口服结核Ag85A-CD226 DNA疫苗在小鼠脾与肠道的表达水平检测

目的了解结核Ag85A-CD226 DNA疫苗经灌胃方式接种小鼠后在脾淋巴细胞与肠道的表达情况。方法将构建的pcDNA3.1-Ag85A-CD226、pcDNA3.1-Ag85A和pcDNA3.1-CD226真核表达质粒转化DH5α感受态大肠杆菌,扩增并提取纯化质粒,用脂质体包裹制成DNA疫苗。经灌胃方式将制备的DNA疫苗接种C57BL/6小鼠,设置Ag85A-CD226疫苗组、Ag85A疫苗组、CD226疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组。采用间接免疫荧光法检测Ag85A和CD226在肠道的表达。采用流式细胞术检测脾CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞和NK细胞的CD226表达。结果 CD226在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组脾脏CD4+T细胞和NK细胞的表达均明显强于Ag85A疫苗组、CD226疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);CD226在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组脾脏CD8+T细胞的表达明显强于Ag85A疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01),与CD226疫苗组相比虽有所增加,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。CD226在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组小肠派氏淋巴结表达明显强于Ag85A疫苗组、CD226疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。Ag85A只在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组和CD226疫苗组小肠固有层表达,且在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组的表达明显强于CD226疫苗组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 Ag85A-CD226 DNA疫苗接种后,CD226在脾淋巴细胞和肠道表达增强,Ag85A在肠道表达增强,CD226的表达增加会增强Ag85A在肠道的表达水平。     

结核杆菌抗原85A与小鼠白细胞介素21共表达DNA疫苗的构建及其免疫效应研究

目的:利用真核表达质粒pRSC,构建结核杆菌抗原85A(Ag85A)与小鼠白细胞介素21(mIL21)共表达重组体pRSC-mIL21-Ag85A,为研究新型结核杆菌DNA疫苗提供新的策略。方法:从质粒pcDNA3.1-mIL21中经PCR扩增出mIL21基因,并插入质粒pRSC中构成pRSC-mIL21;再从pIRES-Ag85A质粒中经PCR扩增出Ag85A基因,构建于pRSC-mIL21重组质粒上,成为共表达DNA疫苗pRSC-mIL21-Ag85A。结果:经酶切、基因测序证实,该疫苗构建正确并能成功表达目的基因。共表达DNA疫苗免疫小鼠后,CTL活性、特异性淋巴细胞增殖水平及小鼠血清特异性抗体均呈有意义的提高。结论:结核杆菌Ag85A与mIL21共表达DNA疫苗能诱导小鼠免疫反应,为进一步研究DNA疫苗抗结核杆菌攻击的免疫防护效应奠定了基础。     

口服脂质体包裹Ag85A DNA疫苗诱导抗体的产生

制备脂质体包裹的Ag85A口服DNA疫苗,并观察小鼠口服后所诱生的抗体产生情况。用脂质体包襄重组质粒pcDNA3．1／mye—HisA—Ag85A制备口服DNA疫苗,并用脂质体包裹空质粒pcDNA3．1／myc—HisA作为对照。将C57BL／6小鼠随机分为3组,即生理盐水组、空质粒组和重组质粒DNA疫苗组。分别将生理盐水、空质粒和重组质粒DNA疫苗以灌胃方式投给各组小鼠,共免疫3次,每次间隔14d,末次免疫后14d处死小鼠,ELISA法检测血清中Ag85A特异性抗体水平,放射免疫法测定肠组织中分泌型IgA（sIgA）含量。重组质粒组血清中Ag85A特异性抗体滴度为1：160,空质粒组和生理盐水组血清中均未捡出Ag85A特异性抗体。重组质粒组肠组织中slgA含量（0．3761±0．0456）μg／mL较空质粒组（0．2374±0．0414）μg／mL和生理盐水（0．1993±0．0899）μg／mL组显著增高（P〈0．05）,而空质粒组和生理盐水组未见有意义的变化（P〉0．05）。口服脂质体包裹Ag85ADNA疫苗可诱导外周特异性抗体的产生和肠道黏膜局部sIgA的水平的升高。     

嗜肺军团菌mip/ctxB融合基因体外表达与动物免疫试验的免疫原性研究

ＰＣＲ扩增嗜肺军团菌mip基因和霍乱弧菌ctxB基因,克隆入载体pcDNA3.1(+),重组子经限制性酶切分析、PCR、序列分析鉴定正确后,命名为pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB.脂质体法将重组质粒pcDNA3.1-mip、pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB转染NIH3T3细胞,用免疫荧光法和蛋白质印迹鉴定瞬时表达和稳定表达产物,结果发现：重组质粒成功转入细胞并获得短暂表达,稳定转染细胞分别在24 ku和35 ku处检测到阳性杂交信号.将pcDNA3.1-mip、pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB作为DNA疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测免疫小鼠体内抗原特异性抗体水平、脾淋巴细胞增殖活性、IFN-γ产生水平、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)杀伤活性等体液免疫和细胞免疫反应的指标,评价疫苗的免疫原性.结果发现：各实验组均检测到免疫原性,pcDNA3.1-mip/ctxB免疫组的免疫原性高于pcDNA3.1-mip免疫组,有显著性差异(P＜0.01).研究结果为mip/ctxB融合基因DNA疫苗的研制提供了初步的实验依据.     

分枝杆菌Ag85A DNA疫苗对膀胱癌小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响

为探讨分枝杆菌Ag85A DNA疫苗能否提高荷膀胱癌小鼠保护性免疫应答水平,将1×10^6个MBT-2细胞注射于C3H/HeN小鼠的右侧背部皮内,待肿瘤长至直径约5～8 mm时,将动物随机分成实验组、空质粒组和空白对照组3组,分别于小鼠双侧股四头肌内注射Ag85A-V1 Jns.tPA质粒,V1 Jns.tPA质粒总量0.1 mL（100μg）,或生理盐水0.1 mL,每14 d 1次,共3次,末次免疫后第14天分别检测T细胞亚群数量、NK细胞活性、FasL mRNA表达情况、淋巴细胞增殖水平及肿瘤重量。结果显示,实验组较空白质粒组和空白对照组免疫指标均无明显增高（P〉0.05）,提示肌肉注射Ag85A DNA疫苗不能明显提高荷瘤小鼠免疫功能。     

真核表达编码Ag85A基因重组体的构建

抗原85复合体（Ag85）是BCG合成的能够刺激机体产生细胞免疫和体液免疫的多种成分之一,Ag85A是抗原85复合体组成成分之一,可显著刺激细胞免疫功能增强。为研究经口接种Ag85A的DNA疫苗的免疫效应,根据结核分枝杆菌Ag85A的基因序列自行设计了一对PCR引物,以人型结核杆菌H37Rv标准毒力株的DNA为模板,经过PCR扩增出Ag85A目的基因,纯化PCR产物TA克隆入载体pUCm-T载体,蓝白斑筛选将回收的PCR产物用限制性核酸内切酶Xhol和BamHI双酶酶切后,经T4DNA连接酶作用,与真核表达载体pCDNA3．1^＋连接,筛选得到的阳性克隆经DNA测序鉴定证实为Ag85A基因,且被克隆到载体pCDNA3．1^＋中的CMV启动子的下游,成功构建并鉴定的真核表达载体pCDNA3．1^＋携带Ag85A基因的重组体,命名为pCDNA3．1^＋／Ag85A。将其转化大肠埃希菌并使之大量扩增,并采用无内毒素提取质粒方法收集此重组质粒DNA．即为可经口途径喂饲小鼠的结核杆菌Ag85A的DNA疫苗,为口服DNA疫苗的临床应用研究奠定基础。     

西方马脑炎核酸疫苗表达载体构建及免疫原性研究

为构建西方马脑炎病毒(western equine encephalomyelitis virus,WEEV)结构基因C-E3-E2-6k-E1重组真核表达载体,并研究其作为核酸疫苗的免疫原性.采用PCR方法扩增目的基因,酶切之后连接到pcDNA3.1上构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-C-E,用酶切和测序分析方法鉴定正确后,重组质粒被转染到293T细胞,经电镜检测和间接免疫荧光方法证明基因可以表达后,用该重组质粒免疫小鼠,免疫后检测实验组小鼠外周血中CD4+T细胞/CD8+T细胞比例和血清中细胞因子IL-2、IL-4及IFN-γ浓度,以上实验组各项免疫指标与对照组相比差异均显著(P＜ 0.05);ELISA方法检测实验组小鼠血清中WEEV的IgG抗体效价是1∶16.研究结果表明重组质粒pcDNA3.1-C-E可在细胞中获得瞬时表达,并且重组质粒作为核酸疫苗能够刺激小鼠产生免疫反应,具有较强免疫原性,为今后WEEV核酸疫苗研制奠定了良好基础.     

表达CRT/E7融合蛋白的人乳头瘤病毒DNA疫苗对肿瘤生长和血管生成抑制作用的研究

研究HPV6b E7/CRT DNA疫苗免疫保护,清除已有感染和相关肿瘤细胞及其血管生成抑制作用,分析CRT抗血管生成的功能片段,为筛选高效的HPV疫苗提供实验依据。用重组质粒pcDNA3.1( )-GFP-CRT120/HPV6bE7、pcDNA3.1( )-GFP-HPV6bE7、pcDNA3.1( )-GFP-CRT120、pcDNA3.1( )-GFP-CRT180/HPV6bE7、pcDNA3.1( )-GFP-CRT180通过肌内注射途径免疫C57BL/6小鼠。Matrigel法进行抗血管活性检测;B16/HPV6bE7细胞接种于C57BL/6雌性小鼠建立荷瘤模型,观察各组DNA疫苗对HPV6bE7基因的荷瘤组织的出瘤时间和肿瘤大小的影响。结果显示:重组DNA疫苗pcDNA3.1-CRT180/HPV6bE7和pcDNA3.1-CRT180在动物体内能对bFGF诱导的新生血管的生成有明显的抑制作用;CRT180/HPV6bE7和CRT180能显著抑制荷瘤的大小且CRT180/HPV6bE7免疫组较其他组能明显延缓荷瘤的形成时间、生长速率以及肿瘤重量。CRT180/HPV6bE7免疫组较其他组能诱导更强的血管抑制作用和部分抑制肿瘤生长,推测抑制血管的功能片段存在于CRT 120~180 aa片段上。     

Ag85A真核表达重组体的构建及稳定转染细胞系的建立

构建结核杆菌抗原85A（AgS5A）的真核表达重组体,转染L929细胞,建立稳定转染细胞系。从质粒V1 Jns．tPA—Ag85A中经PCR扩增出Ag85A基因,利用DNA重组技术将其插入到真核表达载体peDNA3．1／myc—HisA中,经酶切和测序鉴定后,脂质体转染法转染L929细胞,通过G418选择培养,建立稳定转染细胞系,Western Blot检测Ag85A的表达。成功构建pcDNA3．1／mye—HisA—Ag85A真核表达载体并稳定转染L929细胞,成功表达了目的基因。为进一步研究Ag85ADNA疫苗对结核杆菌的免疫防护作用奠定了基础。     

Cpn0308基因真核载体构建及鉴定

目的:构建Cpn0308基因真核表达重组质粒,为肺炎衣原体(Chlamydia pneumoniae,Cpn)核酸疫苗的研制做准备。方法:用PCR技术从Cpn AR39株基因组DNA中扩增Cpn 0308基因,经双酶切、连接等反应,重组入pcDNA3.1/HisA真核表达载体,转化到感受态细胞,再经含氨苄青霉素的LB培养基筛选,酶切、PCR扩增及测序鉴定。结果:从Cpn AR39株基因组DNA中扩增出特异的Cpn 0308基因,约400bp;酶切、重组、转化、筛选鉴定出pcDNA3.1/HisA-Cpn0308重组质粒;序列测定证实与GenBank登录的肺炎衣原体Cpn AR39株Cpn0308基因一致。结论:功地构建了pcDNA3.1/HisA-Cpn0308重组质粒,为肺炎衣原体核酸疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

MAGE-3 DNA疫苗的构建及其免疫效果的观察

通过RT PCR方法扩增MAGE 3cDNA ,以pcDNA3 1+为载体 ,构建重组表达质粒pcDNA3 1 MAGE 3。重组质粒用脂质体转染鼠B16细胞 ,经RT PCR、细胞免疫染色及免疫印迹法鉴定转化细胞中MAGE 3的表达。以 10 0 μg质粒剂量肌肉注射接种小鼠 ,间隔 10天 ,共 3次 ,以空载体和PBS为对照。结果 ,重组质粒免疫的小鼠 ,其脾淋巴细胞对MAGE 3阳性靶细胞的杀伤活性为 51 0 8± 7 41% ,与空载体组 (8 44± 1 89% )及PBS组 (5 76± 1 75% )相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ,而对MAGE 3阴性靶细胞的杀伤活性分别为 8 2 1± 1 65% ,7 68± 1 56%和 5 13±1 42 % ,其差异无显著性 ;MAGE 3DNA疫苗组免疫血清 1∶15稀释时能检测到抗MAGE 3抗体 ,脾细胞培养上清中Th1类细胞因子IFN γ、IL 2水平明显升高 ,外周血中CD4+、CD8+T细胞也提高 ,小鼠肿瘤的生长速度明显减慢 ,与对照组相比 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 1)。说明MAGE 3重组质粒免疫小鼠可以诱导小鼠产生特异性的体液和细胞免疫应答     

Investigation of DNA integration into reproductive organs following intramuscular injection of DNA in mice

Background:

DNA immunization with plasmid DNA encoding bacterial, viral, parasitic, and tumor antigens has been reported to trigger protective immunity. The use of plasmid DNA vaccinations against many diseases has produced promising results in animal and human clinical trials; however, safety concerns about the use of DNA vaccines exist, such as the possibility of integration into the host genome, and elicitation of adverse immune responses.

Methods:

In this study, we examined the potential integration and bio-distribution of pcDNA3.1+PA, a new vaccine candidate with GenBank accession # {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"EF550208","term_id":"147743335","term_text":"EF550208"}}EF550208, encoding the PA63 gene, in reproductive organs of mice; ovaries and uterus in female, and testis in male. Animals of both sexes were injected intramuscularly with pcDNA3.1+PA. Host genome integration and tissue distribution were examined using PCR and RT-PCR two times monthly for six months.

Results:

RT-PCR confirmed that pcDNA3.1+PA was not integrated into the host genome and did not enter reproductive organs.

Conclusions:

This finding has important implications for the use of pcDNA3.1+PA plasmid as a vaccine and opens new perspectives in the DNA vaccine area.Key Words: DNA, Intramuscular injection, Integration, Mice, Reproductive organs     

The Effect of Bovine IFN-α on the Immune Response in Guinea Pigs Vaccinatedwith DNA Vaccine of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) belongs to thegenus Aphthovirus of the family Picornavidae. The FMDVgenome is a copy of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA,which contains one large open reading frame (ORF). TheORF is translated into a polypeptide, which undergoesautoproteolytic cleavage to produce the structural and non-structural proteins and ultimately forms mature viral pro-teins [1,2]. FMD is caused by the FMDV, which is a highly conta-gious vesicular disease of cloven-hoofe…     

Novel adjuvant for immunization against tuberculosis: DNA vaccine expressing <Emphasis Type="Italic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</Emphasis> antigen 85A and interleukin-15 fusion product elicits strong immune responses in mice

Objectives

To investigate the potential of interleukin (IL)-15 as a novel adjuvant for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigen 85A (Ag85A) vaccine.

Results

C57BL/6 mice were intramuscularly immunized three times with a plasmid expressing the Ag85A-IL-15 fusion protein (pcDNA3.1-Ag85A-IL-15), with the empty pcDNA3.1 vector and the pcDNA3.1-Ag85A as control. Mice vaccinated with pcDNA3.1-Ag85A-IL-15 generated more secretory IgA (sIgA) into their lung (209 ± 21 μg/ml) and acquired an enhanced serum IgG response to Ag85A. IgG2a/IgG1 ratios were upregulated, natural killer cell activity was augmented and Ag85A-specific splenic T cell proliferation was enhanced in these mice as well. Vaccination with pcDNA3.1-Ag85A-IL-15 promoted the polarization of CD4⁺ T cells towards a Th1 type in the spleen, and significantly upregulated the serum level of interferon (IFN)-γ (458 ± 98 pg/ml), a typical Th1 cytokine. IFN-γ-expressing CD8⁺ cells were also increased in the spleen after pcDNA3.1-Ag85A-IL-15 immunization.

Conclusions

A superior immune type I response in mice vaccinated with plasmid Ag85A-IL-15 has been achieved.