紫丁香叶柄离区IAA的免疫组织化学定位

Freezing sections and immunogold-silver staining were employed tothe study on the localization of IAA in petioles of Syringa oblata Lind. At different stages of leaf abscission, the distribution patterns of the silver particles varied in different tissues. In the earlier period of abscission, there were many silver particles in the proximal and distal tissues, but only a few in the abscission zone. The high density of silver particles was found in the phloem of the petiole. The number of silver particles in the abscission zone increase immediately after the protective layer was formed and began to decrease along with the development of the abscission zone. The density of the silver particles became very low when abscission was completed. The formation of protective layer may be the demarcation line of the Stage Ⅰ and Stage Ⅱ during the development of the abscission zone.     

植物激素的免疫组织化学定位

本文介绍目前在植物激素研究中常用的几种免疫组织化学定位方法及其可用性。     

光敏核不育水稻花药IAA的免疫组织化学分析

首次应用免疫组织化学分析方法对长日和短日处理后的农垦５８Ｓ和对照农垦５８（Ｏｒｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．ｓｕｂｓｐ．ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ）花药中的ＩＡＡ进行了定位研究和相对水平的比较。结果表明,此方法可反映游离态ＩＡＡ在花药中的分布及其相对水平的变化。从雌雄蕊原基形成期至单核晚期的５个时期中,经长日照处理的农垦５８Ｓ花药中的ＩＡＡ水平都低于短日照处理的农垦５８Ｓ及在不同光周期处理下的农垦５８花药。对花     

竹叶青蛇消化道内分泌细胞的免疫组织化学定位

应用8种特异性胃肠激素抗血清对竹叶青蛇（Trimersurus stejnegeri）消化道内分泌细胞进行了免疫组织化学定位。5－羟色胺细胞和生长抑素细胞在整个消化道中均有分布。5－羟色胺细胞以十二指肠和回肠密度为最高,空肠、直肠和幽门其次,胃体较低,食道和贲门中偶见;生长抑素细胞在十二指肠处数量最多,胃体、幽门和空肠其次,其余消化道各段偶见;胰高血糖素细胞只见于十二指肠和空肠;血管活性肠肽在贲门和胃体处有少量阳性细胞分布,食道中偶见。以上各处内分泌细胞的分布密度差异显著。未检出胃泌素、P－物质、胰多肽和胰岛素免疫反应阳性细胞。上述内分泌细胞的分布特点可能与竹叶青的摄食习性和生活环境有关。     

蝘蜒消化管内分泌细胞的免疫组织化学定位

目的阐明爬行动物蝘蜒消化管各段内分泌细胞的类型、局部分布、分布密度和形态学特征。方法应用免疫组织化学技术中链霉卵白素一过氧化物酶（S-P）法。结果在蝘蜒消化管内鉴别出5种内分泌细胞,即：5—羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT）、生长抑素（somatostatin,SS）、胃泌素（gastrin,GAS）、高血糖素（glucagon,GLU）、P-物质（substance P,SP）免疫活性（immnoreactive,IR）细胞。5-羟色胺免疫活性细胞是消化管中最主要的内分泌细胞类型,以不同密度分布于消化管各段,其中胃幽门部位分布密度最高。生长抑素免疫活性细胞在消化管内仅局限分布于胃部。胃泌素免疫活性细胞仅见于幽门和十二指肠部位。高血糖素免疫活性细胞仅分布于回肠和直肠。P-物质免疫活性细胞仅出现在直肠部位。蝘蜒消化管内分泌细胞形态多样：圆形、椭圆形、纺锤形、梭形、楔形、锥形以及不规则形。胃部多数内分泌细胞分布于胃腺中,食管和肠管中多数内分泌细胞则分布于上皮细胞间。结论蝘蜒和其它爬行动物胃肠内分泌细胞的分布存在一定共同特征,然而也存在着一些特有的差异。     

钙调素激酶在玉米体内的免疫组织化学定位

应用免疫组织化学定位方法研究了玉米体内钙调素激酶(CaM kinase,CaMK)的表达模式。结果表明CaMK广泛分布于玉米体内,但表达水平存在着明显时空差异。在营养器官中钙调素激酶主要分布于叶的维管束鞘细胞、侧根原基和根尖等部位,而其它部位没有检测到明显的分布。在生殖器官中,有大量钙调素激酶分布于幼胚及花药小孢子母细胞、四分体及绒毡层细胞中;在成熟胚囊的卵细胞、中央细胞以及二者的分界面上也有少量分布。这些结果为进一步探索钙调素激酶在植物体内的生理功能提供了重要线索。     

甘草根中甘草酸的免疫组织化学定位研究

应用免疫组织化学定位和HPLC分析方法,对人工种植乌拉尔甘草根中的甘草酸分布和积累变化规律进行分析,以阐明药用甘草根在发育过程中甘草酸的积累变化规律,探讨甘草药材质量形成的内在机制。结果表明:(1)甘草酸主要分布在根的次生韧皮部薄壁细胞和维管射线细胞中,且主要积累在这些细胞的细胞壁上。(2)HPLC分析显示,主根的韧皮部中甘草酸含量最高,其次是木质部,根皮中含量最少。(3)甘草酸在主根中的含量随着生长年限的增加而提高,2、3年生甘草根中甘草酸含量上升较快,3年后甘草酸的含量达到3.66%,超过了国家药典规定的甘草酸含量标准。     

棘胸蛙消化道内分泌细胞的免疫组织化学定位

We studied the distribution and density of the endocrine cells in the digestive tract of Paa spinosa using immunohistochemical method (streptavidin-peroxidase method) using eight gut hormone antisera.The 5-hydroxytryptamine immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the digestive tract with the highest density in the stomachus pyloricus,the second highest in the duodenum,fewer in the oesophagus,stomachus cardiacus and rectum.The gastrin immunoreactive cells were located mainly in the stomachus pyloricus and occasionally in different parts of the intestine.The somatostatin immunoreactive cells occured mainly in the stomach,frequently in the stomachus pyloricus,and occasionally in different parts of the intestine.The pancreatic polypeptide immunoreaetive cells were found with the highest density in the duodenum,the second highest in the stomachus cardiacus,and rarely in the rectum.No immunoreactive cells were observed with the antisera to glucagon,substance P,growth hormone and calcitonin,but there were glucagon and substance P mucosal nerve plexus throughout the digestive tract,and both with the highest density in the duodenum[Acta Zoologica Sinica 49(6):858-864,2003].     

β-EP和胃泌素在大鼠舌下腺的免疫组织化学定位

In order to study the distribution of β-EP and gastrin immunoreactive cells in the sublingual gland, we used the Advidin Biptin-Peroxidase Complex (ABC) immunohistochemical technique to detect the expression of β-EP and gastrin in rat sublingual glands. The results show that the epithelial cells of striated ducts and interlobular ducts appeared β-EP and gastrin positive in immunoreaction and the mucosus and serous acinar cells were immunoreactive negative. The poei-tive substances were distributed in the cytoplasm with negative nuclei. These results suggest that β-EP and gastrin are ex-pressed in the epithelial cells of ducts in the rat sublingual gland, which may play an important role in the secretion and functional regulation of the sublingual gland.     

蝘蜓消化管内分泌细胞的免疫组织化学定位

目的阐明爬行动物蝘蜓消化管各段内分泌细胞的类型、局部分布、分布密度和形态学特征。方法应用免疫组织化学技术中链霉卵白素-过氧化物酶(S-P)法。结果在蜓消化管内鉴别出5种内分泌细胞,即:5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、生长抑素(somatostatin,SS)、胃泌素(gastrin,GAS)、高血糖素(glucagon,GLU)、P-物质(substance P,SP)免疫活性(i mmnoreactive,IR)细胞。5-羟色胺免疫活性细胞是消化管中最主要的内分泌细胞类型,以不同密度分布于消化管各段,其中胃幽门部位分布密度最高。生长抑素免疫活性细胞在消化管内仅局限分布于胃部。胃泌素免疫活性细胞仅见于幽门和十二指肠部位。高血糖素免疫活性细胞仅分布于回肠和直肠。P-物质免疫活性细胞仅出现在直肠部位。蝘蜓消化管内分泌细胞形态多样:圆形、椭圆形、纺锤形、梭形、楔形、锥形以及不规则形。胃部多数内分泌细胞分布于胃腺中,食管和肠管中多数内分泌细胞则分布于上皮细胞间。结论蜓和其它爬行动物胃肠内分泌细胞的分布存在一定共同特征,然而也存在着一些特有的差异。     

Immunohistochemical Localization of IAA in the Leaf Abscission Zone of Syringa oblata

Freezing sections and immunogold-silver staining were employed to the study on the localization of IAA in petioles of Syringa oblata Lind. At different stages of leaf abscission, the distribution patterns of the silver particles varied in different tissues. In the earlier period of abscission, there were many silver particles in the proximal and distal tissues, but only a few in the abscission zone. The high density of silver particles was found in the phloem of the petiole. The number of silver particles in the abscission zone increase immediately after the protective layer was formed and began to decrease along with the development of the abscission zone. The density of the silver particles became very low when abscission was completed. The formation of protective layer may be the demarcation line of the Stage Ⅰ and Stage Ⅱ during the development of the abscission zone.     

华北紫丁香叶的生药学研究

目的:为华北紫丁香叶的鉴别、开发利用提供依据。方法:采用原植物、性状、显微结构的鉴别及紫外光谱的鉴别。结果:较为系统阐明了华北紫丁香叶的生药学理论。结论:为建立华北紫丁香叶的生药学质量标准提供依据。     

紫丁香花蕾化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等从紫丁香花蕾乙酸乙酯溶液中分离得到8个单体化合物,经理化性质和波谱方法分别鉴定为:丁香苦素B(1)、齐墩果酸(2)、乌苏酸(3)、羽扇豆酸(4)、羽扇豆醇(5)、对羟基苯丙醇(6)、对羟基苯乙醇(7)和β-谷甾醇(8)。其中化合物6首次从该种植物中分离得到,其余均为首次从该植物花蕾中分离得到。     

顶空固相微萃取/气相色谱/质谱法分析河南产紫丁香挥发性成分

采用顶空固相微萃取和气质联用技术（HS—SPME—GC—MS）,首次分析了河南产紫丁香花营和花的挥发性成分。从紫丁香花蕾和花中共鉴定了65种组分,其中17个成分是二者共有的;酯类化合物只存在于花蕾中,而酸类和醇类化合物在花中的含量较高。这表明酯类化合物在紫丁香花开放的过程中可能逐步被植物体内的水解酶水解成酸类和醇类化合物。     

紫丁香195个实生单株花表型性状变异分析

为了准确掌握紫丁香资源花部性状的变异程度及表型多样性水平,为紫丁香优良品种的选育提供理论依据。本研究以195株紫丁香实生单株为材料,对其5个数量性状和4个质量性状的变异、性状间相关性和聚类关系等进行了分析。结果表明,5个数量性状在群体内表现出极显著差异(P<0.01),且符合正态分布,变异系数为19.72%~30.22%,平均24.97%,其中花序长变异最大;根据ISCC-NBS色彩名称表示法将群体花色划分为白色系、浅粉色系、紫色系、紫红色系、紫粉色系和蓝紫色系等6个色系,其中紫色系(54.35%)和紫红色系(32.31%)所占比例最大;4个质量性状的多样性指数为0.36~1.09,平均0.86,其中花冠裂片(状态)最大,表明群体中质量性状变异类型丰富。相关性分析表明,5个数量性状之间均呈现极显著正相关,其中花序长与花序宽相关系数最大,为0.767。聚类分析表明,195株紫丁香基于欧氏距离可分为3大类,第一类群主要性状表现为花冠筒长;第二类群表现为花序长;第三类群表现为花冠裂片长。参试紫丁香资源花部性状表型变异丰富。     

紫丁香SoDXR基因克隆及在单萜物质合成中的功能分析

【目的】探究1-脱氧木酮糖-5-磷酸还原酶（1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase, DXR）基因在紫丁香单萜物质合成中的作用,为紫丁香花香分子育种提供有效的基因资源和理论基础。【方法】本研究以紫丁香（Syringa oblata）花瓣为材料,克隆了SoDXR基因,并对其进行了生物信息学和亚细胞定位分析,不同花发育时期和器官组织中的qRT-PCR表达分析,及在金鱼草花瓣中异源瞬时过表达探究其功能。【结果】SoDXR基因全长为1 425 bp,编码474个氨基酸,编码的蛋白具有保守的DXP_reductoisom结构域,与桂花（Osmanthus fragrans）和油橄榄（Olea europaea）的相似性高达95%。亚细胞定位显示该蛋白主要定位于质体,与软件预测结果一致。伴随着开花,SoDXR表达水平呈先升高后降低的趋势,在初开期最高;在各个器官组织中均有表达,其中花瓣中表达量最高,茎中表达量最低。瞬时过表达发现,SoDXR基因的表达水平显著高于对照,促进了主要单萜成分罗勒烯和月桂烯的释放,释放量分别增加了15.03倍和4.83倍。【结论】SoDXR基因正调控紫丁香单萜物质的合成,推测DXR基因在花香次级代谢物合成中起到重要作用。     

The Ecological Wood Anatomy of the Lilac ( Syringa oblata var.giraldii Rehd.) in Taibai Mountain

The wood structure of Syringa oblata var. giradii Rehd. grown on the north side of Taibai Mountain varied with the increasing altitude: the width of growth ring, the length of vessel member, the vessel diameter, the length and width of fibretracheid and the ray height gradually increased with the altitude; the frequency of vessel, the frequency of ray and the frequency of solitary vessels decreased; the vessel and fibretracheid walls grew thinner. The spiral thickenings of the vessel wall and the fibre-tracheid wall in the lower altitude are more evident and them gradually obscure.     

The Ethanol Extract of Syringa oblata Heartwood,a Mongolian Folk Medicine Containing Major Lignans,Exerts Analgesic and Sedative Effects on Mice

The heartwood of Syringa oblata Lindl. (SO) is one of Mongolian folk medicines to treat insomnia and pain, while its pharmacological evaluation and underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, the sedative effect of ethanol extract of SO (ESO) was evaluated with the locomotor activity test and the threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep test in mice, and the hot plate test, acetic acid-induced writhing test, and formalin test in mice were used to evaluate its analgesic effect. The underlying mechanism of ESO analgesia was explored by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, which is associated with the regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Besides, the main constituents of ESO were characterized by LC/MS data analysis and comparison with isolated pure compounds. The current findings brought evidence for clinical application and further pharmacological and phytochemical studies on SO.     

叶面喷施硝酸盐对丁香叶片气孔动态、光合作用的影响

以哈尔滨市绿化植物紫丁香（Syringa oblata Lindl.）为研究对象,借助便携式光合测定系统和电子显微镜,研究了叶面喷施硝酸盐（50 mmol·L^-1 NaNO₃溶液）对叶片气孔动态（气孔分布、气孔开度）和光合生理过程（光合—呼吸的光诱导、光化学效率、叶绿素含量以及细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度、气孔导度）的影响。结果表明：叶片上、下表皮均有气孔、腺毛分布,喷施处理第5 d时,叶片的气孔开度和导度、光合速率、叶绿素含量等未受到显著影响,但14 d时,气孔关闭、导度下降,光合—呼吸的光诱导过程受到显著影响。