A novel R3H protein,OsDIP1, confers ABA-mediated adaptation to drought and salinity stress in rice

Plant and Soil - Dehydration responsive element-binding factors (DBFs) have recently emerged as essential components of stress tolerance mechanisms in plants. In this work, we investigated the role...     

Marginal impact of cropping BADH transgenic maize BZ-136 on chemical property,enzyme activity,and bacterial community diversity of rhizosphere soil

Plant and Soil - Transgenic betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) maize that overaccumulates glycine betaine (GB) is developed to enhance tolerance to salt stress, while the ecological risk of...     

Effect of silicon on morpho-physiological attributes,yield and cadmium accumulation in two maize genotypes with contrasting root system size and health risk assessment

Plant and Soil - Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a serious threat to plants and humans. Silicon (Si) was reported to have some alleviative effects on Cd stress in plants. However, whether Si...     

Chemical modulation of physiological adaptation and cross-protective responses against oxidative stress in soil bacterium and phytopathogen, Xanthomonas

Soil bacteria need to adapt quickly to changes in the environmental conditions. Physiological adaptation plays an important role in microbial survival, especially under stressful conditions. Here the abilities of chemicals and pesticides to modulate physiological adaptive and cross-protective responses, that make the bacteria more resistant to oxidative stress, are examined in the soil bacterium and phytopathogen, Xanthomonas. The genetic basis for the observed stress resistance, as well as the regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression during the process, has begun to be elucidated.     

Chemical modulation of physiological adaptation and cross-protective responses against oxidative stress in soil bacterium and phytopathogen,Xanthomonas

Soil bacteria need to adapt quickly to changes in the environmental conditions. Physiological adaptation plays an important role in microbial survival, especially under stressful conditions. Here the abilities of chemicals and pesticides to modulate physiological adaptive and cross-protective responses, that make the bacteria more resistant to oxidative stress, are examined in the soil bacterium and phytopathogen, Xanthomonas. The genetic basis for the observed stress resistance, as well as the regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression during the process, has begun to be elucidated.

     

Molecular and morphological evaluation of transgenic Persian walnut plants harboring Fld gene under osmotic stress condition

Molecular Biology Reports - Soil drought stress is a limiting factor of productivity in walnut (Juglans regia L). Ferredoxin (Fd) level decreases under adverse environmental stress. Functional...     

Effects of soil water stress and twospotted spider mites on net photosynthesis and transpiration of apple leaves

Soil water stress and twospotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were tested for their influence on the content and activity of leaves of greenhouse grown Delicious apple trees. Soil water stress caused reductions in net photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration (Tr), and shoot growth. Leaf water potential was decreased by both water stress and mite feeding. Feeding of 15 adult mites/leaf for 28 days resulted in a 16% reduction in Pn while an initial population of 10 mites leaf/left to develop for 20 days reduced Pn by 27%. Mite feeding reduced leaf nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrate levels when sampled 20 days after placement on the leaf. There was no interaction between the changed physiology of the leaf due to soil water stress and mite feeding.Approved for publication as Journal Article No. 111-80 of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691.Associate Professor and Professor, Departments of Horticulture and Entomology, respectively.     

Temporal changes in soil properties and physiological characteristics of Atriplex species and Medicago arborea grown in different soil types under saline irrigation

Plant and Soil - Salinity stress tolerance is a complex polygenic trait composed of numerous sub-traits that operate at very different timescales. This work elucidates the time-dependence and...     

Relationships between soil,fallow period,weeds and rice yield in slash-and-burn systems of Laos

Decline in soil fertility accelerated by shorter fallow periods was expected to be a major constraint in slash-and-burn rice production systems in northern Laos. In this paper we describe relationships between fallow period, soil fertility parameters, weeds and rice yield. Soil infertility is not perceived a major yield constraint by the farmers. Of the various soil parameters observed only soil organic matter showed consistent association with rice yield (r=0.42, p<0.01). Fallow period and rice yield showed no association and the relationship between fallow and organic matter was very weak (r=0.16, p<0.01). Rice yield was negatively related to densities of Ageratum conyzoides and Lygodium flexuosum. Soil loss during the cropping period ranged from 300–29.300 kg ha^–1. For the same period organic matter, total N, available P and available K content in the top 0–3 cm decreased by 11,12,17, and 17%, respectively, and loss of total N for the soil depth of 0–25 cm was estimated at 400 kg ha^–1. Soil physical properties, moisture stress and available N are the most likely detriments to rice yields. Further attempts to relate soil properties to rice yield should include repeated measurements during the cropping season and observations on soil physical properties.The research presented was supported by the Provincial Agriculture Service, Luang Prabang, Laos, and the Swiss Development Cooperation.     

Moderate Salinity Stress Reduces Rice Grain Yield by Influencing Expression of Grain Number- and Grain Filling-Associated Genes

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation - Soil salinity is an environmental stress severely impacting on rice grain yield. However, limited information is available on how salinity affects expression...     

Linear relation between leaf xylem water potential and transpiration in pearl millet during soil drying

Plant and Soil - Populus can tolerant high concentration Al stress. However, the mechanisms of Mg alleviation to Al toxicity in populus remain unknown. In the present study, adequate Mg was...     

Characterization of miRNA160/164 and Their Targets Expression of Beet (Beta vulgaris) Seedlings Under the Salt Tolerance

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding endogenous small RNAs that play important roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. Soil salinization leads to...     

Homospermidine synthase contributes to salt tolerance in free-living Rhizobium tropici and in symbiosis with Phaseolus vulgaris

Plant and Soil - Homospermidine is known to be the most abundant polyamine in root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris induced by Rhizobium tropici. In addition, homospermidine is involved in the stress...     

Silicification patterns in wheat leaves related to ontogeny and soil silicon availability under field conditions

Plant and Soil - Silicon (Si) accumulation is an important strategy for plant defense against biotic and abiotic stress. Solid amorphous silica (ASi) deposits have been found to protect plants...     

Contrasting patterns of carbon sequestration between Gilbertiodendron dewevrei monodominant forests and Scorodophloeus zenkeri mixed forests in the Central Congo basin

Plant and Soil - Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to reduce abiotic stress on plants, but these effects have not been quantitatively synthesized. We evaluated the degree...     

Double pot and double compartment: Integrating two approaches to study nutrient uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Plant and Soil - The double compartment technique has been commonly used in studies on nutrient uptake by mycorrhizas whereas the double pot technique has been used to assess the nutritional stress...     

A significant increase in rhizosheath carboxylates and greater specific root length in response to terminal drought is associated with greater relative phosphorus acquisition in chickpea

Plant and Soil - We investigated the effects of water stress under low phosphorus (P) supply on P-acquisition by chickpea, and identified a genotype with faster relative growth and P-acquisition...     

Insight into phytohormonal modulation of defense mechanisms to salt excess in a halophyte and a glycophyte from Asteraceae family

Plant and Soil - The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of three defense mechanisms (ionic balance, osmotic adjustment and counteracting oxidative stress) under low, moderate and high...     

植物抗盐分子机制及作物遗传改良耐盐性的研究进展

盐胁迫是全球农业生产上的一个主要逆境因子。解析耐盐分子机制有助于培育耐盐能力提高的作物新品种。我们综述了植物对盐胁迫的感应及信号传导、主要Na^＋运输体、盐胁迫下的解毒途径以及耐盐途径中涉及到的表观遗传研究。此外,我们还讨论了利用遗传改良手段提高作物耐盐性的研究进展。     

MsPG4-mediated hydrolysis of pectins increases the cell wall extensibility and aluminum resistance of alfalfa

Plant and Soil - Aluminum (Al) stress is a global problem that inhibits root growth and crop production in acidic soils. The inhibitive effect is greatly attributed to the reduction of cell wall...