雌激素对兔子宫内膜细胞EGF受体和细胞周期的调控

 由受体放射配基结合分析证明家兔子宫内膜细胞的EGF受体Kd值为0.53nmol/L,每个细胞的最大结合容量为1.11×10~4结合位点。10~(-10)mol/L雌二醇处理24h,细胞的最大结合容量增至2.75×10~4结合位点数/细胞,而Kd值无明显变化,可是,当10~(-5)mol/L雌二醇处理24h,细胞的EGF受体结合率,DNA合成速度率均下降。G_0/G_1期细胞比值明显下降,而G_2+M期和S期细胞明显上升。     

钙调神经磷酸酶B亚基及钙调素的EPR研究

根据顺磁离子Mn~(2+)的取代特性,用EPR方法研究了钙调神经磷酸酶B亚基与其4个Ca~(2+)的结合位点,以及它们亲和力的细微差别。并同时进行了钙调素的对比研究。实验和Scatchard作图表明,B亚基有4个Ca~(2+)结合位点,2个高亲和力结合位点,其解离常数为4×10~(-6)mol/L;2个低亲和力结合位点,解离常数为9×10~(-5)mol/L。钙调素也有2个Ca~(2+)高亲和力结合位点,其解离常数为8×10~(-6)mol/L,2个低亲和力结合位点,解离常数为7×10~(-5)mol/L。钙调神经磷酸酶B亚基和钙调素Mn~(2+)结合位点的EPR研究对B亚基和钙调素在共同调节钙调神经磷酸酶中的作用提供了有用的信息。     

甲状旁腺素、表皮生长因子及维生素A酸对UMR106细胞EGF受体的调节作用

本文研究了EGF、PTH和RA对UMR106细胞EGF受体的调节作用。结果显示PTH能上调EGF的受体,UMR106细胞经bPTH(1-34)处理3天,EGF受体的相对结合率与对照比较提高了40.3％,每个细胞的EGF受体数目从7.22×10~3增加到1.44×10~4,Kd从2.02×10~(-11)增加到3.68×10~(-11)mol/L。而RA则能下调EGF受体,以RA处理3天,EGF受体数目从7.22×10~3下降到4.28×10~3,Kd则从2.02×10~(-11)增加到4.17×10~(-11)mol/L。提示PTH和RA可能通过调变其EGF受体而分别起到正性和负性生长调节作用。     

大鼠卵巢促黄体激素受体膜外微区(1-341)在昆虫细胞中的表达及其性质的初步研究

促黄体激素/人绒毛膜促性腺激素受体(LH/hCG receptor)N端膜外微区341个氨基酸残基(简称R341)与激素有很高的亲和力。本文报道编码R341的cDNA在昆虫细胞中的表达及其产物性质的初步研究。SDS-PAGE银染和免疫印迹结果显示,表达产物呈两条带:分子量为38.5Kd的主带和分子量为40.0Kd的次带。配基结合免疫印迹和~(125)IhCG结合印迹分析表明,表达产物R341具有与配基专一性结合的生物活力。竞争性配基结合曲线和Scatchard分析结果显示,重组受体R341和配基hCG有较高的亲和力,与hCG反应的Kd为5.68×10~(-10)mol/L。     

顺铂与小鼠艾氏腹水肝癌细胞膜的相互作用

本文研究了顺铂对小鼠艾氏腹水肝癌细胞膜蛋白内源性荧光的淬灭作用和测定了其在膜上的结合量。结果表明顺铂能与癌细胞膜结合。按存在两类结合部位,得到表观结合常数和结合部位数为: K_1=1.35×10~5L/mol n_1=6.80×10~(-4)mol/g(protein) K_2=2.50×10~3L/mol n_2=1.92×10~(-3)mol/g(protein)     

阿魏酸在缺氧条件下促进人脐静脉内皮细胞血管形成的实验研究

目的:研究阿魏酸(ferulic acid,FA)在缺氧条件下对人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)增殖、迁移和管腔样结构形成的影响。方法:原代培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,在缺氧实验条件下,细胞被分为7组,即1个对照组和6个实验组。对照组采用1%酒精处理,实验组用不同浓度(1×10~(-8)、1×10~(-7)、1×10~(-6)、1×10~(-5)、1×10~(-4)及1×10~(-3) mol/L)的阿魏酸处理。分别采用MTS法、划痕法、Matrigel法分析不同浓度阿魏酸处理对人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖、迁移和管腔样结构形成的影响。结果:缺氧条件下,浓度为1×10~(-6)~1×10~(-4)mol/L的阿魏酸处理能明显促进HUVECs的增殖(P0.05),以1×10~(-5) mol/L处理的效果最好(P0.01);与对照组相比,1×10~(-6)mol/L(P0.05)、1×10~(-5) mol/L(P0.01)及1×10~(-4) mol/L(P0.01)阿魏酸处理均能明显促进HUVECs横向迁移,以1×10~(-5) mol/L处理迁移的细胞数量最多;1×10~(-8)~1×10~(-4) mol/L阿魏酸处理能不同程度地促进HUVECs管腔样结构的形成,以1×10~(-5) mol/L处理形成管腔样结构的数量最多(P0.01)。结论:阿魏酸在缺氧条件下能促进人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖、迁移和管腔样结构形成。     

环孢素A抑制骨水泥颗粒诱导破骨细胞形成及功能

目的:探讨环孢素A对颗粒诱导破骨细胞形成及功能的影响。方法:取SD仔鼠双侧股骨和胫骨的骨髓,以不含血清的α-MEM培养液洗涤并收集骨髓细胞,再将细胞重悬于含10%胎牛血清及10~(-8)mol/L1,25-(OH)_2D_3的α-MEM培养液中,细胞计数后配成1.5×10~7/ml的细胞悬液,加入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)颗粒和不同浓度的环孢素A(10~((-8)mol/L、10~(-7)mol/L、10~(-6) mol/L)于24孔培养板进行培养,并设置阳性对照组(只加PMMA颗粒)和阴性对照组(PMMA颗粒和CsA均不加),每组均有4孔放置骨磨片1片进行培养。培养2周后,行抗酒石酸(TRAP)染色检测破骨细胞形成;骨磨片行甲苯胺蓝染色观察。结果:PM- MA颗粒能够诱导大量TRAP染色阳性的破骨细胞形成,骨磨片有吸收陷窝形成;用环孢素A(10~(-8)mol/L、10~(-7)mol/L)和PMMA颗粒共同培养下TRAP染色阳性的破骨细胞形成数量明显减少,环孢素A浓度达到10~(-6)mol/L时无TRAP染色阳性的破骨细胞形成;环孢素A浓度在(10~(-8)mol/L、10~(-7)mol/L)时骨磨片有吸收陷窝形成,但少于阳性对照组,在10~(-6)mol/L时骨磨片则无吸收陷窝的形成。结论:环孢素A对PMMA颗粒诱导的破骨细胞的形成有着明显的抑制作用,且呈剂量依赖性。     

生物肽SP对NK-92MI细胞迁移及趋化因子受体表达的影响

探讨生物肽P物质(substance P,SP)对NK92-MI细胞迁移力和细胞表面趋化因子受体表达的影响,能更好地解释SP调控NK细胞迁移的作用机制,为NK细胞的功能研究及潜在的免疫疗法提供补充依据。Transwell法检测SP对NK92-MI细胞迁移能力的影响及SP对趋化因子CCL21和CXCL12对NK92-MI细胞趋化作用的影响;Real-time PCR检测SP对CCR7和CXCR4 mRNA表达水平的影响;流式细胞术检测SP对CCR7和CXCR4膜表达水平的影响。结果显示:①SP促进NK92-MI细胞的迁移,是在低浓度范围(10~(-12)～10~(-10)mol/L)随SP浓度增加,促进作用逐渐增强,高浓度范围(10~(-8)～10~(-6) mol/L)随SP浓度增加,促进作用又有所减弱,SP浓度在10~(-10) mol/L时,趋化指数达峰值;SP增强趋化因子CCL21和CXCL12对NK92-MI细胞的趋化作用,这种增强作用在10~(-10) mol/L浓度最显著。②SP在10~(-12)～10~(-6) mol/L浓度范围内均能明显促进CCR7 mRNA的表达,且CCR7 mRNA表达水平随着SP浓度增加而增高;SP在10~(-10 )～10~(-6 ) mol/L浓度范围内能明显促进CXCR4 mRNA的表达。③CCR7的膜表达水平随着SP浓度的增加具有逐渐增高的趋势,在10~(-8) mol/L和10~(-6) mol/L浓度组,CCR7的表达有明显增加;而CXCR4的膜表达则随SP浓度的增加,具有先增高后回降的趋势,在10~(-10) mol/L和10~(-8) mol/L浓度组,CXCR4的表达有明显增加。SP能直接促进NK92-MI细胞的迁移,说明SP对NK细胞具有直接趋化作用;SP通过上调趋化因子受体CCR7和CXCR4的表达水平,协同趋化因子,间接发挥对NK-92MI细胞的趋化作用。     

Nesfatin-1对卡巴胆碱诱导的大鼠胃粘膜细胞胃酸分泌的影响及其机制研究

目的:探讨Nesfatin-1对卡巴胆碱诱导的离体大鼠胃粘膜细胞胃酸分泌的影响及其机制。方法:采用酶解法分离原代SD大鼠胃粘膜细胞。Nesfatin-1(10-1μmol/L)作用大鼠胃粘膜细胞不同时间以及不同浓度Nesfatin-1(10-1、10-2、10-3、10-4μmol/L)作用大鼠胃粘膜细胞0.5 h后,通过14C-氨基比林(14C-Aminopyrine,14C-AP)法检测其对卡巴胆碱(100μmol/L)诱导的大鼠胃粘膜细胞胃酸分泌的影响。将Nesfatin-1(10-1μmol/L)与卡巴胆碱(100μmol/L)共孵育大鼠胃粘膜细胞0.5 h后,通过透射电镜观察胃壁细胞超微结构的变化。结果:Nesfatin-1(10-1μmol/L)作用于大鼠胃粘膜细胞0.5 h、1.0 h及10-1、10-2、10-3μmol/L Nesfatin-1作用于大鼠胃粘膜细胞0.5 h均可明显降低卡巴胆碱诱导的14C-AP摄取量,与卡巴胆碱组相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Nesfatin-1可影响卡巴胆碱诱导的大鼠胃壁细胞的超微结构,抑制其从静息态向分泌态转化。结论:Nesfatin-1可能通过影响胃壁细胞超微结构变化抑制卡巴胆碱诱导的SD大鼠胃粘膜细胞的胃酸分泌。     

天冬酰胺酶及PEG_2-天冬酰胺酶对L-天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺亲和性的研究

本文报导了天冬酰胺酶及PEG_2-天冬酰胺酶对废物L-天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺亲和性的研究,结果表明:PEG_2-天冬酰胺酶对谷氨酰胺的亲和性明显强于天冬酰胺酶(Km值分别为7.35×10~(-3)mol/L和7.14×10~(-2)mol/L),对天冬酰胺的亲和性略强于天冬酰胺酶(Km值分别为2.9×10~(-5)mol/L和4.0×10~(-5)mol/L)。天冬酰胺酶和PEG_2-天冬酰胺酶的CD光谱表明:天冬酰胺和谷氨酰胺对天冬酰胺酶和PEG_2-天冬酰胺酶的构象影响较大,但天冬酰胺酶和PEG_2-天冬酰胺酶的构象变化趋势有明显的不同。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.