波缘单网羊齿在甘肃河西走廊地区山丹下二叠统的发现

波缘单网羊齿在山丹下二叠统的发现,说明以六盘山为界将华夏植物群＂北方亚区＂分为＂华北区＂和＂祁连区＂的意见应予修改。     

内蒙古乌达早二叠世火山凝灰岩植物群中长星叶Asterophylliteslongifolius(Sternberg)Brongniart的形态复原与生态习性探讨*

基于内蒙古乌达煤田下二叠统太原组内火山凝灰岩层中保存的大量标本,对长星叶Asterophyllites longifolius(Sternberg)Brongniart的形态特征和生态习性进行探讨。这是该种作为成煤植物首次发现于华夏植物地理区。该种的主要特征是:至少三级分枝系统,末三级枝顶部不等二歧分叉形成末二级分枝,末二级枝节部生长末级枝。末级枝节部轮生叶;叶线形或披针形,宽与长度的比值最小可达1∶100,边缘直,两侧平行轮生于末级枝节部,每轮叶约30枚,具中脉;相邻的叶轮之间相互叠覆;与之连生的繁殖器官为Palaeostachya型。基于野外现场埋藏学样方统计确认该植物在成煤沼泽内局部具有较高的丰度,与一些草本蕨类和种子蕨类组成了成煤沼泽植物群落的下层植被。长星叶是石炭纪—二叠纪华夏植物群与欧美植物群的共同分子之一,在华夏植物区分布时间更长(从早石炭世末期至晚二叠世);它们于宾夕法尼亚亚纪晚期在泛大陆西部以及中部逐渐消失,可能与当时低纬度地区激烈动荡的气候条件有关。     

中国前晚石炭世植物群的性质——对"前华夏植物群"的讨论

"前华夏植物群"一词由李星学等提出,原义指以西北地区下石炭统(臭牛沟组、靖远组为主)及华南相当地层中的植物总称。作者分析了当前古植物地理区划的有关理论,结合中国的具体情况,提出"前华夏植物群"的涵义不但可以代替欧美植物群中拟鳞木植物群(Lepidodendropsis flora),而且还可能包括自早志留世植物登陆以来至早石炭世,在中国大陆(或称华夏复合大陆)生长的、独立的植物群。文中以晚泥盆世—早石炭世的植物群中独特的科、属、种等地方性土著分子为例,以当前古植物地理区的有关理论为依据,认为"前华夏植物群区"可以从以往的"欧美植物群"或"拟鳞木植物群"区中单独划分出来成为独立的植物地理区。     

波缘单网羊齿在甘肃河西走廊地区山丹下二叠统的发现

波缘单网羊齿在山丹下二叠统的发现，说明以六盘山为界将华夏植物群＂北方亚区＂分为＂华北区＂和＂祁连区＂的意见应予修改。     

用聚类分析法探讨中国二叠纪华夏植物群的植物地理区划

用聚类分析法对中国二叠纪华夏植物群２５个分布区,８３１种进行古生物地理区划,与以往定性分析结果相互借鉴。结果表明原划分方案总体上得到验证,华北区内似存在更次一级的植物地理单元。     

内蒙古乌达煤田下二叠统山西组4,5号煤层底板植物群研究北大核心CSCD

基于对内蒙古乌达煤田下二叠统山西组4,5号煤层底板的野外工作,系统采集、鉴定植物化石18属26种,其中以华夏植物群的特有属种或常见分子占绝对优势。沉积环境及植物古生态学分析表明,5号煤底板植物群主要由Lepidodendron posthumii Jongm. and Goth.和Cathaysiodendron cf.incertum(Sze and Lee) Lee等组成,代表了三角洲平原上碎屑沼泽植被景观。4号煤底板植物群主要由成煤沼泽植物和碎屑沼泽植物混合而成,原位埋藏的Stigmaria ficoides(Sternb.) Brongn.为成煤沼泽植被类群,代表了上覆4号煤的成煤植物;由Tingia carbonica(Schenk) Halle和Pecopteris arborescens(Schloth.) Sternb.等组成的碎屑沼泽植被类群,代表了三角洲平原上的碎屑沼泽植被景观。综合相关研究资料和当前植物化石分析表明,煤层底板植物群主要代表了地质历史时期中的湿地植被,按照其与形成上覆煤层植物之间的关系可主要分为:上覆煤层形成初期的泥炭沼泽植物群、与成煤作用无关的碎屑沼泽植物群和两者的混合类型。底板植物群的深入研究必须要结合沉积岩石学、地层学以及埋藏学的分析。当前研究显示乌达地区早二叠世沉积时期,湿地植被组成较为稳定,其中石松类植物一直都是重要的成煤泥炭沼泽植被类型;碎屑沼泽植被与成煤沼泽植被多数情况下成分类似,仅存在种一级别的差异。     

双性封印木孢子叶球在内蒙古乌达煤田下二叠统太原组凝灰岩层中的发现

封印木在石炭纪–二叠纪欧美植物群的沼泽森林中占据重要地位,化石记录十分丰富,在华夏植物群中的记录则较为稀少。已知这类植物的孢子叶球都是单性的。本文基于内蒙古乌达煤田下二叠统太原组凝灰岩中的化石材料,报道了一种石松类双性孢子叶球类型,与封印木茎干及叶保存于原位埋藏的火山凝灰岩植物群中,共同构成封印木树冠。该类孢子叶球呈圆柱形,基部具柄;孢子叶紧密螺旋排列,近轴部分为水平伸出的孢子叶柄,远轴部分为上翘的远端叶片,两者转折处具明显的踵;孢子囊单生于孢子叶柄近轴面,大孢子囊位于孢子叶球的中部-基部,小孢子囊位于中部-顶部。该类双性封印木孢子叶球的发现增加了封印木繁殖器官的多样性和复杂性,为进一步探讨这类植物的系统分类与演化提供了重要信息。     

论中国北方晚二叠世混生植物群的区系划分

自昆仑山—阿尔金山—祁连山—秦岭—大别山一线以北的中国北方地区,二叠纪时大约由准噶尔地块、塔里木地块、中朝板块、佳蒙地块等几个主要陆块和一些小的地块(微板块)组成。在系统整理这些地区晚二叠世植物属种的基础上,根据植物群属种的植物学特征及植物地理属性,将中国北方晚二叠世混生植物地理区划分为6个植物地理省,即:1)准噶尔–北塔里木安加拉–华夏混生植物地理省;2)北山–巴丹吉林安加拉–华夏混生植物地理省;3)兴蒙(东北地区)安加拉–华夏混生植物地理省;4)南塔里木安加拉–欧美混生植物地理省;5)祁连–阿拉善华夏–安加拉混生植物地理省;6)华北欧美–华夏–安加拉混生植物地理省。基于各地块在晚古生代各时期植物群的演替和植物区系性质的变迁,结合古地磁资料,简述了各地块在石炭纪—二叠纪时,在古特提斯洋和古亚洲洋中逐渐由低纬度热带亚热带雨林气候区向北半球高纬度温带干旱气候区的漂移和碰撞过程;并认为晚二叠世混生植物群形成的主要原因是各陆块相互间的迁移和拼接,中、晚二叠世形成的联合大陆(Pangaea)给各陆块上植物群的互相交融、侵入提供了良好条件。这种时空关系的改变,导致植物生态系统的改变,不但造成来自不同植物地理区植物的混生,而且产生了不少新的物种和丰富的土著分子。     

山东早二叠世早期太原组煤核中美丽"鳞木"的解剖构造

描述了山东兖州矿区太原组(早二叠世早期)煤核中一种具叶座的鳞木类茎的解剖构造.叶座呈略不对称的菱形,下侧边略长于上侧边,顶、底角均平截,底角并略呈拖延状;叶座上部突起较强烈,叶痕双凸镜形,叶迹呈宽V字形,叶迹与侧通气束可能都以近水平状在叶座内向外延伸;叶舌穴深,自叶座最内处向外斜伸,开口位于叶痕顶角附近.叶座底部表面具横皱纹.茎可能具管状中柱和薄壁组织的髓.初生木质部外始式,外缘较平滑.仅见有外部皮层,由径向伸长的壁较厚的细胞条带和夹于其间的空腔交替排列构成,空腔内可见弧形或宽V字形叶迹,其凹面朝向内方.周皮较发育,由近等量发育的木栓层和栓内层组成.经比较,当前标本与华夏植物区的印痕--压型化石种美丽鳞木在叶座的形态上非常相似,暂归入该种.由于无论是当前标本还是美丽鳞木的模式标本与狭义的鳞木属都有很大区别,因此美丽"鳞木"的确切归属还有待于今后进一步对保存更好的具解剖构造的茎和生殖器官的研究.美丽"鳞木"与欧美植物区几个乔木状鳞木类植物属的茎都不完全相同,具有它们的混合特征,很可能代表了一个新属.美丽"鳞木"是目前华夏植物区研究得最详细的一种具解剖构造的鳞木类的茎,对于研究华夏植物区鳞木类植物的起源和演化具有一定的意义.     

波罗蜥类(bolosaurs)在中国上二叠统的发现──甘肃玉门晚二叠世脊椎动物群系列报道之一

详细记述了发现于甘肃玉门大山口上二叠统波罗蜥类的新材料。依据其齿列特征──向前倾伏的弯钩状的门齿和横宽的具旁侧单一齿尖的颊齿，将其归入BelebeyvegrandisIvacbnenko1972．这是波罗蜥类在中国的首次发现，具有重要的地层和古生物地理意义。     

Feeding damage on upper Permian plants from the Sukhona River

Several types of feeding traces (galls, window and margin feeding) on the leaves of Pursongia (Peltaspermales) are described from the Severodvinian of the Sukhona River, northern European Russia. These types are named according to the formal classification developed for the traces of the interaction between land arthropods (insects) and plants.     

The first gliding reptiles from the upper Permian of Russia

Two new gliding reptiles from the Late Permian Kul’chumovo-A locality (Orenburg Region), Rautiania alexandri gen. et sp. nov. and R. minichi sp. nov., are described and assigned to the family Weigeltisauridae. These finds substantially expand the knowledge of the morphology of this group and suggest the climax state of terrestrial tetrapod communities of eastern Europe in the pre-Triassic Time, which resulted in the development of ecological niches not typical of earlier terrestrial vertebrate faunas.     

A new species of Discinites (Noeggerathiales) from the Upper Permian of Weibei Coalfield, North China

A new species of Discinites is described from the Late Permian Upper Shihhotse Formation of the Weibei Coalfield, Shaanxi Province, China. D. hanchengensis sp. nov. has decurrent and disk-like sporophylls with deep-toothed apices, elliptical sporangia and rectangular epidermal cells. The spores are generally of the Calamospora type. The megaspores and microspores are 300–380 and 45–90 μm in diameter, respectively. The microspores are similar in size to those of all other species of Discinites that contain Calamospora, but the megaspores are remarkably smaller. The new species represents the first record of Discinites with Calamospora from China and from the Cathaysian flora. Finally, we summarize the associated foliages of Discinites in the Cathaysian flora and find that they are all markedly different from those found in the Euramerican flora.     

Latest Permian palynomorphs from Jharia Coalfield,Damodar Basin,India and their potential for biostratigraphic correlation

The objective of the present work is to palynologically date the samples collected from Jharia Coalfield. The samples have been collected from an outcrop section exposed across the Damodar river near NH 32 enroute from Bokaro to Dhanbad (23° 43′06.93″N and 86° 12′06.90″E) near Jharia Coalfield of Damodar Basin. Palynological analysis of the samples has revealed that the palynomorph assemblage is characterized by high incidence of Densipollenites spp. in association with dominance of striate bisaccates chiefly Striatopodocarpites spp. and Faunipollenites spp. The other stratigraphically significant taxa recorded in the section are Guttulapollenites hannonicus, Klausipollenites schaubergeri, Alisporites spp. Falcisporites spp. and Lunatisporites spp. On the basis of the palynocomposition the section has been assigned a latest Permian age. Age determination for the section has been inferred by comparison with coeval assemblages from previous Gondwana studies from India and across Gondwana which were compared to the biostratigraphically dated palynological records from Australia (oldest APP6 Zone) as it is one of the few areas in Gondwana where the palynological records have been calibrated against adequately dated marine invertebrate zones. However, comparison with the westernmost portion of Gondwana was difficult due to its mid latitudinal position (c. 20°S) during the Lopingian (late Permian) which lead to an early transition from coal-bearing strata to red-bed and evaporitic deposits in some parts.     

山东淄博发现三趾马动物群的化石

<正> 山东省冶金建设工程处一九八六年十月,在淄博市张店区,侯庄铁矿矿井掘进施工中,于棕红色含砾砂质粘土中,发现一具古动物化石的骨架,由于条件所限,只挖掘出骨架的很少一部分:包括一对不完整的下颌,一枚右上门齿和四枚上颊齿.经鉴定,它们应归为布氏犀.在整理鉴定过程中,还发现了三趾马的半颗上牙.由于山东晚中新世地层过去报道的极少,这里予以简要的记述:     

Permian, Jurassic and Early Cretaceous palynofloral assemblages from subsurface sedimentary rocks in Chuperbhita Coalfield, Rajmahal Basin, India

The results of a palynological analysis of the sedimentary sequence of Borehole RCH-151, Chuperbhita Coalfield, Rajmahal Basin, Bihar are presented here. The borehole penetrated the Rajmahal Formation (comprising two traps sandwiching an intertrappean bed), the thinly represented Dubrajpur Formation and in its lower part, the Coal Measures. The coal-bearing interval is associated with Scheuringipollenites barakarensis, Faunipollenites varius, Densipollenites indicus, Gondisporites raniganjensis and Densipollenites magnicorpus Assemblage Zones. The presence of these biostratigraphic units indicates correlation with the Barakar Formation (Early Permian) and the Barren Measures and Raniganj Formations (both Late Permian). This is the first record, in the Chuperbhita Coalfield, of Late Permian strata, which appear to represent a condensed sequence. Prior to the present study, the Permian succession was thought to have been associated entirely with the Barakar Formation. The overlying Dubrajpur Formation yielded a distinct spore-pollen assemblage (in association with the first report of dinoflagellate, Phallocysta), which is assigned to the newly identified Callialasporites turbatus palynozone of latest Early to early Middle Jurassic age. The diverse spore-pollen flora of the intertrappean bed (Rajmahal Formation) incorporates several age marker taxa, viz. Undulatisporites, Leptolepidites, Klukisporites, Ruffordiaspora, and Coptospora. The assemblages from intertrappean beds are correlated with the Ruffordiaspora australiensis palynozone of Australia. Thus the palynodating indicates Permian, latest Early to early Mid-Jurassic and Early Cretaceous age for the strata studied. This is the first record of definite Jurassic microfossils from the non-marine sequence of Rajmahal Basin, India.     

青海岩黄芪属(Hedysarum)一新变型

发表黄芪属一新变型.     

青海补血草属一新变种

在整理蓝雪科标本时,发现了补血草属的一个新变种:玛多补血草(Lim onium aureumH ill.var.maduoen-sis),生境为海拔4 000 m以上的滩地紫花针茅高寒草原和盐碱化土壤中。