HPLC-MS/MS法测定黄山贡菊花、叶和茎中酚类物质

采用HPLC-MS/MS检测技术分析了黄山贡菊花、叶、茎中酚类物质。结果表明,黄山贡菊花、叶、茎中酚类物质主要为黄酮及酚酸类化合物,其中贡菊花中含有13种黄酮类化合物,9种酚酸类化合物;叶中含有11种黄酮类化合物,6种酚酸类化合物;茎中含有8种黄酮类化合物,5种酚酸类化合物。贡菊花、叶、茎中共有的酚性成分包括:绿原酸、1,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸、3,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸、4,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸、芹菜素-6-C-木糖-8-C-葡萄糖、芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-阿拉伯糖、芹菜素-6-C-阿拉伯糖-8-C-葡萄糖、木犀草苷、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷、香叶木素-7-O-6"-丙二酰-葡萄糖苷、金合欢素-7-O-6"-丙二酰-葡萄糖苷。金合欢素-7-O-半乳糖苷存在于贡菊茎、叶中,而在贡菊花中未发现;芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷只存在于贡菊叶中,在贡菊花和茎中均未发现。     

连钱草化学成分研究

从连钱草(Glechoma longituba)分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(1)、齐敦果酸(2)、熊果酸(3)、2α,3α-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(4)2、α,3β-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(5)、胡萝卜苷(6),3,6-二甲氧基-6″,6″-二甲基苯并吡喃-(7,8,2″,3″)-黄酮(7)、芫花素(8)、芹菜素-7-O--βD-葡萄糖苷(9)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(10)。其中化合物2,4~8首次从该植物中分离得到。     

星状凤毛菊的化学成分研究

采用各种填料的色谱柱层析方法从药用植物星状凤毛菊(Saussurea stella Maxim)的全草中分离纯化出15个化合物,经波谱分析将它们的化学结构分别鉴定为2-甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲醛(1)、3-(3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯醛(2)、松脂素-4′-O-β-葡萄糖苷(3)、胡萝卜苷(4)、木犀草素(5)、金合欢素(6)、洋芹素(7)、日本椴苷(8)、3′-甲氧基木犀草素-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷(9)、洋芹素-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷(10)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(11)、山奈素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(12)、槲皮素-5-O-β-葡萄糖苷(13)、4′-甲氧基槲皮素-5-O-β葡萄糖苷(14)和3-甲氧基山奈素-6-O-β葡萄糖苷(15)。其中化合物1～5、9～10和13～15是首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

鼬瓣花中的黄酮苷

从鼬瓣花甲醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷类化合物,运用光谱技术鉴定了它们的结构,分别为洋芹素-7-O-(6″-O-p-羟基肉桂酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),洋芹素-7-葡萄糖苷(2),木犀草素-7-葡萄糖苷(3)和黄芩苷(4)。化合物1为首次从鼬瓣花属植物中分离获得。     

藏药斑唇马先蒿的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱、大孔树脂柱、Sephadex LH-20柱、反相C18柱等柱层析手段,对斑唇马先蒿的化学成分进行了系统的分离纯化,得到了7个化合物,其1H NMR和13C NMR鉴定结果为木犀草素(luteolin,1)、芹菜素(apigenin,2)、金圣草黄素(chrysoeriol,3)、3,5,7-三羟基-3’,5’-二甲氧基黄酮(3,5,7-trihydroxy-3’,5’-dimethoxyl flavone,4)、毛蕊花苷(verbascoside,5)、异毛蕊花苷(isoverbascoside,6)、木犀草素4’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(luteolin-4’-O-β-D-glucoside,7).这7个化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到,为藏药斑唇马先蓠的深入研究提供了基础.     

叶下珠中黄酮类化学成分及其生物活性

利用色谱分离方法与现代波谱分析技术,对叶下珠乙酸乙酯提取物的化学成分进行了系统的研究。从中分离鉴定了14个黄酮类化合物,分别为槲皮素-3-(4"-O-乙酰基)-O-α-L-鼠李糖-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(1)、槲皮素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(2)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、芸香甙(5)、槲皮素(6)、山柰酚(7)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(8)、木犀草素(9)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、蒙花苷(11)、山柰酚-3-O-β-芸香糖苷(12)、柚皮苷(13)、橙皮苷(14)。除5~7外的所有化合物均从该植物中首次分离。对分离所得的化合物进行了体外细胞毒和抗氧化活性测试,结果显示化合物6、9和10表现出一定的细胞毒活性,所有化合物均具有不同程度的抗氧化活性。     

蜈蚣草化学成分及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶生物活性研究

采用多种分离分析手段对蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata)乙醇提取物进行系统的化学成分和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性研究,应用现代波谱技术鉴定了其中的6个化学成分,分别是芹菜素(1)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、木犀草素(3)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖(4)、山柰素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、β-谷甾醇(6),所有化合物均系首次从该种中获得。化合物5具有一定抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。     

红背山麻杆化学成分的研究

采用柱色谱技术从红背山麻杆叶子的60％乙醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷和2个其他类化合物.根据理化性质及波谱方法分别鉴定为:芹菜素-6-C-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、芹菜素-7-O-芸香糖苷(2)、芹菜素-7-O-β-(2″-O-α-鼠李糖基)葡萄糖醛酸苷(3)、木犀草素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、没食子酸乙酯(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6).以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物1～4为首次从山麻杆属中分离得到的黄酮苷.     

毛果巴豆枝叶的化学成分研究

为研究毛果巴豆枝叶中的化学成分,该文采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱以及HPLC等多种色谱相结合的方法,对毛果巴豆枝叶95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位进行分离,从中得到8个化合物,通过波谱数据分析并结合文献比对,将其鉴定为2β-hydroxyteucvidin acetate(1),2β-hydroxyteucvidin(2),crotoeurin B(3),山奈酚-3-O-(6″-O-顺式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4),山奈酚-3-O-(6″-O-反式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),栗苷A(6),cerevisterol(7),尿嘧啶(8)。化合物2-7均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

抱茎苦荬菜水溶性成分的分离与结构鉴定

从抱茎苦荬菜的水溶性成分分离得到5个化合物,根据理化性质和光谱数据分别鉴定为木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(1),木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖1→2葡萄糖苷(2),芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(3),菊苣酸(4),(-)3,4-二羟基咖啡酰基酒石酸(5)。化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.