Possible consequences of an inability of plants to control manganese uptake

Plant and Soil - This commentary presents several thoughts elicited by the observation of Lambers et al. (Plant Soil, 2021) in this Special Issue that the release of carboxylates by roots increases...     

杉木人工林土壤微生物生物量和碳源利用能力对模拟氮沉降和干旱的响应

杉木林是我国亚热带地区最主要的人工林和重要的碳汇。本研究以杉木人工林为对象,通过设置氮素添加(40 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)和隔离降雨(-50%)试验分别模拟氮沉降和干旱,在夏季(7月)和冬季(1月)采集表层土壤,通过磷脂脂肪酸、平板计数、Biolog等方法综合分析土壤微生物生物量、数量及碳源利用能力。结果表明: 土壤微生物生物量及微生物组成在两季节间存在显著差异;氮添加和隔离降雨可在一定程度上减少可培养细菌和真菌的数量,细菌数量较真菌数量对氮添加和隔离降雨的响应更敏感。隔离降雨显著抑制了土壤中微生物的碳源利用能力,而氮添加无显著影响。土壤细菌数量与微生物碳源利用能力呈显著正相关,表明可培养细菌是介导微生物碳转化的关键组分。本研究强调了氮沉降和干旱对亚热带杉木人工林表层土壤微生物的影响,可为评估未来全球变化情景下亚热带森林生态系统的土壤微生物生态功能提供科学依据。     

Using branch and basal trunk sap flow measurements to estimate whole-plant water capacitance: comment on Burgess and Dawson (2008)

Plant and Soil - Sap flow sensors are uniquely able to continuously monitor whole tree physiology. Recently, Burgess and Dawson (Burgess SSO, Dawson TE, Plant Soil 305:5–13, 2008) urged...     

Ethylene in relation to the response of roots to physical impedance

Plant and Soil - When the axial growth of bean roots (Vicia faba, L., variety Broad Windsor) was impeded by a barrier, the rate of ethylene evolution increased by as much as six times that of...     

Strategies to acquire and use phosphorus in phosphorus-impoverished and fire-prone environments

Plant and Soil - Unveiling the diversity of plant strategies to acquire and use phosphorus (P) is crucial to understand factors promoting their coexistence in hyperdiverse P-impoverished...     

紫色土线虫对长期不同施肥措施的响应

土壤线虫在农田生态系统中数量丰富且对土壤环境变化敏感, 可用于评估不同田间管理条件下的土壤健康。本文探究了紫色土区长期不同施肥措施及土壤团聚体粒径对线虫群落的分布及其生态功能多样性的影响。试验设置了5个施肥处理: 不施肥(对照, CK)、单施化肥(NPK)、生物炭 + 化肥(BCNPK)、商品猪粪 + 化肥(OMNPK)和秸秆 + 化肥(RSDNPK)。团聚体粒径分为: 原状土(BS)、大团聚体(> 2 mm; LA)和小团聚体(0.25-2 mm; SA)。结果表明, 与对照相比, 施肥可促进线虫数量增长, 其中单施化肥处理下增幅最小(66%); 有机物料与化肥配施对线虫数量的提升更为显著, 秸秆 + 化肥处理下增幅达206%。不同施肥处理间线虫类群相对丰度差异显著, 大小均表现为: 食细菌线虫(BA) > 杂食/捕食线虫(OP) > 植食线虫(PP) > 食真菌线虫(FU)。小团聚体较其他土壤团聚体的杂食/捕食线虫丰度更低, 食细菌线虫丰度较高。秸秆与化肥配施处理下线虫群落结构指数和富集指数显著增加, 且各施肥处理下线虫功能足迹呈现明显差异。有机肥与化肥配施(尤其是秸秆 + 化肥)可提高土壤养分供应且有利于形成稳定健康的土壤生态系统, 助推区域农业的可持续发展。     

Functional characterization of three MATE genes in relation to aluminum-induced citrate efflux from soybean root

Plant and Soil - Citrate transporters responsible for Aluminum (Al)-induced citrate efflux have not been identified in soybean. Three soybean multi-drug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family...     

Contrasting responses to boron deficiency in barley and wheat

Plant and Soil - To determine if boron (B) deficiency, commonly reported to depress grain set in wheat, has the same effect in barley, a set of experiments compared five wheat and seven barley...     

Field performance of bacterial inoculants to alleviate water stress effects in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Plant and Soil - Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase can play an important role in abiotic stress tolerance in plants, particularly...     

Carbon flow from plant to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is reduced under phosphorus fertilization

Plant and Soil - Iodine (I) deficiency is distinct from other micronutrient deficiencies in human populations in having a high endemic prevalence both in well-developed and in developing countries....     

Warming and grazing interact to affect root dynamics in an alpine meadow

Plant and Soil - Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous soil microorganisms playing a vital role in the functioning of agricultural ecosystems. Although AMF are generally considered to...     

Response of soil surface CO2 flux in a boreal forest to ecosystem warming

Soil surface carbon dioxide (CO₂) flux (R_S) was measured for 2 years at the Boreal Soil and Air Warming Experiment site near Thompson, MB, Canada. The experimental design was a complete random block design that consisted of four replicate blocks, with each block containing a 15 m × 15 m control and heated plot. Black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP] was the overstory species and Epilobium angustifolium was the dominant understory. Soil temperature was maintained (～5 °C) above the control soil temperature using electric cables inside water filled polyethylene tubing for each heated plot. Air inside a 7.3‐m‐diameter chamber, centered in the soil warming plot, contained approximately nine black spruce trees was heated ～5 °C above control ambient air temperature allowing for the testing of soil‐only warming and soil+air warming. Soil surface CO₂ flux (R_S) was positively correlated (P < 0.0001) to soil temperature at 10 cm depth. Soil surface CO₂ flux (R_S) was 24% greater in the soil‐only warming than the control in 2004, but was only 11% greater in 2005, while R_S in the soil+air warming treatments was 31% less than the control in 2004 and 23% less in 2005. Live fine root mass (< 2 mm diameter) was less in the heated than control treatments in 2004 and statistically less (P < 0.01) in 2005. Similar root mass between the two heated treatments suggests that different heating methods (soil‐only vs. soil+air warming) can affect the rate of decomposition.     

The contribution of Stylosanthes guianensis to the nitrogen cycle in a low input legume-rice rotation under conservation agriculture

Plant and Soil - Legumes integrated in crop rotations are intended to improve crop nitrogen (N) supply and yield. In conservation agriculture (CA) systems under low input conditions on highly...     

Soil loss due to crop harvest in Southern Brazil: effect of potato morphology

Plant and Soil - Plant species richness increases with declining soil phosphorus (P) availability, especially for Proteaceae in old infertile landscapes. This difference in richness might be...     

H2S is involved in ABA-mediated stomatal movement through MPK4 to alleviate drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plant and Soil - Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule that participates in multiple physiological processes in both animals and plants. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is...     

Evaluation of phosphorus in thermally converted sewage sludge: P pools and availability to wheat

Plant and Soil - Dried sewage sludge (SS) and the by-products of four SS thermal conversion processes (pyrolysis, incineration and two types of gasification) were investigated for phosphorus (P)...     

The vacuolar transporter OsNRAMP2 mediates Fe remobilization during germination and affects Cd distribution to rice grain

Plant and Soil - Iron (Fe) deficiency in plants is a common problem affecting agricultural production. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that can be taken up and transported within plants by...     

Silicification patterns in wheat leaves related to ontogeny and soil silicon availability under field conditions

Plant and Soil - Silicon (Si) accumulation is an important strategy for plant defense against biotic and abiotic stress. Solid amorphous silica (ASi) deposits have been found to protect plants...     

Nitrogen cycling in tropical Atlantic Forest differing in exposure to urban atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Plant and Soil - Inorganic nitrogen (N)––ammonium (NH4 +-N) and nitrate (NO3 --N)––deposition to tropical forests near urban areas frequently exceeds 5-10 kg ha-1 yr-1,...     

Use of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy to predict the percentage of dead versus living grass roots

Plant and Soil - We tested the potential of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the percentage of dead versus living roots of five grass species grown in monocultures under...