МАТЕРИАЛЫ ПО ФАУНЕ ТАХИН LARVAEVORIDAE(TACHINIDAE)КИТАЯ——Ⅰ.РОД Linnaemyia R.-D.

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БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ МЕТОД БОРЬБЫ С ВРЕДИТЕЛЯМИ БСССР.

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Reappraisal of Microtropis macrocarpa C.Y. Cheng ＆ T.C. Kao （Celastraceae）, a critically endangered species endemic to Yunnan,China

Microtropis macrocarpa C.Y. Cheng ＆ T.C. Kao has been treated as a synonym of Microtropis macrophylla Merr. ＆ Freeman in most taxonomic reports in China. According to our study, M. macrocarpa is an independent species endemic to Yunnan, China. Microtropis macrophylla and Microtropis pachyphylla Merr. ＆ Freeman should be treated as synonyms of Microtropis longifolia Wall. ex Kurz. M. macrocarpa is also identified as a critically endangered species, CR B lab （i,ii,iii,v）, based on the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. The foliar surface, anther and pollen structures were also observed with a scanning electron microscope.     

应用B.t.和SBTi基因提高水稻抗虫性的研究

用基因枪法将单个B.t.基因或与SBTi基因一起导入到两个华南地区优良籼稻品种中,获得21个转B.t.单基因的植株系,4个转B.t.和SBTi双基因的植株系。对R1代植株的分子杂交和遗传分析表明,3个转双基因系中多个拷贝的B.t.和SBTi基因均是整合在植株基因组同一染色体上相同或相近位点。Northern blot证明在R2代转基因植株中B.t.基因稳定表达。对稻纵卷叶螟的抗性实验表明,转B.t.单基因或B.t.和SBTi双基因的转基因植株均较原种对照有更强的抗性,而转双基因植株较转单基因植株又有更强的抗性。     

B.B.Brodie(1907～1989)

B.B.Brodie博土,一个先驱药理学家和美国国家科学院院士,1989年2月28日逝世。生前是美国国立卫生研究院心脏研究所化学药理实验室的创始人和第一任主任。     

芸苔属(Brassica,L.)植物的新种合成及其细胞遗传学研究 Ⅲ.胜利油菜(B.napus,L.var.oleifera,DC.)C组染色体的人工置换

从以白花芥蓝(B.alboglabra,2n(2x)=18,组型为c′c′)为母本,胜利油菜同源异源八倍体(B.napus,4n(8x)=76,组型为aaaacccc)为父本的杂交组合中,获得了一个染色体数为4x=38的F_1植株(组型为aaac′),实现了c 组染色体的人工置换。F_1杂种在形态、生理上与普通胜利油菜(aacc)相同。但花冠粉黄色,为双亲的中间类型。F_2花色从黄到白,广泛分离。对F_1及F_2进行了形态、生理及细胞遗传学诸特征的研究,并对F_1aacc′染色体组型形成的机理提出了模型。F_3群体对龙头病具有免疫力,十分引人注目。     

B.B.R对严重烧伤大鼠肠道屏障功能的保护作用

目的 :探索 B.B.R(复合生态制剂 )对严重烧伤早期肠道屏障功能的保护作用 ,为防治肠源性感染寻找新途径。方法 :选用健康 Wistar大鼠 13 0只 ,体重 180～ 2 2 0 g,雌雄各半 ,随机分为 B.B.R治疗组 ,BFL(单一双歧杆菌制剂 )治疗组 ,烧伤对照组 (BC)和正常对照组 (NC) ,建立 3 0 % °烫伤肠源性感染的动物模型 ,按时分批活杀取材 ,检测细菌易位率、盲肠膜菌群、血浆内毒素和肠粘膜 s Ig A的含量。结果 :B.B.R和 BFL 组 ,伤后 3 d肠道细菌易位率分别为 10 %、2 0 .7% ,与 BC组 (3 3 % )比较明显降低了细易位率。血浆内毒素 BC组明显高于 NC组 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,而 B.B.R组与 NC组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P<0 .0 1)。BC组盲肠中双歧杆菌数量与 BC组比较明显减少 ,而 B.B.R、BFL 组与 NC组比较差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;NC组肠道中酵母菌和大肠埃希菌与 NC比较明显增加 ,B.B.R组差异无显著性 ,肠粘液 s Ig A水平与上述指标有类似变化。结论 :3 0 % °烫伤大鼠肠道内容物双歧杆菌明显下降 ,大肠埃希菌、酵母菌迅速过度生长 ,导致肠道微生态失衡 ,应用 B.B.R治疗后 ,促进肠粘膜机械屏障功能的恢复 ,减少细菌和内毒素的易位 ,调整肠道微生态平衡 ,提高了肠道局部和全身免疫功能     

辐冠苣苔属(苦苣苔科)一新替代名称——Radiaticorollarus Y. G. Wei,F. Wen & Lei Cai（英文）

辐冠苣苔属为中国广东特有苦苣苔科单型属,因其具有苦苣苔科中相对比较少见的辐射状花冠裂片而得名。有学者提出因其属名Actinostephanus F. Wen, Y. G. Wei&L. F. Fu和已灭绝的化石浮游植物属名Actinostephanos Khursevich极其相似而易于混淆,应处理为晚出同名。依据2018年《国际藻类、菌物和植物命名法规(深圳法规)》,该文为该晚出同名拟定了一个新名称,即Radiaticorollarus Y. G. Wei, F. Wen&Lei Cai,并将其属下辐冠苣苔Actinostephanus enpingensis F. Wen, Y. G. Wei&Z. B. Xin处理为新组合Radiaticorollarus enpingensis(F. Wen, Y. G. Wei&Z. B. Xin) F. Wen, Y. G. Wei&Lei Cai的异名。     

Two New Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Spiraea japonica L. f. var.fortunei （Planchon） Rehd.

Two new hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids named spiraqine (1) and 6-hydroxylspiraqine (2), and four known alkaloids, namely spiredine (3), spiradine A (4), spiradine B (5), and spirasine V/VI (6),were isolated from Spiraea japonica L. f. var.fortunei (Planchon) Rehd. The structures of the alkaloids were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance analysis (1H-NMR, ^13C-NMR, DEPT, HMQC, and HMBC) and mass spectrometry data.     

中国星盾炱属分类研究Ⅰ.

本文报道了产于中国的星盾炱属Asterina L(?)v.的15个种,其中2个新种和5个国内新记录种。新种是沉香星盾炱Asterina aquilariae Y.S.Ouyang et B.Song和藤黄生星盾炱Asterina garciniicola Y.S.Ouyang et B.Song.标本保存于广东省微生物研究所(GDIM)。     

根癌农杆菌介导B.t.基因和CpTI基因对花椰菜的转化

用根癌农杆菌介导的方法 ,将B .t.基因和Cp TI基因分别导入花椰菜“杂交 75天”的父本和母本的无菌苗下胚轴切段细胞 ,都获得了转基因植株。经过预培养的下胚轴切段用根癌农杆菌 (LBA44 0 4/ pG BI4A2B ,含B .t .基因 ;LBA44 0 4/pBRLC ,含CpTI基因 )进行感染后 ,共培养 48h ,继续培养 30d后 ,将分化芽转移至筛选培养基上。 10d后 ,大多数分化芽的顶端变成紫色 ,2 0d后紫色芽逐渐变白死亡 ,而转化芽在选择培养基上长成小植株。小植株移至大田能正常生长、开花、结籽。PCR和Southernblot分析表明B .t和CpTI基因已整合在植物基因组中     

МАТЕРИАЛЫ ПО ПТИЦАМ ЮЖСНОЙ ЧАСТИ ПРОВИНЦИИ ЮНЬНАНЬ(К.Н.Р.).СООБЩЕНИЕ Ⅰ.

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悼念卓越的苏联动物学家Б.С.维诺格拉朵夫教授

苏联科学院动物研究所脊椎动物学部主任,哺乳动物研究组领导人,当代卓越的哺乳动物学权威,生物学博士,B.C.维诺格拉朵夫教授于1958年7月10日逝世,亨年68岁。这是苏联生物界不可估量的损失。 鲍里斯·斯吉朋诺维契·维诺格拉朵夫生于1891年3月25日,伏尔加河畔的伏尔斯克城的一个教员家庭里。青少年时代是在伏尔加河的两岸渡过的,就在这里已经确定了他志向动物学的意愿。早在1913年,还是哈尔科夫大学的学生,B.C.维诺格拉朵夫     

窄头叶蝉属中国种类记要(同翅目,叶蝉科,叶蝉亚科)

共记述了中国窄头叶蝉属Batracomorphus Lewis20种。其中包括7新种：古丈窄斗叶蝉B.guzhangensis sp.nov．、齿突窄头叶蝉B.dentestyleus sp．nov.、叉突窄头叶蝉B.furcatus sp.nov.、细突窄头叶蝉B.gracilis sp.nov．、阔突窄头叶蝉B.lateprocessus sp．nov．、片马窄头叶蝉B.pianmaensis sp.nov．和斑翅窄头叶蝉B.puncta-tus sp．nov．;9个新组合。新种模式标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所。     

Responses of Caryopsis Germination, Seedling Emergence, and Development to Sand Water Content of Agropyron cristatum （L.） Gaertn. and Bromus inermis Leyss.

Responses of caryopsis germination, seedling emergence, and development of Agropyron cristatum （L.） Gaertn. （Gramineae） and Bromus inermis Leyss. （Gramineae）, two dominant perennial grasses in the Otindag Sandland of China, to different sand water content （SWC; 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20%） were studied comparatively. The results showed that the germination responses of the two grasses to SWC were similar （i.e. caryopses could not germinate when the SWC was below 3%; at SWC ranging from 3% to 12%, the higher the SWC, the higher the germination percentage; and at a SWC of 12%-20%, germination reached similarly high percentages）. At a sand burial depth of 0.5 cm, the threshold of SWC for seedling emergence was 6% forA. cristatum and 8% forB. inermis; at 12%-20% SWC, the seedling emergence of both species reached similarly high percentages. The seedling growth responses of these two species to SWC gradients were different. For A. cristatum, the biomass of seedlings increased with SWC from 6% to 12%, and decreased with SWC from 12% to 20%. For B. inermis, the biomass of seedlings always increased with SWC from 8% to 20%. The results also showed that the seedlings of both species allocated more biomass to the roots with decreases in SWC. The SWC changes from April to October in natural microhabitats of both species suggested that the SWC may play an important role in caryopsis germination, seedling emergence, and the growth characteristics of the two grasses. The responses of caryopsis germination, seedling emergence, and the growth characteristics of these two species to SWC may determine their distribution pattems in the Otindag Sandland.     

ПРИРОДНАЯ ОЧАГОВОСТЬ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ,ПЕРЕДАВАЕМЫХ НАСЕКОМЫМИ И КЛЕЩАМИ

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一种E. Coli B菌株的芳香族氨基酸氨基转移酶基因克隆

一种证明由苯丙酮酸盐到苯丙氨酸的转氨作用活性高的E. Coli B菌株为在E. Coli DG30中构建柯斯质粒文库的DNA来源。已知E. Coli DG30缺失三种主要的氨基转移酶基因(asp C,ilv E和tyr B)。通过互补分析,证明柯斯质拉克隆是一种携带有tyr B基因的插入物。这种DNA插入物进一步亚克隆进PAT153,发现E. Coli B的tyrB基因类似于已报道的E. Coli K_(12)的tyrB基因,含有E. Coli B菌株tyrB基因的质粒转化到原来的E. Coli B菌株中,并对重组茵株的转氨酶活性及质粒的稳定性进行了分析。     

牛肝菌属卷边组Boletus sect. Appendiculati物种的分子识别

依据牛肝菌属卷边组Boletus sect. Appendiculati内7个物种的核糖体基因rDNA内转录间隔区（internal transcribed spacer,ITS）序列比对,设计5对ITS特异引物,分别用于卷边牛肝菌Boletus appendiculatus与亚卷边牛肝菌B. subappendiculatus、卷边牛肝菌与拟桃红牛肝菌B. pseudoregius、华靛牛肝菌B. roseoflavus与卷边牛肝菌B.?appendiculatus、华靛牛肝菌与华美牛肝菌B. speciosus、拟桃红牛肝菌与华美牛肝菌的相互识别。ITS区段的PCR扩增结果表明,5对ITS特异引物皆成功扩增出可用于辨别这些近缘物种的目的条带。但未能设计出ITS特异引物,以识别华靛牛肝菌与桃红牛肝菌B. regius两个近缘物种。     

Myrmechis bakhimensis D. Maity, N. Pradhan ＆ G. G. Maiti, a new species of Orchidaceae from Sikkim Himalaya

Myrmechis bakhimensis D. Maity,N. Pradhan & G. G. Maiti (Orchidaceae),a new species from Sikkim Himalaya,is described and illustrated. The new species most closely resembles M. japonica (Reichb.) Rolfe and M. chinensis Rolfe with similar shape and size of lamina and the “T”-shaped epichile,but differs by the perfectly glabrous and eciliate floral bract,5-nerved dorsal sepal,and emarginate,mucronate epichile.     

НОВЫЙ ВИЗЕЙСКИЙ РОД СПИРИФЕРИД-Grandispirifer gen.nov.

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