Etude de la reponse à un stress hydrique de quelques varietés de riz pluvial et de riz irrigué

Résumé La transpiration de plants de riz cultivés sur sol en chambre de culture, est suivie en continu pendant une séquence déssèchement-irrigation. Les cycles jouraliers de transpiration sont présentés avant et pendant le stress hydrique. Quatre variétés montrent une augmentation de la transpiration nocturne qui disparait lors du stress hydrique. Il apparait que la régulation stomatique est indépendante du potentiel hydrique du sol jusqu'à une valeur seuil au-delà de laquelle la baisse de transpiration est proportionnelle à la baisse du potentiel hydrique. Cette valuer seuil est plus basse pour les variétés de type irrigué.

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Water stress response for some cultivars of upland- and lowland riceI. Effects on transpiration

Summary The transpiration of rice seedlings grown on soil in a growth chamber was observed during a soil drying/rewetting sequence. The diurnal cycles of transpiration are shown before and during the water stress period. Four cultivars showed an increase of transpiration during the night. This increase disappeared during the water stress period. The stomatal regulation appeared not to depend on the soil water potential until a certain value. Below this soil-water threshold, the decrease of transpiration was proportion to the decrease of water potential. This threshold value is lower for the rain-fed cultivars than for the irrigated cultivars.

     

Epidemiología de las fungemias en un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad

BackgroundA retrospective study on the epidemiology of fungaemia due to yeasts of medical importance at the Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. J. Garrahan, Buenos Aires was conducted between September 2001 and September 2003.ObjectivesTo learn the distribution of yeast species and to evaluate their in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile.MethodsThe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined according to the CLSI M27-A2 procedure, and time kill curves against amphotericin B were also performed.Results-ConclusionsThe species isolated were Candida parapsilosis (32.6% of isolates); Candida albicans (26.5%), Candida tropicalis (24.5%), and other yeasts (16.4%). Candida isolates were susceptible to the antifungals evaluated, but amphotericin B-tolerant isolates were detected using time kill curves.     

Identificación de polimorfismos de un solo nucleótido relacionados con la fragilidad

Introduction

The search for biomarkers that can lead to the early diagnosis and thus, early treatment of frailty, has become one of the main challenges facing the geriatric scientific community. The aim of the present study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to frailty.

Resultados de un programa de rehabilitación domiciliaria tras hospitalización en pacientes con fractura de cadera

IntroductionHip fracture is one of the most frequent disabling injuries, presenting serious complications during the acute and subacute phase. Rehabilitation at home, after hospital discharge, allows rapid functional recovery. The objective of this study is to evaluate the possible usefulness of a home rehabilitation program in patients with hip fracture integrated in a Hospital at Home Unit.MethodsRetrospective study that consecutively included patients accepted for home rehabilitation treatment between September 9, 2019 and December 31, 2021 in the Hospital at Home Unit of the Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia. Demographic, clinical, functional and quality of care variables were collected.ResultsTwo hundred twenty-four subjects were included. The mean age was 84.6 (SD 7.7) years, with 66% women and 34% men, with 32% of patients diagnosed with dementia in one of its degrees of severity. The mean hospital stay was 8.4 (SD 4.1) days and 6.5 (5.3) days in the Hospital at Home Unit rehabilitation program. 90% of the patients included in the program reached the therapeutic goal outlined during hospital admission.ConclusionsThe home rehabilitation of patients with hip fracture contributes to a functional recovery of the patient in a shorter time. Further studies are necessary to confirm the results obtained.     

Valor pronóstico de los instrumentos de evaluación de enfermedad avanzada y de final de vida en ancianos ingresados en un centro sociosanitario

Objective

To apply 3 advanced chronic disease evaluation tools in elderly patients admitted to an intermediate and long-term care centre, and evaluate its relationship with mortality.

Recueil chirurgical de spermatozoïdes dans un groupe de 50 patients avec un antécédent de cryptorchidie bilatérale: facteurs pronostics d’extraction

Bilateral cryptorchidism is a severe factor of male infertility. We evaluated the results of testicular sperm extraction in 50 men with nonobstructive azoospermia associated with cryptorchidism between 1995 to 2001. We evaluated clinical parameters predictive of successful sperm extraction. Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was elevated in 67% of cases and testicular volume was decreased in 70% of cases, confirming the secretory origin of the azoospermia. Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testicular volume and histological parameters were examined as predictive factors for sperm recovery. The positive sperm recovery rate was 68%. As in the population of men with nonobstructive azoospermia, the sperm recovery rate for patients with a history of orchidopexy is approximately 68% and there are currently no clinical parameters predicting successful sperm retrieval in this subpopulation of patients.     

Resultado de la actualización de la vía clínica de la fractura de cadera del anciano en un hospital universitario de Madrid

Background and objectivesOrthogeriatric management with clinical pathways (CP) in hip fracture (HF) has been shown to be superior to other models. We studied whether updating the CP, through prioritization of admission and surgery, improvement in the prevention and treatment of delirium, management of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents and the use of perioperative peripheral nerve block, modifies surgical delay, stay, readmissions, mortality, suffering delirium and functional status at discharge.Material and methodA retrospective observational study of unicenter cohorts of 468 patients with HF, 220 from 2016 (old VC) and 248 from 2019 (new VC). The variables are: intervention in the first 48 hours, surgical delay (hours), stay (days), stay less than 15 days, delirium, functional loss at discharge (Barthel prefracture scale less Barthel scale at discharge), readmission at one month, and mortality at admission, month and year.ResultsMedian age: 87.0 [interquartile range 8.0], mostly women (76.7%). Significantly, with the new VC, there was a greater number of patients operated on in the first 48 hours (27,7% vs 36,8% p = 0.036), less surgical delay (72.5 [47,5-110,5] vs 64.0 [42,0-88,0] p < 0.001), shorter stay (10,0 [7,0-13,0] vs 8,0 [6,0-11,0] p < 0.001), greater number of discharges in 15 days (78,2% vs 91,5% p < 0.001), lower delirium (54,1% vs 43,5% p = 0.023). No significant changes in readmissions, functional loss at discharge, mortality at admission, 3 months or year.ConclusionsUpdating the VC brings benefits to the patient (less surgical delay, equal functional status at discharge with fewer days of admission) and benefits in management (lower admission) without modifying mortality.