苏云金芽孢杆菌大型质粒DNA的小量提取

以苏云金芽孢杆菌库斯塔克亚种、猝倒亚种及以色列亚种为材料,介绍了低拷贝大型质粒DNA的小量提取方法,该法采用PEG 6000进行质粒纯化,省略了苯酚和氯仿抽提过程。实验证明,该法结果稳定,提取的质粒DNA产量和质量均符合大多数分子生物学实验的要求。     

TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR检测水稻RAcl基因mRNA方法的建立

构建包含RAcl基因cDNA片段的质粒,作为水稻肌动蛋白基因RAcl之mRNA定量检测的标准品,建立检测方法,为水稻其他基因的定量建立内参。从水稻叶总RNA中逆转录扩增总cDNA,PCR扩增RAcl基因中设计的目的片段,将纯化的目的片段与pMD19-T Simple载体进行连接,转化宿主菌JM-109,提取重组质粒DNA,PCR鉴定并测序分析。纯化质粒并检测260nm吸光值,确定重组质粒原液的拷贝浓度并以此制备荧光定量PCR梯度浓度标准品,进行实时荧光定量PCR实验。建立了RAcl基因mRNA表达实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,特异性好,检测灵敏度达102拷贝,线性范围为102—1护拷贝,阈值循环数（Ct）与PCR体系中起始模板量的对数值之间有着良好的线性关系（r=1．000）,扩增效率高（E=98．2％）。建立了基因RAcl实时定量PCR的质粒标准品。     

质粒和λ噬菌体DNA简便的分离纯化方法

用甲酯化白蛋白硅藻土(MAK)柱层析方法分离纯化的质粒pBR322,ColE_1,pSC101,pCRl 和λDNA,经EcoR_1限制性内切酶作用,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,抗药因子转化,结果表明这些材料可以用作DNA 重组体的载体和限制性内切酶的底物。     

质粒和λ噬菌体DNA简便的分离纯化方法

用甲酯化白蛋白硅藻土(MAK)柱层析方法分离纯化的质粒pBR322,ColE_1,pSC101,pCR1和λDNA,经EcoR_1限制性内切酶作用,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,抗药因子转化,结果表明这些材料可以用作DNA重组体的载体和限制性内切酶的底物。     

TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR检测水稻RAc1基因mRNA方法的建立

构建包含RAc1基因cDNA片段的质粒,作为水稻肌动蛋白基因RAc1之mRNA定量检测的标准品,建立检测方法,为水稻其他基因的定量建立内参.从水稻叶总RNA中逆转录扩增总cDNA,PCR扩增RAc1基因中设计的目的片段,将纯化的目的片段与pMD19-T Simple载体进行连接,转化宿主菌JM-109,提取重组质粒DNA,PCR鉴定并测序分析.纯化质粒并检测260nm吸光值,确定重组质粒原液的拷贝浓度并以此制备荧光定量PCR梯度浓度标准品,进行实时荧光定量PCR实验.建立了RAc1基因mRNA表达实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,特异性好,检测灵敏度达102拷贝,线性范围为102～107拷贝,阈值循环数(Ct)与PCR体系中起始模板量的对数值之间有着良好的线性关系(r=1.000),扩增效率高(E=98.2%).建立了基因RAc1实时定量PCR的质粒标准品.     

快速检查寡聚DNA片段序列的方法

以质粒为模板,用待测寡聚DNA片段和通用测序引物进行PCR（聚合酶链式反应）,PCR片段经纯化后插入到pUC－18或pUC－19的多克隆位点中,然后用通用测序引物测定重组质粒上待测寡聚DNA片段,即可清晰、正确地知道它的序列．     

HBV X 区基因部分序列的亚克隆与PCR 检测

目的：探讨HBVX区基因用于乙型病毒性肝炎早期诊断价值和意义。方法：设计特异性引物,将pBR322-HBV质粒X区部分序列PCR产物AT亚克隆至pBS—T载体,提取和纯化质粒DNA,再对HBVX区序列进行PCR扩增。结果：获得了预期希望的质粒。PCR的最佳退火温度为51℃,灵敏度达到101拷贝／2μl,线性范围101—1010拷贝／2μl。讨论：pBR322-HBV质粒中的靶基因成功地被亚克隆至pBS—T载体。pBR322-HBV中X区目的序列扩增产物为57bp,该小片段勿需纯化就可直接AT亚克隆至新载体,有利于后续的常规PCR检测和TaqMan MGB荧光定量PCR检测。     

λ DNA酶切片段与pUC19克隆载体的构建与鉴定

目的:构建λDNA片段/p UC19重组质粒并鉴定。方法:将克隆质粒p UC19和λDNA进行Hind III酶切、碱法提取质粒,琼脂糖凝胶电泳纯化鉴定、紫外分光光度测定,T4DNA连接酶切产物、冰Ca Cl2转化E.coli DH5α菌株使之成为感受态细胞、蓝白斑筛选法筛选并鉴定重组转化子。结果:1所提质粒p UC19电泳获得预期的3条带,经由标准DNA Markar比对准确,提取浓度满足酶切需要。2酶切质粒p UC19电泳获得预期的1条带,λDNA片段电泳获得的4条带,经由标准DNA Markar比对准确。3培养皿不同区域出现数量不等的蓝色、白色菌斑。结论:应用质粒p UC19可成功构建λDNA片段/p UC19重组质粒。经鉴定,该克隆载体能够导入菌株E.coli DH5α,转化效率较高。     

核酸及蛋白质合成、提取、纯化

931129由各种方法纯化的质粒ONA的Taq循环翻序〔英〕/Hradetzky,D.…1 Bioteeh Forum Eur一1092,9(7~8)一471~472〔译自DBA,1992,11(20),92一11144) DNA模板的纯化是测序中最关键最困难的一步。就DNA得率、花费、碱基范围和碱墓精确率等方面,考察了制备双链DNA的各种方法,包括小型制备一水煮法,小型制备一碱法,氮化艳制备法,Stratagene过柱法,Qiagen过柱法。采用质粒pBlueseript IIKS、ABI Taq引物循环侧序药盒及AIB Taq染料脱氧终止子循环测序药盒,对DNA进行自动测序。Stratagene或Q二age。层析给出高纯度DNA,使测序范围…     

基因重组菌质粒稳定性的提高与苯丙氨酸发酵的研究

本研究用具有苯丙氨酸生产抗反馈抑制基因pheA^FR、aroF^FR及温度敏感型阻遏基因CI857的质粒pSYl30—14和具有分配机能的低拷贝质粒pSYl6,重组构建了具有苯丙氨酸生产基因系统的质粒：psY200一14,然后使其转化到大肠杆菌AT2471中,育成了基因重组菌株AT247l／psY200—14。试验表明,该菌株质粒稳定性比原菌株AT2471／psYl30—14有较大的提高,当存在选择压时,在30～42℃范围内维持100％的高稳定性。应用此重组菌株,在2．5L通气搅拌罐进行发酵试验,在搅拌转速850rpm,通气速率1．Ovvm,38．5℃和pH7．O的条件下,发酵48h苯丙氨酸生成量达14．2g／L,比原株增产l1．8％。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.