应用高速逆流色谱分离桑枝酚类成分

建立了高速逆流色谱(HsCCC)分离制备高纯度的桑枝酚类成分的新方法.分离条件如下:溶剂系统为正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇冰(1∶1∶1∶2,v/v),上相为固定相,下相为流动相;流速2.0 mL/min;转速900rpm;进样量75 mg.收集得到三个高纯度化合物,经HPLC、MS、1H和13C NMR等分别鉴定为反式氧化白藜芦醇(25.2mg),反式白藜芦醇(7.4 mg)和桑辛素M(29.1 mg).高速逆流色谱可以高效分离桑枝成分,方法简便,技术可行,优于传统的柱色谱法.     

高速逆流色谱结合制备液相色谱分离纯化桂枝中化学成分

本文首次采用高速逆流色谱结合高效液相色谱的方法对桂枝正丁醇相进行分离纯化。首先,以石油醚-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水(8∶2∶6∶4,v/v)为高速逆流色谱溶剂系统,将桂枝正丁醇萃取相分为两个馏分,然后结合制备高效液相,共分离得到4个高纯度化合物。通过核磁共振波谱鉴定其化学结构,分别为香豆素(1)、反式-邻甲氧基桂皮酸(2)、桂皮酸(3)、反式-桂皮醛(4),这四种化合物纯度经高效液相检测均大于95%。该方法简便、快速、节省溶剂,可以对桂枝正丁醇相进行快速有效的分离纯化,具有较好的实用价值,为桂枝资源的进一步开发应用提供了技术和物质支持。     

高速逆流色谱对大黄蒽醌类成分的分离研究

利用高速逆流色谱对大黄中的5个蒽醌活性成分进行了分离,当两相溶剂系统的组成是石油醚∶乙酸乙酯∶甲醇∶水=8∶2∶8∶1时,分离出大黄素;当两相溶剂比为3∶4∶3∶2时,分离出大黄酸和芦荟大黄素;当溶剂比为12∶2∶12∶1时,分离出大黄酚和大黄素甲醚;经高压液相色谱检测大黄素、大黄酸和芦荟大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的含量分别为98.81%9、9.15%、98.51%9、8.89%和98.16%。     

高速逆流色谱分离真菌Aspergullus versicolor中二苯醚类化合物

首次运用高速逆流色谱(HSCCC)技术从经表观遗传试剂诱导的曲霉属真菌Aspergullus versicolor的次级代谢产物中快速分离纯化得到二苯醚类化合物diorcinol,建立了快速分离制备杂色曲霉次级代谢产物中的二苯醚类化合物的方法。本研究首先对经过表观遗传试剂诱导的菌株DJ013的发酵液用乙酸乙酯浸提,萃取富集二苯醚类成分,然后以石油醚-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水(4∶5∶4∶5,v/v)为两相溶剂系统进行高速逆流色谱分离纯化,上相为固定相,下相为流动相,流速5.0 m L/min,实验温度25℃,转速为800 rpm,检测波长为220 nm。对所得到的目标化合物经超高效液相色谱(UPLC)纯度分析,其纯度在97%以上。通过质谱、核磁等波谱技术鉴定所分离得到的目标化合物为二苯醚类化合物diorcinol。与前期研究中采用的柱色谱法、HPLC等多种方法相结合的长达48 h的制备周期相比,高速逆流色谱法仅需55 min,效率大大提高。该结果表明,本研究建立的高速逆流色谱方法可高效高纯度获得具有抗菌活性的二苯醚类化合物,将为二苯醚化合物的进一步研究提供高效制备方法。     

芦荟多糖的分离纯化及性质研究

采用水提醇沉法提取芦荟多糖,经DEAE-C32柱层析分离,Sephades G-100进一步纯化,得AⅠ、AⅡ和AⅢ三种芦荟多糖。Sephadex G-100凝胶色谱表明,AⅠ组分为均一组分,其分子量约为3.8×10~4。借助气相色谱技术,研究了芦荟粗多糖和AⅠ组分的单糖组成。另外,红外光谱鉴定芦荟多糖主要为吡喃多糖。     

高速逆流色谱分离纯化钩吻中钩吻素甲

采用高速逆流色谱法,分别以正己烷-乙酸乙酯-无水乙醇-水(3∶3∶2∶3 V/V)和氯仿-甲醇-0.2 mol/L盐酸(4∶3∶1.5 V/V)为溶剂体系,从300 mg钩吻总碱中分离纯化出一种钩吻生物碱单体30.78 mg,高效液相色谱技术分析其质量分数为97.76%,核磁共振谱、质谱分析确证其为钩吻素甲;通过小鼠醋酸扭体法检测,表明钩吻总碱和钩吻素甲对小鼠均具有显著的镇痛活性。高速逆流色谱技术可高效分离纯化具有镇痛活性的钩吻素甲。     

高速逆流色谱分离纯化雷公藤中的雷公藤红素

以雷公藤植物粗提物为原料,建立了高速逆流色谱分离纯化雷公藤红素的分离纯化方法。优化了两相溶剂体系的组成及配比。优化后的分离纯化溶剂体系为正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水,其体积之比为2∶3∶3∶2(上相为固定相,下相为流动相),实验温度为室温,主机转速为800 rpm,正向洗脱,流动相流速为2.0 m L/min。目标产物的分离时间较短、产品纯度高(97.5%)、分离过程稳定。     

金边瑞香有机相提取物库的构建及活性成分分离纯化研究

采用逆流提取-系统溶剂组分化-高效液相色谱法(high-performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)检测组分化效果-高速逆流色谱技术(High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography,HSCCC)分离制备高纯度化合物的研究思路,对金边瑞香化学成分进行研究得到4个高纯度单体化合物.通过现代谱学方法分别鉴定为:瑞香素(daphnetin,1)、瑞香黄烷I(daphnodorin I,2)、对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzonic acid,3)和瑞香黄烷D1(daphnodorin D1,4),化合物2～4均为首次从该种植物中分离得到.     

高速逆流色谱分离制备栀子苷

以栀子苷粗提取物为原料,采用高速逆流色谱法分离栀子苷,溶剂系统为A:乙酸乙酯∶正丁醇∶水(2∶1.5∶3)和B∶正丁醇∶水(1∶1),上相为固定相,下相为流动相,流速为2.0 mL/min,转速为850 r/min,温度控制在25℃,纯度用HPLC测定.结果表明,利用溶剂系统A和B进行HSCCC制备栀子苷,使栀子苷含量从50.75％(HPLC)分别提高至86.6％和91.8％,回收率分别为81.36％和78.12％.     

黄连中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的筛选分离及质谱分析

为筛选黄连中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂,本研究采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用技术(HPLC-DAD-MS)对黄连提取物中的化学成分进行分析鉴定,并采用高速逆流色谱分离其中的活性成分。选用反相C18色谱柱,以0.02%醋酸溶液(A)和甲醇(B)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱;利用电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)正离子模式在线检测化学成分;以α-葡萄糖苷酶作为生物靶分子,以超滤质谱技术筛选酶抑制剂。再经高速逆流色谱分离纯化,以乙酸乙酯-正丁醇-乙醇-水(3.0∶1.7∶0.5∶6.0,v/v/v/v)为两相溶剂系统,所得分离收集液经高效液相色谱法检测。实验通过HPLC-DAD-MS共鉴定出5个化学成分,分别为药根碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马亭和小檗碱。通过HSCCC分离得到两种α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂巴马亭和小檗碱。利用液相色谱-超滤-质谱-高速逆流色谱联用技术可以快速分离鉴定黄连中的化合物。此方法对于筛选有效成分具有快速和灵敏等优势。     

基于绿色低共熔溶剂法高效提取鸡骨草中的黄酮和皂苷

为了研究鸡骨草中总黄酮和总皂苷的最佳提取工艺,通过单因素试验和星点设计-响应面法,对低共熔溶剂的性质(如种类、组分摩尔比、含水量)、提取温度、提取时间、液料比等多个因素进行考察。结果显示,总黄酮的最佳提取条件为:摩尔比1∶2、含水量30%的氯化胆碱/乙二醇作溶剂,提取温度80℃,提取时间40min,液料比15∶1(mL/g);总皂苷的最佳提取条件为∶摩尔比1∶4、含水量25%的氯化胆碱/乳酸作溶剂,提取温度80℃,提取时间64min,液料比56∶1(mL/g)。在最佳条件下,总黄酮和总皂苷的提取率较传统提取溶剂分别提高了33.3%和96.4%。本研究为鸡骨草中黄酮和皂苷的高效、安全提取提供了一条新思路。     

温度诱导双水相体系分离芦荟多糖的分配行为研究

本文研究了芦荟多糖在温度诱导双水相体系中的分配行为,考察了Triton-114的浓度、温度、酸度、盐的浓度等因素对芦荟多糖分配行为的影响。结果表明,芦荟多糖趋于分配在水相,当Triton-114浓度为4%,pH=3,温度50℃时,芦荟多糖在水相中的回收率达到最大,多糖的含量也由原来的68.39%增加到75.63%。实验还表明,无机盐对芦荟多糖的分配行为具有很大的影响。     

Antivirus and immune enhancement activities of sulfated polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis

This study is to synthesize sulfated Angelica polysaccharides (APSs) and investigate the activity of one of the sulfated derivatives APS-1 on murine leukemia virus in vivo. Six sulfated derivatives with degree of sulfation ranging from 0.68 to 1.91 were obtained. And the virus replication was inhibited by APS-1 at the dose of 10 and 30 mg/kg (26% and 30% inhibition respectively). Furthermore, both the percentage of CD4(+) cells and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio in peripheral blood cells were significantly enhanced by APS-1 at 3-30 mg/kg. In addition, the reduced thymus/body weight index by murine leukemia virus infection was increased by ASP-1 in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that APS-1 could not only inhibit virus replication, but also improve the immune function. APS-1 may be a potential new and better antiviral drug.     

Antioxidant properties and PC12 cell protective effects of APS-1, a polysaccharide from Aloe vera var. chinensis

Through a combination of anion-exchange and repeated gel chromatographies, APS-1 was isolated from fresh leaves of Aloe vera L. var. chinensis (Haw.) Berger (an edible and medicinal plant widely cultivated and consumed in China) as a principal polysaccharide composed of mannose and glucose (ca. 18:5) with its molecular weight around 2.1 x 10(5). In a dose-dependent manner, APS-1 was demonstrated to be free radical scavenging in superoxide and hydroxyl radical assays, inhibitory to the copper-mediated oxidation of human low density lipoprotein (LDL), and protective against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced lesion to rat PC12 cell (pheochromocytoma cell line). The result suggested that APS-1 could be of considerable preventive and therapeutic significance to some free radical associated health problems such as coronary heart ailments, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Furthermore, the finding shed as well fresh light helpful for a better understanding of the health-benefiting potential of the edible plant consumed by the Chinese people for a couple of centuries.     

高速逆流色谱分离制备川西獐牙菜中两种苷类化合物

采用高速逆流色谱从川西獐牙菜中分离制备了两种高纯度苷类化合物.以正丁醇-氯仿-甲醇-水(3.4∶8∶5∶6,v/v)为溶剂系统,主机转速为800 rpm,流速:O～210 min,1.5mL/min;210 ～360m in,2.5 mL/min,检测波长254 nm的条件下进行分离制备,在360 min内从100 mg样品中一步分离制备得到1-O-樱草糖-3,7,8-三甲氧基(口山)酮(Ⅰ,11 mg)和异荭草苷(Ⅱ,24 mg).经HPLC检测,两个化合物的纯度均在99％以上,结构由UV、1H和13C NMR鉴定.     

高速逆流色谱法同时分离制备头花蓼中没食子酸和原儿茶酸

对蓼科蓼属头状蓼组植物头花蓼进行化学成分的研究。本研究建立了HPLC测定中药头花蓼水提喷雾干燥粉末中化学成分含量的方法,然后应用高速逆流色谱法对头花蓼水提喷雾干燥粉末的乙酸乙酯粗提物的化学成分进行了半制备性分离研究,通过对分离方法和溶剂系统的筛选,寻找到最佳的溶剂系统(正己烷∶乙酸乙酯∶甲醇∶水=1∶5∶1∶5),上相为固定相,转速840 r/min,流速2.0 mL/min,进样量756 mg,检测波长272 nm。结果显示,在该条件下经一步分离可同时得到质量为148.5 mg和9.2 mg的两种产物,纯度为99.8%和97.4%,经紫外、红外、质谱及核磁共振等方法进行结构分析,确定分别为没食子酸和原儿茶酸。     

不同钙-醇溶解体系丝素蛋白的制备及表征研究

采用 ４种中性盐溶液 Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２４Ｈ２Ｏ 甲醇、Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２４Ｈ２Ｏ 乙醇、ＣａＣｌ２ 甲醇 水和 ＣａＣｌ２ 乙醇 水（摩尔比分别为 １∶２、１∶２、１∶２∶８、１∶２∶８）处理蚕丝纤维,透析后经冷冻干燥制成固体,利用ＳＤＳ ＰＡＧＥ、电镜扫描和红外光谱对制得的固体进行表征。ＳＤＳ ＰＡＧＥ结果表明：Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２４Ｈ２Ｏ 醇体系降解丝素蛋白较 ＣａＣｌ２ 醇 水体系降解程度高;电镜扫描的结果表明 Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２４Ｈ２Ｏ 甲醇和 ＣａＣｌ２ 乙醇 水溶解体系处理的丝素蛋白溶解比较完全,Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２４Ｈ２Ｏ 甲醇处理的丝素蛋白冻干后为颗粒状,而 ＣａＣｌ２ 乙醇 水处理的丝素蛋白冻干后为片状。红外光谱的结果表明：４种溶液处理后的丝素蛋白构象均介于 β折叠和无规则卷曲之间,从而为丝素蛋白在药物缓释载体领域的应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

Production and recovery of an alkaline exo-polygalacturonase from Bacillus subtilis RCK under solid-state fermentation using statistical approach

The empirical models developed through two independent RSM (RSM-I, 2(3); RSM-II, 2(5)) in terms of effective operational factors of inoculum age, inoculum volume, wheat bran-to-moisture ratio (RSM-I) and contact time, extraction temperature, agitation, fermented bran-to-solvent ratio and SDS (RSM-II) were found adequate to describe the optimization of exo-polygalacturonase from Bacillus subtilis RCK under solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions. Through the analysis of RSM-I, wheat bran-to-moisture ratio and inoculum volume were found to be the most significant factors and an increment in both had a positive effect in enhancing enzyme yield, while in RSM-II all the factors significantly affected enzyme recovery except fermented bran-to-solvent ratio, which had the least impact within the ranges investigated in enhancing enzyme recovery. Based on contour plots and variance analysis, optimum operational conditions for maximum exo-polygalacturonase yield were achieved when 1.5% (v/w) of 24h old (OD(600 nm) approximately 2.7+/-0.2) B. subtilis RCK cells were inoculated on moistened wheat bran (1:7 solid substrate-to-moisture ratio) and enzyme was harvested by addition of solvent (1:6 fermented bran-to-solvent ratio) under shaking conditions (200 rpm) in presence of SDS (0.25% w/v) for 15 min at 35 degrees C. An over all 3.4 fold (1.7-fold RSM-I; 2.0 fold RSM-II) increase in enzyme production was attained because of optimization by RSM.     

Optimization of carbohydrate fatty acid ester synthesis in organic media by a lipase from Candida antarctica

The effect of solvents and solvent mixtures on the synthesis of myristic acid esters of different carbohydrates with an immobilized lipase from C. antarctica was investigated. The rate of myristyl glucose synthesized by the enzyme was increased from 3.7 to 20.2 micromol min(-1) g(-1) by changing the solvent from pure tert-butanol to a mixture of tert-butanol:pyridine (55:45 v/v), by increasing the temperature from 45 degrees C to 60 degrees C, and by optimizing the relative amounts of glucose, myristic acid, and the enzyme preparation. Addition of more than 2% DMSO to the tert-butanol:pyridine system resulted in a reduction of enzyme activity. Lowering the water content of the enzyme preparation below 0.85% (w/w) resulted in significant decreases in enzyme activity, while increasing the water content up to 2.17% (w/w) did not significantly affect the enzyme activity. The highest yields of myristyl glucose were obtained when an excess of unsolubilized glucose was present in the reaction system. In this case, all of the initially solubilized and a significant amount of the initially unsolubilized glucose was converted to the ester within 24 h of incubation, resulting in a myristyl glucose concentration of 34 mg/mL(-1). Myristic acid esters of fructose (22.3 micromol min(-1) g(-1)), alpha-D-methyl-glucopyranoside (26.9 micromol min(-1) g(-1)) and maltose (1.9 micromol min(-1) g(-1)) could also be prepared using the tert-butanol:pyridine solvent system. No synthesis activity was observed with maltotriose, cellobiose, sucrose, and lactose as substrate.