VKC患儿与正常儿童泪液中细胞因子表达的比较

目的:比较VKC患儿与正常儿童泪液中细胞因子白细胞介素-4(IL-4),白细胞介素-5(IL-5)和白细胞介素-13(IL-13)的表达量的变化,以及分析两组之间有无统计学差异。方法:收集10例春季角结膜炎(VKC)患儿与16例正常受试者(CT)的泪液;采用液体芯片技术测量两组泪液中IL-4,IL-5,IL-13的浓度,使用U检验来比较两组之间的差异有无统计学意义。结果:VKC组泪液中IL-4的浓度为1.09±0.73 pg/mL,IL-5的浓度为1.68±1.43 pg/mL,IL-13的浓度为1.90±1.59 pg/mL;与正常受试者(CT)相比,明显升高,两组之间比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:分析VKC患儿泪液中的细胞因子在了解VKC的发病机制中可能可以起到重要的作用,以及可以提供新的治疗方向。     

Role of lactoferrin in the tear film

The surface of the eye provides an inert barrier against infection. Through its unique combination of antimicrobial action and anti-inflammatory activities lactoferrin (Lf) in the tear film plays an important role in the maintenance of ocular health. In order to maintain clarity the eye must provide immunological defense without immunopathology. Along with physical barriers, soluble plasma factors and other proteins such as lysozyme, Lf produced by the acinar cells of the lacrimal gland serves a number of roles in defense for this purpose. Lf in tears provides antimicrobial efficacy by binding free iron thus reducing the availability of iron necessary for microbial growth and survival as well as pathogenesis. Lf has been shown to inhibit biofilm formation and thus may play a role in protecting contact lens surfaces from colonization. Virus particles' entry into epithelial cells is inhibited by Lf while an excess of Lf in tear film is thought to limit the opportunistic Lf-mediated bridging of adenovirus and host cell that occurs in other tissues. Lf dampens the classical complement activation pathway by binding to markers of inflammation and immune activation while pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are targeted by Lf for removal through tears and hydrodynamic flushing. This review focuses on the role of Lf in human tear film and its contribution to ocular health during contact lens wear.     

VKC患儿与正常儿童泪液中细胞因子表达的比较

目的：比较VKC患儿与正常儿童泪液中细胞因子白细胞介素-4（IL-4）,白细胞介素-5（IL-5）和白细胞介素-13（IL-13）的表达量的变化,以及分析两组之间有无统计学差异。方法：收集10例春季角结膜炎（VKC）患儿与16例正常受试者（CT）的泪液;采用液体芯片技术测量两组泪液中IL-4,IL-5,IL-13的浓度,使用U检验来比较两组之间的差异有无统计学意义。结果：VKC组泪液中IL-4的浓度为1.09±0.73 pg/mL,IL-5的浓度为1.68±1.43 pg/mL,IL-13的浓度为1.90±1.59 pg/mL;与正常受试者（CT）相比,明显升高,两组之间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：分析VKC患儿泪液中的细胞因子在了解VKC的发病机制中可能可以起到重要的作用,以及可以提供新的治疗方向。     

Absolute quantification of human tear lactoferrin using multiple reaction monitoring technique with stable-isotopic labeling

The mass spectrometry technique of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to quantify and compare the expression level of lactoferrin in tear films among control, prostate cancer (CaP), and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) groups. Tear samples from 14 men with CaP, 15 men with BPH, and 14 controls were analyzed in the study. Collected tears (2 μl) of each sample were digested with trypsin overnight at 37 °C without any pretreatment, and tear lactoferrin was quantified using a lactoferrin-specific peptide, VPSHAVVAR, both using natural/light and isotopic-labeled/heavy peptides with MRM. The average tear lactoferrin concentration was 1.01 ± 0.07 μg/μl in control samples, 0.96 ± 0.07 μg/μl in the BPH group, and 0.98 ± 0.07 μg/μl in the CaP group. Our study is the first to quantify tear proteins using a total of 43 individual (non-pooled) tear samples and showed that direct digestion of tear samples is suitable for MRM studies. The calculated average lactoferrin concentration in the control group matched that in the published range of human tear lactoferrin concentration measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the lactoferrin was stably expressed across all of the samples, with no significant differences being observed among the control, BPH, and CaP groups.     

薏苡茎总碱抗氧化性研究

目的：研究薏苡茎总碱的抗氧化性.方法：用超声辅助法（以75％乙醇作为溶剂）和减压蒸发辅助法（利用旋转蒸发仪）提取薏苡茎总碱;用普鲁士法测定其对Fe3＋的还原能力;用紫外分光光度法测定其清除DPPH自由基的能力、清除超氧自由基的能力、用丁基羟基茴香醚（butylated hydroxylanisole,BHA）作对照测定其对Fe2＋的螯合能力.结果：薏苡茎总碱有较强的还原Fe3＋的能力、清除DPPH自由基的能力、清除超氧自由基的能力、螯合金属离子Fe2＋的能力.结论：薏苡茎总碱具有较强的抗氧化性.     

富贵草组织结构特征的研究

报道了富贵草Ｈｅｒｂａ Ｐａｃｈｙｓａｎｄｒａ ｔｅｒｍｉｎａｌｉｓ的极、根茎、叶和花的组织结构特征,为准确鉴别该药材及为本属植物的系统分类提供了依据。     

Ancient bone disease in a Peruvian mummy revealed by quantitative skeletal histomorphometry

Histomorphometry of an undecalcified, transileal bone core from a Peruvian mummy dating from the pre-Columbian civilization at Chancay, Peru (A.D. 400–1600) showed low trabecular bone volume and trabecular atrophy suggesting skeletal pathology. Subtle metabolic disorders which might remain undetected by quantitative analyses limited to cortical bone architecture can be identified in extinct populations with this minimally invasive technique.     

Histological analysis of undecalcified thin sections of archeological bone

Archeological bone often lends itself to histological analysis. Sections from bone samples approximately one thousand years old may show as much structural preservation as those only a few hundred years old; hence, it appears that the degree of preservation is not necessarily affected by time. Enough structure may be preserved to permit the diagnosis of metabolic disorders of bone which might go undetected by other methods. This type of analysis can be utilized to accept or reject individual remains suspected of being pathological on the basis of other, less precise diagnostic techniques.     

开口箭属五种植物叶的组织学研究

采集开口箭属五种植物的新鲜叶片,对其叶片解剖结构特征和叶下表皮细胞微形态进行了研究。     

绘图技能在组织胚胎学实验教学中的重要性

组织学与胚胎学是一门医学基础学科,是医学生进入医学大门首次接触的专业课程。这门课程主要研究人体微细结构及相关功能关系。属形态学科;而形态描述最有效,最直接,最容易让人理解的方式就是绘图。通过绘图的方式不仅可以巩固理论所学知识,更能把抽象的东西直观化。因此,在教学过程中要注重对学生绘图技能培养。     

KOM—段式种植体即刻种植的动物实验研究

目的:观察KOM一段式种植体即刻种植骨愈合过程,探索即刻种植的可行性。材料与方法:将6只狗分3组分别作实验。每组2只动物行KOM一段式种植体即刻种植愈合过程观察;动物分别于术后1、2、3个月各处死2只行大体标本观察、X线片、光镜、扫描电镜观察;结果:KOM一段式种植体即刻种植可以达到骨性愈合。结论:1、KOM一段式种植体的即刻种植是一种临床可行的种植方式。2、即刻中植时种植体与骨组织之间的骨间隙是否充填生物替代材料,除了考虑种植体周围骨间隙的大小,还要考虑种植体的初期稳定性。     

内皮抑素对眼部新生血管抑制的研究进展

眼部新生血管存在于多种常见的眼病的发展过程中,对视功能危害大,是致盲的主要原因之一。包括糖尿病视网膜病变,视网膜栓塞,早产儿视网膜病变,老年性黄斑变性等眼病。由于其发病机制尚未完全清楚,因此目前仍无确切有效的药物治疗方法。内皮抑素（Endostatin,ES）是1997年首先从小鼠血管内皮瘤EOMA细胞培养上清中发现的,是胶原xⅧ的蛋白降解产物,分子质量约为20KD,为胶原xⅧc端非胶原区（NCl）内的184个氨基酸片段。ES是目前发现的最强的血管生成抑制因子,可抑制VEGF,bFGF,EGF等刺激的血管内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,诱导其凋亡,进而抑制新生血管的形成。通过抑制眼部新生血管的实验研究表明,ES是当前抗新生血管疗法中最有潜力的一种新药。本文就内皮抑素的结构特点及其对眼部新生血管的治疗研究进展作一综述。     

内皮抑素对眼部新生血管抑制的研究进展

眼部新生血管存在于多种常见的眼病的发展过程中,对视功能危害大,是致盲的主要原因之一。包括糖尿病视网膜病变,视网膜栓塞,早产儿视网膜病变,老年性黄斑变性等眼病。由于其发病机制尚未完全清楚,因此目前仍无确切有效的药物治疗方法。内皮抑素(Endostatin,ES)是1997年首先从小鼠血管内皮瘤EOMA细胞培养上清中发现的,是胶原XⅧ的蛋白降解产物,分子质量约为20KD,为胶原XⅧC端非胶原区(NC1)内的184个氨基酸片段。ES是目前发现的最强的血管生成抑制因子,可抑制VEGF,bFGF,EGF等刺激的血管内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,诱导其凋亡,进而抑制新生血管的形成。通过抑制眼部新生血管的实验研究表明,ES是当前抗新生血管疗法中最有潜力的一种新药。本文就内皮抑素的结构特点及其对眼部新生血管的治疗研究进展作一综述。     

Phospholipases A2 in ocular homeostasis and diseases

Phospholipases A₂ (PLA₂s) and its generation of second messengers play an important role in signal transduction, cell proliferation, cell survival and gene expression. At low concentrations mediators of PLA₂ activity have a variety of physiological effects whereas high levels of PLA₂ and its metabolites are generated during pathological conditions. The eye is an immunoprivileged organ with tight barriers and a complex interplay among various cell types. Overall, vision is a complex process which requires a clear corneal surface and lens, and thereby a clear pathway through the eye into the retina. In the retina the photoreceptors transmit light into neuronal signals that are finally transferred to the brain to perceive an image. Growing knowledge of a role of PLA₂ in ocular diseases appears and the present review aims to summarize the vast literature on PLA₂ in the normal eye as well as during pathological conditions.     

西藏小型猪肾脏应用组织学特点

目的研究西藏小型猪肾脏的组织结构,为其在生物医药领域中的应用提供形态学依据。方法取西藏小型猪肾脏标本投入10%中性福尔马林溶液固定24 h以上,修块,冲洗,脱水,透明,包埋,常规石蜡切片,HE染色,光镜观察拍照。结果西藏小型猪的肾与人肾一样呈长而扁的菜豆形,是表面光滑的多乳头肾,肾的表面有致密的结缔组织构成的被膜,肾实质可分为皮质和髓质,由数百万个肾单位和泌尿小管组成,其间由少量结缔组织、血管和神经等构成肾间质。结论西藏小型猪的肾脏结构比犬和猴更接近于人类,在异种器官移植、药物临床前安全性评价等生物医药领域中具有重要应用前景。     

猫儿山小鲵肝的组织结构

通过常规石蜡切片技术对2例猫儿山小鲵(Hynobius maoershanens)肝进行组织学观察。结果显示,猫儿山小鲵肝分为两叶,右叶稍大于左叶。肝组织结构主要由被膜、中央静脉、门管区和肝细胞组成。门管区的小叶间静脉和小叶间胆管清晰可见,但小叶间动脉不易观察。肝内结缔组织少,肝小叶之间界限不清。肝细胞索围绕中央静脉呈放射状排列,但放射状不明显。肝实质中含有大量清晰可见的棕黑色色素团,可能与此物种对低氧环境的适应有关。     

延龄草生药学研究

延龄草是民间治疗眩晕头痛、高血压和神经衰弱的有效药物。本文叙述了延龄草的原植物、药材(带根根茎——地珠、果实——天珠)性状、组织结构及粉末等特征,为该药的鉴别提供了依据。此外,还对延龄草的茎、叶和花等显微结构进行了较为详细的研究和报道。故本文对延龄草属(Trillium L. )植物组织学的研究有一定的参考价值。