, root extracts sterilised by membrane-filtration produced zones of inhibition of the test fungi, whereas root extracts sterilised by autoclaving showed no activity. Garlic root extract produced inhibition zones with all the test fungi, whereas extracts of onion adventitious roots and leek seedling roots produced inhibition zones with only one of the test fungi. The extract of onion seedling roots produced no inhibition zones. Root extracts of all theAllium species, when sterilised by membrane filtration, generally inhibited spore-germination of all the test fungi.     

Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paraplegia with bulbar involvement due to the novel ALS2 mutation c.2761C > T

Recessive mutations in the alsin gene cause three clinically distinct motor neuron diseases: juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS2), juvenile primary lateral sclerosis (JPLS) and infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paraplegia (IAHSP). A total of 23 different ALS2 mutations have been described for the three disorders so far. Most of these mutations result in a frameshift leading to a premature truncation of the alsin protein. We report the novel ALS2 truncating mutation c.2761C > T; p.R921X detected by homozygosity mapping and sequencing in two infants affected by IAHSP with bulbar involvement. The mutation c.2761C > T resides in the pleckstrin domain, a characteristic segment of guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Rho GTPase family, which is involved in the overall neuronal development or maintenance. This study highlights the importance of using homozygosity mapping combined with candidate gene analysis to identify the underlying genetic defect as in this Saudi consanguineous family.     

Studies on fungi in the root region

Summary Tabulated information on the colonization of roots of barley, cabbage and dwarf bean by fungi during the first 10 days of root development is given. These data, obtained by isolation and direct observation studies, are discussed in relation to previous observations on the association of fungi with the roots of healthy crop plants.The results indicate that initial root colonization may be by any of a wide range of soil fungi, but that this mixed population rapidly gives way to a stable and typical root-surface mycoflora (dominated by such fungi asFusarium spp.,Cylindrocarpon radicicola, Gliocladium spp., andPenicillium spp.     

Studies on fungi in the root region

Summary Data are given on the fungi isolated from 30-day-old adventitious roots and seedling roots of severalAllium species by means of the root-washing technique. These fungi were typical root-surface forms includingCylindrocarpon, Fusarium, and sterile forms. The amount of root colonization observed, however, was not so great as with other higher plant roots.The nature and role of bulb surface contaminants is discussed in relation to the colonization of young roots, and is compared with the role of seed-coat contaminants in such colonization.