Serum Selenium,Vitamin E,and Sialic Acids Concentrations in Lambs with White Muscle Disease

The aim of this study was to determine the serum concentrations of selenium, vitamin E, and total- and lipid-bound sialic acid (LBSA) in lambs with white muscle disease (WMD) before and after treatment with a commercial preparation containing selenite and vitamin E. Fifteen lambs with WMD and ten control animals were used as research materials. Blood samples were collected from both groups before- and 1 month after treatment for Se analysis by fluorimetry, whereas vitamin E and sialic acid were measured by HPLC and spectrophotometry, respectively. Compared to controls, in the diseased animals, there was a significant increase of serum total sialic acid (TSA) and LBSA, together with significant decreases of serum Se and vitamin E concentrations (p < 0.001). One month after treatment, a reversal of trend was observed with decreases of TSA and LBSA and increases of Se and vitamin E concentrations. The TSA and LBSA levels, however, remained significantly higher than those of the controls, p < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively. The Se and vitamin E concentrations of the treated animals were the same as those of controls. This is the first study on total and LBSA concentrations in lambs with WMD, showing that these markers can be used in the prognosis of the disease.     

Effects of Selenium with Vitamin E and Melatonin on Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Liver and Kidneys

The present study was performed to determine the protective effects of melatonin alone and vitamin E with selenium combination against cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rat liver. A total of 60 male rats were equally divided into five groups, one of which acted as control receiving subcutaneous injections of physiological saline. The remaining four groups were treated with subcutaneous injections of cadmium chloride at a dose of 1 mg/kg weight. The first study group received no treatment. The second group was treated with a combination of 60 mg/kg vitamin E and 1 mg/kg sodium selenite. Group 3 was treated with 10 mg/kg melatonin, and the four group received a combination of vitamin E, sodium selenite, and melatonin at the doses mentioned above. After 1 month, the animals were killed, and liver and kidneys were excised for histopathological inspection and determination of tissue malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase. The animals receiving no treatment showed significantly higher malondialdehyde levels and reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (p < 0.05). Treatment with antioxidants resulted in a significant reduction in malondialdehyde when compared to nontreated animals (p < 0.05) and increase in the enzyme activity that was almost the same as the controls. The pathological findings were also in parallel with the results of the biochemical analysis. In conclusion, all the agents tested had protective effects against cadmium-induced oxidative damage.     

Vitamin E supplementation for the ruminant

Vitamin E is essential for such body functions as growth, reproduction, prevention of various diseases, and for integrity of tissues. The most significantly important result of selenium and vitamin E deficiency is tissue degeneration (e.g. white muscle disease). Vitamin E does not cross the placenta in any appreciable amounts; however, it is concentrated in colostrum. Supplemental vitamin E can greatly increase colostral tocopherol. The importance of providing colostrum rich in vitamin E is essential as both calves and lambs are born with low levels of the vitamin. Vitamin E has been shown to increase performance of feedlot cattle and to increase immune response for ruminant health, including being beneficial for mastitis control. Vitamin E given to finishing cattle at higher than National Research Council (NRC) requirements dramatically maintained the red color (oxymyoglobin) compared with the oxidized metmyoglobin of beef. It appears that supplementation of 500 IU vitamin E per head daily for 84–126 days yields tissue -tocopherol that would maintain a favorable level of oxymyoglobin in meat, thus increasing its value. Vitamin E nutritional status is commonly estimated from plasma concentration, with a high correlation between plasma and liver levels of -tocopherol. The NRC estimates for vitamin E requirements of beef cattle, dairy cattle and sheep to range from 15 to 40 mg kg⁻¹; however, higher levels will likely improve performance, and megadose levels will improve carcass quality.     

Topotecan Treatment and Its Toxic Effects on Hematologic Parameters and Trace Elements

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of topotecan, a topoisomerase I-inhibiting anticancer agent, on hematologic parameters and serum levels of trace elements. The study was conducted on three groups consisting of 16 and 18 rabbits in the study groups and 15 rabbits in the control group. Rabbits in group I (n = 16) received high-dose topotecan intravenously (i.v.; 0.5 mg/kg once daily), while rabbits in group II (n = 18) received low-dose topotecan i.v. (0.25 mg/kg once daily) for 3 days. The 15 rabbits comprising the control group did not receive topotecan. Serum samples were collected from each rabbit on the first day, before the treatment, and on the 15th day of treatment. Erithrocytes, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, thrombocyte count, and trace elements such as selenium, copper, lead, zinc, and cobalt were analyzed. Hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte counts were lower in both study groups than in the control group. However, thrombocyte and leukocyte counts were similar in all three groups (p > 0.005). Serum trace element levels (copper, lead, zinc, and cobalt) did not differ significantly between groups. However, serum selenium levels were significantly lower in both study groups than the control group (p < 0.001). The results revealed that topotecan treatment causes a decrease in erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin levels due to bone marrow suppression, and these effects must be taken into account during treatment. In addition, selenium supplementation might be helpful in cancer patients receiving topotecan to increase the effect of the chemotherapeutic agent.     

Serum concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo and Co in newborn lambs following systemic administration of Vitamin E and selenium to the pregnant ewes

This study was conducted to determine the effects of systemic administration of Vitamin E and selenium to pregnant ewes at the late stage of gestation on serum concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo and Co in their offspring's. Pregnant Lori–Bakhtiari ewes (n = 14) were randomly assigned to receive Vitamin E and selenium (treatment group; n = 7) or distilled water (control group; n = 7), once 3 weeks and again 1 week before parturition. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein of lambs at parturition and once a week during the 4 week of age. Serum concentration of Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo and Co was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometery.

At parturition, serum concentration of Cu, Zn, Mo and Co were identical in lambs of both groups, while the serum concentration of Fe (mean ± S.E.) was significantly higher in lambs of control (210.83 ± 9.05 μg/dl) than treatment group (140.71 ± 17.8 μg/dl).

From parturition to the forth weeks of age the serum concentrations of Fe and Cu were increased (P < 0.05) in lambs of treated group which was concomitant with a reduction in Zn concentration.

In conclusion, increase in serum concentrations of Cu and Fe during the first 4 weeks of age in lambs of ewes given vitamin E and selenium compound, could disturb the Zn:Cu and Zn:Fe ratios which in turn lead to zinc deficiency.     

Vitamin E Concentrations in the Brains and Some Selected Peripheral Tissues of Selenium-Deficient and Vitamin E-Deficient Mice

Abstract: Weanling male CD-1 mice were fed control, vitamin E-deficient or selenium-deficient diets for periods of 12 to 20 weeks. α-Tocopherol concentrations in plasma, liver, and testes, as well as in three specific areas in the brain (cerebral hemisphere, cerebellum, and medulla plus pons) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Significant concentrations of α-tocopherol were found in all brain samples from vitamin E-deficient animals long after the peripheral tissues were depleted, indicating that brain is more resistant to vitamin E deficiency than peripheral tissues. Cerebellar concentrations of α-tocopherol were consistently lower than those of cerebral hemisphere and medulla-pons. Further more, the cerebellar α-tocopherol concentration sustained a larger decline than the other two brain areas within 6 weeks of vitamin E deficiency treatment. These and other data suggest that cerebellum may be more susceptible to damage from vitamin E deficiency than other parts of the brain. Selenium deficiency did not affect brain a-tocopherol concentrations during the 12 weeks of the study.     

The Effects of Whole Body Cell Phone Exposure on the T1 Relaxation Times and Trace Elements in the Serum of Rats

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted from cellular phones on: (1) trace elements such as manganese, iron, copper, zinc, (2) T1 relaxation times in serum, and (3) rectal temperature of rats exposed to microwave radiation emitted from cellular phones. Sixteen Spraque–Dawley rats were separated into two groups of eight, one sham-exposed (control) and one exposed (experimental). The rats were confined in Plexiglas cages and a cellular phone was placed 0.5 cm under the cage. For the experimental group, cellular phones were activated 20 min per day, 7 days a week, for 1 month. For the control group, a cellular phone placed beneath the cage for 20 min a day was turned off. Rectal temperatures were measured weekly. For 250-mW-radiated powers, the whole body average specified absorption rate (SAR) (rms) is 0.52 W/kg and 1-g-averaged peak SAR (rms) is 3.13 W/kg. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical comparisons of groups. T1 relaxation time and the values of iron and copper in the serum of the experimental group were not changed compared to the control group (p > 0.05). However, manganese and zinc values in the serum of the experimental group were significantly different from the control group (p < 0.05). The difference in rectal temperature measured before and after exposure in the experimental groups was not statistically different from control (p > 0.05).     

微量元素对大肠杆菌生长和乙酸生成的影响研究

大肠杆菌DA19的代谢特性与培养基中添加微量元素有较大的关系。在基本培养基中,当氮源限制时,添加微量元素可以在一定程度上改善DA19菌体的生长,提高菌体得率YX/G,大大减少乙酸的生成;当氮源充分时,与不添加微量元素相比,DA19在添加微量元素后,菌体浓度大大增加,虽然葡萄糖消耗速率加快,但产乙酸仍然很少,只有不添加时的13％,YX/G提高至少60％。基本培养基中添加0.1～1mL/L的微量元素混合溶液对DA19菌体生长、乙酸生成及葡萄糖消耗没有显著影响。在单独添加不同种类的微量元素时, BO33-、Zn2+、MoO42+、Cu2+没有特别明显的影响,Al3+会抑制菌体生长和葡萄糖利用,而Co2+、Mn2+、Fe2+可以改善细胞生长,特别是添加Fe2+时,细胞生长及乙酸生成等培养结果与添加微量元素混合溶液几乎相同。     

血清维生素D及微量元素检测对肺炎患儿的临床意义

目的:探讨肺炎患儿血清维生素D及微量元素监测的临床意义。方法:选取我院2015年1月-2016年1月收治的600例肺炎患儿为观察组及同期来我院体检的健康儿童400例为对照组,检测两组受试儿童的维生素D、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁水平。结果:观察组患儿锌、铁缺乏比例均明显高于健康儿童(P0.05),两组钙、铜、镁缺乏比例相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组1岁以下(包括1岁,婴儿期)、1-3岁(包括3岁,幼儿期)、3-6岁(包括6岁,学龄前)患儿体内锌、铁含量明显低于同年龄段健康儿童(P0.05),各组钙、铜、镁含量相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组受试儿童体内25-羟基维生素D含量及其缺乏情况相比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:锌和铁缺乏可能与儿童肺炎的发生发展具有一定的关系,及时补充锌和铁有助于提高患儿免疫力,促进患儿恢复。     

血脂代谢指标及血清维生素A、E水平与子痫前期的相关性分析

目的:探讨血脂代谢指标及血清维生素A、E水平与子痫前期的相关性。方法:选取2016年12月至2017年12月期间来我院产检及住院分娩的722例妊娠妇女,选取94例子痫前期的妊娠妇女作为A组,其中轻度子痫前期32例作为A1组,重度子痫前期62例作为A2组,并从剩余的628例正常妊娠者中选取126例自愿参与本研究的妊娠妇女作为B组。收集并记录妊娠妇女的临床指标,包括入院时的孕周、孕次、产次、流产次数、血脂代谢指标、血清维生素A、E水平,分析血脂代谢指标、血清维生素A、E水平与子痫前期的相关性。结果:三组孕妇总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、载脂蛋白A(ApoA)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、维生素A、维生素E水平整体比较差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05);A1组、A2组的TC、TG、LDL、HDL、ApoA、ApoB、维生素A、维生素E水平与B组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),A2组TG、LDL高于A1组,而维生素A、维生素E水平低于A1组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,TC、TG、LDL、ApoB水平与子痫前期呈正相关(r=0.214,0.432,0.517,0.226,P=0.012,0.008,0.005,0.012),HDL、ApoA、维生素A、维生素E水平与子痫前期呈负相关(r=-0.282,-0.357,-0.539,-1.217,P=0.010,0.009,0.003,0.000)。结论:血脂代谢指标、维生素A、维生素E水平在子痫前期孕妇中表达异常,且这些指标与子痫前期密切相关,应重视妊娠期孕妇的血脂代谢指标、维生素A、维生素E水平的监测,并控制其水平,从而有效防治子痫前期。     

维生素E和硒对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病解偶联蛋白2及相关因子表达的影响

采用高脂饮食诱导大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝病模型,分别给予维生素E、亚硒酸钠或两者合用干预5周,检测血清中甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)水平、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力;观察肝脏病理变化,检测肝组织UCP2mRNA与蛋白表达情况;从而探讨维生素E和硒对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肝脏解偶联蛋白2(UCP2)及相关因子的影响。结果显示,维生素E和硒两者合用组大鼠血清中TG、TC含量明显降低,SOD活力升高显著,肝组织中UCP2mRNA与蛋白表达下调明显。上述结果表明维生素E和硒合用降低氧自由基和脂质过氧化物的生成,下调UCP2表达水平的效果最好。     

Effect of Vitamin E on Serum Aminotransferase and Thioredoxin Levels in Patients with Viral Hepatitis C

Objectives: Oxidative stress induces cellular responses such as cell death, gene activation and cell proliferation, in the liver. Vitamin E (Vit. E) has been found to protect the liver against oxidative stress in animal experiments. Thioredoxin (TRX) is a stress inducible, multifunctional protein, secreted during oxidative stress. This study evaluated effects of Vit. E on serum TRX and aminotransferase levels in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients, partly non-responsive to initial interferon (IFN), with higher than average level of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) after receiving anti-inflammatory drug treatment. Methods: Seventeen HCV patients (male=3; female=14) of age 62±7.65 years receiving anti-inflammatory drug therapy, at least 6 months prior to Vit. E administration, were given d-α´-tocopherol 500?mg/day, orally, for a period of 3 months. ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), TRX and Vit. E were measured at 0, 1, 2 and 3 months and 1 month after end of treatment. As controls, the same patients biochemical data, 3 months from the start of therapy were used. Patients were divided into three categories: total patients “T”, low ALT group “L” (ALT<70?IU/l) and high ALT group “H”(ALT>70?IU/l), respectively.Results: The ALT level was lowered, significantly in group H, in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 1-month post therapy, compared to the initial value. But group L showed little or no change in ALT. Post Vit. E therapy, in groups T and H, the TRX level was elevated but remained below initial levels, whereas in group L, TRX level remained significantly lower than the pretreatment value. Groups T and L, showed significant reduction (p<0.05) in serum TRX levels in the 2nd and 3rd month. Group H showed a tendency towards TRX reduction, but not significantly. Serum Vit. E levels increased significantly (p<0.0001) from the 1st to 3rd month in all three T, H and L groups. Conclusion: Oxidative stress induced liver damage is reduced by Vit. E in patients with viral hepatitis C, particularly those with initial ALT levels >70?IU/l. Vit. E treatment causes reduction of oxidative stress markers as TRX and ALT in sera. Therefore, Vit. E can act as a supportive therapy to combat liver damage caused by oxidative stress, in such patients with continuously high levels of ALT even after anti-viral and anti-inflammatory drug therapy.     

维生素E对2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英急性染毒小鼠卵巢内分泌及其结构的影响

为研究维生素E对2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英(TCDD)染毒小鼠生殖内分泌功能和卵巢的影响,设计了急性染毒实验。将24只4-5周龄的健康雌性小鼠(Mus musculus)随机分为对照组、TCDD(30μg/kg)染毒组和染毒同时给予100mg/kg维生素E组3组。通过放射免疫法测定小鼠血浆孕酮、雌二醇含量的变化,显微镜下计数卵泡数量并观察其形态变化。结果表明,TCDD能导致小鼠血浆孕酮含量的降低及卵巢结构的紊乱、卵泡数量的减少。100mg/kg的维生素E能明显对抗急性TCDD染毒引起的雌鼠孕酮含量和卵泡数量降低,缓解TCDD引起的小鼠卵巢形态结构的病变;TCDD染毒和维生素E对小鼠血浆雌二醇含量均没有明显影响。结果表明,维生素E对TCDD引起的内分泌功能紊乱以及卵泡数量降低有拮抗作用。     

Protection of Heme Proteins by Vitamin E, Selenium, and β-Carotene Against Oxidative Damage in Rat Heart, Kidney, Lung and Spleen

Effects of the combination of vitamin E, selenium, and β-carotene on oxidative damage to rat heart, kidney, lung, and spleen were studied by measurement of the production of oxidized heme proteins (OHP) during spontaneous and prooxidant-induced oxidation. Male SD rats were fed with a vitamin E and selenium deficient diet or a diet supplemented with vitamin E, selenium, and β-carotene, Homogenates of heart, kidney, lung, and spleen were incubated at 37°C with and without the presence of bromotrichloromethane (CBrCl₃). The diet supplemented with antioxidants showed a strong protective effect against oxidative damage to heme proteins during the early stages of both spontaneous and CBrCl₃-induced oxidation in contrast to the antioxidant deficient diet. Synergism of multiple antioxygenic nutrients against oxidative damage to various animal tissues is discussed.     

Vitamin E succinate inhibits survivin and induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Identifying novel chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive approaches is critical in the prevention and treatment of cancers such as pancreatic cancer. Vitamin E succinate (VES) is a redox-silent analog of the fat-soluble vitamin alpha-tocopherol. In the present study, we explored the antiproliferative action of VES and its effects on inhibitor of apoptosis proteins in pancreatic cancer cells. We show that VES inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Further, we demonstrate that VES downregulates the expression of survivin and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. The apoptosis induced by VES was augmented by siRNA-mediated inhibition of survivin in PANC-1 cells. In summary, our results suggest that VES targets survivin signaling and induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.     

不育男性患者和健康男性血液与精浆中微量元素含量的对比分析

目的:研究不育患者精浆和血液中微量元素的含量,为男性不育的诊断和治疗提供理论依据。方法:对73例正常生育组男性和265例男性不育患者的精浆和血液中的锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、镉进行检测分析,分析两组血液和精浆微量元素的差异。结果:不育组患者精浆和血液中锌的含量明显低于正常对照组,铜、镉离子含量明显高于正常对照组,与正常对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01);而两组中的钙、铁、镁的含量接近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不育组患者精浆中的锌元素水平明显高于血液锌含量,而血液中的镉含量明显高于精浆中的镉含量,差异有明显的统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:精浆和血液中锌、铜、镉的变化与男性不育密切相关。     

Selenium and vitamin E ameliorate lead acetate-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via suppression of oxidative stress,mRNA of heat shock proteins,and NF-kB production

BackgroundLead exposure results in a terrible rise in heat shock protein levels.ObjectiveThis research was conducted to look at the effects of lead poisoning on heat shock response, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in albino rats, as well as the power of selenium and vitamin E to resist lead toxic effects.MethodsEight groups of albino rats are used. Each group contained six rats where the first group represented the negative control, and the other groups were treated with olive oil, vitamin E, selenium, lead, (vitamin E + lead), (selenium + lead), and (vitamin E + selenium + lead). All the treatments lasted for 28 days. Then, the mRNA expression of interested heat shock proteins (HSP90, HSP70, and HSP60) was assessed. For oxidative stress disruption, we investigated nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants activity respectively in rat livers.Resultsour results revealed the synergetic protective effect of the combination of two antioxidants (vitamin E and selenium) against lead poising. This was clear in regulating HSPs expression, inflammatory markers, glucose, lipid profile, liver functions, and antioxidant enzymes more than the treatment with one antioxidant.ConclusionPb is a toxic material that can induce HSPs and inflammatory markers expression. Selenium and vitamin E can give excellent effects in ameliorating Pb toxicity when used together.     

反复呼吸道感染患儿血清微量元素及体液免疫水平测定及临床意义

目的:探讨反复呼吸道感染患儿血清微量元素及体液免疫水平测定及其临床意义。方法:选取2016年1月至2017年1月在我院接受治疗的反复呼吸道感染患儿64例作为观察组,另外选取同期来我院体检的健康儿童60例作为对照组,比较两组儿童血清微量元素钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、镁(Mg)等的水平、体液免疫因子免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)水平及血清补体C3、C4、C5水平,并分析其相关性。结果:观察组患儿血清Ca、Fe、Zn水平显著低于对照组儿童(P0.05),两组儿童血清Cu、Mg水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患儿血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平低于对照组儿童(P0.05)。两组儿童血清补体C3、C4、C5水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析可得:反复呼吸道感染患儿血清Ca、Fe、Zn与血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:反复呼吸道感染患儿存在血清Ca、Fe、Zn微量元素缺乏及血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平降低现象,且它们之间具有正相关关系,可能共同促进反复呼吸道感染的发生。     

鸭儿芹及制品中矿质元素分析

采用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收法,测定了鸭儿芹及制品中钾、钙、钠、镁、铁、锌、锰、铜等8种矿质元素.对测定分析条件进行了实验,以氯化铯为电离抑制剂,用氯化锶消除磷对钙的干扰,盐酸浓度控制在2%以内,获得了满意效果.实验加标回收率为90.5%～108.2%,相对偏差为0.3%～0.7%,适合于植物材料中微量元素的分析测定.实验结果表明:鲜鸭儿芹中钾含量很高,达到44.774 mg/g,钙含量达到11.296 mg/g,同一元素在不同制品中含量存在明显差异.     

Variation in the Distribution of Trace Elements in Renal Cell Carcinoma

The development of cancer is a complex, multistage process during which a normal cell undergoes genetic changes that result in phenotypic alterations and in the acquisition of the ability to invade other sites. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to estimate the contents of Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Pb, and Zn in healthy kidney and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and significant differences were found for all elements. Along with the progression of the malignant disease, a progressive decrease of Cd and K was observed. In fact, for Cd, the concentration in stage T4 was 263.9 times lower than in stage T1, and for K, the concentration in stage T4 was 1.73 times lower than in stage T1. Progressive accumulation was detected for P, Pb, and Zn in stage T4. For P, the concentration in stage T4 was 11.1 times higher than in stage T1; for Pb, the concentration in stage T4 was 232.7 times higher than in T1; and for Zn, the concentration in T4 was 8.452 times higher than in T1. This study highlights the marked differences in the concentrations of selected trace metals in different malignant tumor stages. These findings indicate that some trace metals may play important roles in the pathogenesis of RCC.