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1.
RAPD markers linked to a gene for resistance to pine needle gall midge in Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
T. Kondo K. Terada E. Hayashi N. Kuramoto M. Okamura H. Kawasaki 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(3-4):391-395
Linkage of RAPD markers to a single dominant gene for resistance to pine needle gall midge was investigated in Japanese black
pine (Pinus thunbergii). Three primers that generated linked markers were found after 1160 primers were screened by bulked segregant analysis. The
distances between the resistance gene, R, and the marker genes OPC06580, OPD01700, and OPAX192100 were 5.1 cM, 6.7 cM and 13.6 cM, respectively. OPC06580 was in coupling phase to R, whereas OPD01700 and OPAX192100 were in repulsion phase to R. A linkage map for a resistant tree was constructed using 96 macrogametophytes. In linkage analysis, 98 out of 127 polymorphic
markers were assigned to 17 linkage groups and six linked pairs. The total length of this map was 1469.8 cM, with an average
marker density of 15.6 cM. The genome length was estimated to be 2138.3 cM, and the derived linkage map covered 67.5% of the
genome. Although the linked markers OPC06580, OPAX192100, and OPD01700, belonged to the same linkage group, no precise positions were found for OPC06580 or OPD01700.
Received: 15 May 1999 / Accepted: 29 July 1999 相似文献
2.
A genetic map of Maritime pine based on AFLP, RAPD and protein markers 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
P. Costa D. Pot C. Dubos J. M. Frigerio C. Pionneau C. Bodenes E. Bertocchi M. -T. Cervera D. L. Remington C. Plomion 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(1):39-48
TheAFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique was adapted to carry out genetic analysis in maritime pine, a species
characterized by a large genome size (24 pg/C). A genetic linkage map was constructed for one F1 individual based on 239 AFLP and 127 RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) markers. Markers were scored on megagametophytes
(1n) from 200 germinated F2 seedlings. Polymorphism rate, labour time and cost of both AFLP and RAPD techniques were compared. The AFLP technique was
found to be twice as fast and three-times less costly per marker than the RAPD technique. Thirteen linkage groups were identified
with a LOD score ≥6 covering 1873 cM, which provided 93.4% of genome coverage. Proteins were extracted from needles (2n) of
the F2 progeny and revealed by 2-DE (two-dimensional electrophoresis). Thirty one segregating proteins were mapped using a QTL detection
strategy based on the quantification of protein accumulation. Two framework maps of the same F1 individual are now available. The first map (Plomion et al. 1996) uses RAPD markers and the second map, presented in this
study, uses mostly AFLP markers. Although the total genetic length of both maps was almost identical, differences among homologous
groups were observed.
Received: 11 February 1999 / Accepted: 29 April 1999 相似文献
3.
Identification of AFLP markers linked to a resistance gene against pine needle gall midge in Japanese black pine 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hayashi E Kondo T Terada K Kuramoto N Kawasaki S 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,108(6):1177-1181
Bulked segregant and AFLP analyses of two mapping populations (R17 × S6 and R17 × S1) were used to identify markers linked to Rpgm, the only known gene responsible for resistance to pine needle gall midge in Pinus thunbergii Parl. Rpgm was found to be bracketed by ACCC/CCTTT
190
on one side at a distance of 6.6 cM and ACGT/CCCGC
250
at 15.3 cM on the other side. The segregation of these markers was analyzed in two other families in order to determine their phase and transferability. One of the two additional resistant parents carried ACCC/CCTTT
190
in the homozygous state while the marker was in coupling (plus marker allele linked with an R allele) in a resistant parent, R17. The marker ACGT/CCCGC
250
was in a repulsion phase in R17 and was not detected in the other two resistant pine trees. Out of four AFLP markers identified, only ACGT/CCAAT
290
was transferable in all resistant trees tested, although its phase was opposite for different trees. These results indicate that in applying those markers to select resistant trees, the phase state of the markers in each resistant tree with respect to Rpgm needs to be considered.Communicated by D.B. Neale 相似文献
4.
Application of AFLP, RAPD and ISSR markers to genetic mapping of European and Japanese larch 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
A. Arcade F. Anselin P. Faivre Rampant M. C. Lesage L. E. Pâques D. Prat 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(2):299-307
Genetic linkage maps have been increasingly developed for a wide variety of plants, using segregating populations such as
F2s or backcrosses between inbred lines. These pedigrees are rarely available in outbred species like forest trees which have
long generation times. Thus genetic mapping studies have to use peculiar pedigrees and markers in appropriate configurations.
We constructed single-tree genetic linkage maps of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and Japanese larch [Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.] using segregation data from 112 progeny individuals of an hybrid family. A total of 266 markers (114 AFLP,
149 RAPD and 3 ISSR loci) showing a testcross configuration, i.e.heterozygous in one parent and null in the other parent,
were grouped at LOD 4.0, θ=0.3. The maternal parent map (L. decidua)consisted of 117 markers partitioned within 17 linkage groups (1152 cM) and the paternal parent map (L. kaempferi) had 125 markers assembled into 21 linkage groups (1206 cM). The map distance covered by markers was determined by adding
a 34.7-cM independence distance at the end of each group and unlinked marker. It reached 2537 cM and 2997 cM respectively
for European larch and Japanese larch, and represented respectively a 79.6% and 80.8% coverage of the overall genome. A few
3:1 segregating markers were used to identify homologous linkage groups between the European larch and the Japanese larch
genetic maps. The PCR-based molecular markers allowed the construction of genetic maps, thus ensuring a good coverage of the
larch genome for further QTL detection and mapping studies.
Received: 15 March 1999 / Accepted: 29 March 1999 相似文献
5.
A Genetic linkage map of Pinyon pine (Pinus edulis) based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. E. Travis K. Ritland T. G. Whitham P. Keim 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(5-6):871-880
Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) were used to rapidly generate a dense linkage map for pinyon pine (Pinus edulis). The map population consisted of 40 megagametophytes derived from one tree at Sunset Crater, Arizona. A total of 78 primer
combinations, each with three to five selective nucleotides, amplified 542 polymorphic markers. Of these, 33 markers showed
significant deviation from the expected Mendelian genotypic segregation ratio of 1 : 1, and 164 showed complete linkage with
another marker. This resulted in 338 unique markers mapping to 25 linkage groups, each of which ranged from 2 to 22 markers,
averaging 80 centiMorgans (cM) in size and covering 2,012 cM (2,200 cM with the inclusion of 25 cM for each of 7 unlinked
markers). Pairwise linkage values gave a genome size estimate of 2,390 cM, suggesting comprehensive coverage of the genome.
A search for subsets of primer combinations giving the best map coverage found 10 primer combinations which together marked
72% of the linkage map to within 10 cM; an additional 10 primer combinations increased this percentage to 85%. Our map represents
an initial step towards the identification of quantitative trait loci associated with pest resistance and water stress in
pinyons and will further allow us to examine introgression rates between P. edulis and P. californiarum.
Received: 14 October 1997 / Accepted: 29 April 1998 相似文献
6.
Genetic linkage map of ISSR and RAPD markers in Einkorn wheat in relation to that of RFLP markers 总被引:41,自引:0,他引:41
T. Kojima T. Nagaoka K. Noda Y. Ogihara 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(1):37-45
The potential of PCR-based markers for construction of a genetic linkage map in Einkorn wheat was investigated. From a comparison
of polymorphisms between two Einkorn wheats, Triticum monococcum (Mn) and T. boeoticum (Bt), we obtained 49 polymorphic bands produced by 33 primers for inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and 36 polymorphic
bands shown by 25 combinations of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers for mapping in 66 individuals in the F2 population. Although 44 ISSR fragments and 29 RAPD fragments statistically showed a 3 : 1 segregation ratio in the F2 population, only 9 markers each of the ISSR and RAPD bands were able to be mapped on the RFLP linkage map of Einkorn wheat.
ISSR markers were distributed throughout the chromosomes. The mapped positions of the ISSR markers seemed to be similar to
those obtained by the RFLP markers. On the other hand, 4 of the 9 RAPD markers could map the RFLP marker-poor region on the
short arm of 3Am, suggesting a potential to map novel regions containing repetitive sequences. Comparisons of the genetic linkage map of Einkorn
wheat to the linkage map and cytological map of common wheat revealed that the marker orders between the two maps of Einkorn
wheat and common wheat coincided except for 4A, which harbors chromosome rearrangements specific for polyploid wheats, indicating
a conservatism between the two genomes. Recombinations in Einkorn wheat chromosomes took place more frequently around the
centromere and less at the distal part of chromosomes in comparison to those in common wheat. Nevertheless, recombinations
even in Einkorn wheat chromosomes were strongly suppressed around the centromere. In fact, the markers located within 1 cM
of the centromere were located almost in the central part of the chromosome arm.
Received: 7 June 1997 / Accepted: 17 June 1997 相似文献
7.
I. Eujayl M. Baum W. Powell W. Erskine E. Pehu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(1-2):83-89
A genetic linkage map of Lens sp. was constructed with 177 markers (89 RAPD, 79 AFLP, six RFLP and three morphological markers) using 86 recombinant inbred
lines (F6:8) obtained from a partially interspecific cross. The map covered 1073 cM of the lentil genome with an average distance of
6.0 cM between adjacent markers. Previously mapped RFLP markers were used as anchor probes. The morphological markers, pod
indehiscence, seed-coat pattern and flower-color loci were mapped. Out of the total linked loci, 8.4% showed segregation distortion.
More than one-fourth of the distorted loci were clustered in one linkage group. AFLP markers showed more segregation distortion
than the RAPD markers. The AFLP and RAPD markers were intermingled and clustering of AFLPs was seldom observed. This is the
most extensive genetic linkage map of lentil to-date. The marker density of this map could be used for the identification
of markers linked to quantitative trait loci in this population.
Received: 6 November 1997 / Accepted: 10 February 1998 相似文献
8.
AFLP markers tightly linked to the aluminum-tolerance gene Alt3 in rye (Secale cereale L.) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Miftahudin G. J. Scoles J. P. Gustafson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(4):626-631
Rye (Secale cereale L.) is considered to be the most aluminum (Al)-tolerant species among the Triticeae. It has been suggested that aluminum
tolerance in rye is controlled by three major genes (Alt genes) located on rye chromosome arms 3RL, 4RL, and 6RS, respectively. Screening of an F6 rye recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between an Al-tolerant rye (M39A-1–6) and an Al-sensitive
rye (M77A-1) showed that a single gene controls aluminum tolerance in the population analyzed. In order to identify molecular
markers tightly linked to the gene, we used a combination of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and bulked segregant
analysis techniques to evaluate the F6 rye RIL population. We analyzed approximately 22,500 selectively amplified DNA fragments using 204 primer combinations and
identified three AFLP markers tightly linked to the Alt gene. Two of these markers flanked the Alt locus at distance of 0.4 and 0.7 cM. Chromosomal localization using cloned AFLP and a restriction fragment length polymorphism
(RFLP) marker indicated that the gene was on the long arm of rye chromosome 4R. The RFLP marker (BCD1230) co-segregated with
the Alt gene. Since the gene is on chromosome 4R, the gene was designated as Alt3. These markers are being used as a starting point in the construction of a high resolution map of the Alt3 region in rye.
Received: 29 March 2000 / Accepted: 9 July 2001 相似文献
9.
Genetic linkage map of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] using morphological and molecular markers 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
E. Dirlewanger V. Pronier C. Parvery C. Rothan A. Guye R. Monet 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(5-6):888-895
A genetic linkage map of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batch] was constructed in order to identify molecular markers linked to economically important agronomic traits that would be particularly useful for long-lived perennial species. An intraspecific F2 population was generated from self-pollinating a single F1 plant from a cross between a flat non-acid peach, ‘Ferjalou Jalousia®’ and an acid round nectarine ‘Fantasia’. Mendelian segregations were observed for 270 markers including four agronomic characters (peach/nectarine, flat/round fruit, acid/non-acid fruit, and pollen sterility) and 1 isoenzyme, 50 RFLP, 92 RAPD, 8 inter-microsatellite amplification (IMA), and 115 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Two hundred and forty-nine markers were mapped to 11 linkage groups covering 712 centiMorgans (cM). The average density between pairs of markers is 4.5?cM. For the four agronomic characters studied, molecular markers were identified. This map will be used for the detection of QTL controlling fruit quality in peach and, particularly, the acid and sugar content. 相似文献
10.
Towards a saturated sorghum map using RFLP and AFLP markers 总被引:20,自引:3,他引:17
K. Boivin M. Deu J.-F. Rami G. Trouche P. Hamon 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(2):320-328
A near-saturated sorghum genetic linkage map was produced using RFLP, AFLP and morphological markers. First a composite,
essentially RFLP-based genetic linkage map was obtained from analyses of two recombinant inbred populations. This map includes
343 loci for 11 linkage groups spanning 1352 cM. Since this map was constructed with many previously mapped heterologous probes,
it offers a good basis for synteny studies. Separately, an AFLP map was obtained from the analysis of 168 bands revealed from
12 primer pair combinations. It includes 137 loci for 11 linkage groups spanning 849 cM. Taking into account the different
data sets, we constructed a combined genetic linkage map including 443 loci spanning 1899 cM. Two main features are to be
noted: (1) the distribution of AFLPs along the genome is not uniform; (2) an important stretching of the former core map is
induced after adding the AFLPs.
Received: 10 May 1998 / Accepted: 13 July 1998 相似文献
11.
Construction of an AFLP genetic map with nearly complete genome coverage in Pinus taeda 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Remington DL Whetten RW Liu BH O'Malley DM 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(8):1279-1292
De novo construction of complete genetic linkage maps requires large mapping populations, large numbers of genetic markers, and efficient
algorithms for ordering markers and evaluating order confidence. We constructed a complete genetic map of an individual loblolly
pine (Pinus taeda L.) using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers segregating in haploid megagametophytes and PGRI mapping
software. We generated 521 polymorphic fragments from 21 AFLP primer pairs. A total of 508 fragments mapped to 12 linkage
groups, which is equal to the Pinus haploid chromosome number. Bootstrap locus order matrices and recombination matrices generated by PGRI were used to select
184 framework markers that could be ordered confidently. Order support was also evaluated using log likelihood criteria in
MAPMAKER. Optimal marker orders from PGRI and MAPMAKER were identical, but the implied reliability of orders differed greatly.
The framework map provides nearly complete coverage of the genome, estimated at approximately 1700 cM in length using a modified
estimator. This map should provide a useful framework for merging existing loblolly pine maps and adding multiallelic markers
as they become available. Map coverage with dominant markers in both linkage phases will make the map useful for subsequent
quantitative trait locus mapping in families derived by self-pollination.
Received: 7 August 1998 / Accepted: 27 October 1998 相似文献
12.
A genetic map of Asparagus officinalis based on integrated RFLP, RAPD and AFLP molecular markers 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
A. Spada E. Caporali G. Marziani P. Portaluppi F. M. Restivo F. Tassi A. Falavigna 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(7):1083-1089
An integrated genetic map of the dioecious species Asparagus officinalis L. has been constructed on the basis of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and isoenzyme markers. The segregation analysis of the polymorphic
markers was carried out on the progeny of five different crosses between male and female doubled-haploid clones generated
by anther culture. A total of 274 markers have been organized to ten linkage groups spanning 721.4 cM. Since the haploid chromosome
number of asparagus is ten, the established linkage groups probably represent the different chromosomes; however, the only
group associated with a specific chromosome is the one which includes sex, whose determinant genes have been located on chromosome
5. A total of 33 molecular markers (13 RFLPs, 18 AFLPs, 2 RAPDs and 1 isoenzyme) have been located on this chromosome. The
closest marker to the sex determinant is the AFLP SV marker at 3.2 cM.
Received: 26 March 1998 / Accepted: 30 April 1998 相似文献
13.
R. Testolin W. G. Huang O. Lain R. Messina A. Vecchione G. Cipriani 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(1):30-36
A genetic map of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) was constructed using microsatellite and AFLP markers and the pseudo-testcross mapping strategy. (AC)n and (AG)n microsatellite repeats were first isolated from Actinidia chinensis (2n = 2x = 58) enriched genomic libraries and tested for segregation in the interspecific cross between the diploid distantly
related species A. chinensis and A. callosa. Some 105 microsatellite loci of the 251 initially tested segregated in the progeny in a 1:1 ratio as in a classical backcross,
or in a ratio which could mimic the backcross, and were mapped using 94 individuals. AFLP markers were then produced using
MseI and EcoRI restriction enzymes and 15 primer combinations. Nearly 10% of loci showed a distorted segregation at α = 0.05, and only 4% at α = 0.01, irrespectively to the marker class. Two linkage maps
were produced, one for each parent. The female map had 203 loci, of which 160 (71 SSR and 89 AFLP) constituted the framework map at a LOD score ≥ 2.0. The map was 1,758.5 cM(K) long, covering
46% of the estimated genome length. The male map had only 143 loci, of which 116 (28 SSR, 87 AFLP and the sex determinant)
constituted the framework map. The map length was only 1,104.1 cM(K), covering 34% of the estimate genome length. Only 35
SSR loci were mapped in the male parent because 18% of SSR loci that were characterised did not amplify in A. callosa, and 48% were homozygous. The choice of parents in the pseudo-testcross is critically discussed. The sex determinant was
mapped in A. callosa.
Received: 27 July 2000 / Accepted: 31 October 2000 相似文献
14.
J. Garcia-Mas M. Oliver H. Gómez-Paniagua M.C. de Vicente 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(5-6):860-864
Three different types of molecular markers, RAPD, AFLP and RFLP were used to measure genetic diversity among six genotypes
of Cucumis melo L. Each line represented a different melon genotype: Piel de Sapo, Ogen, PI161375, PI414723, Agrestis and C105. A number
of polymorphic RAPD, AFLP and RFLP bands were scored on all materials and the genetic similarity measured. Clustering analysis
performed with the three types of markers separated the genotypes into two main groups: (1) the sweet type, cultivated melons
and (2) the exotic type, not cultivated melons. While the data obtained suggest that all three types of markers are equally
informative, AFLPs showed the highest efficiency in detecting polymorphism.
Received: 30 December 1999 / Accepted: 24 January 2000 相似文献
15.
Estimation of outcrossing rate in a breeding population of Eucalyptus urophylla with dominant RAPD and AFLP markers 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
F. A. Gaiotto M. Bramucci D. Grattapaglia 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):842-849
Eucalyptus breeding is typically conducted by selection in open-pollinated progenies. As mating is controlled only on the female side
of the cross, knowledge of outcrossing versus selfing rates is essential for maintaining adequate levels of genetic variability
for continuous gains. Outcrossing rate in an open-pollinated breeding population of Eucalyptus urophylla was estimated by two PCR-based dominant marker technologies, RAPD and AFLP, using 11 open-pollinated progeny arrays of 24
individuals. Estimated outcrossing rates indicate predominant outcrossing and suggest maintenance of adequate genetic variability
within families. The multilcous outcrossing rate (tm) estimated from RAPD markers (0.93±0.027), although in the same range, was higher (α>0.01) than the estimate based on AFLP
(0.89±0.033). Both estimates were of similar magnitude to those estimated for natural populations using isozymes. The estimated
Wright’s fixation index was lower than expected based on tm possibly resulting from selection against selfed seedlings when sampling plants for the study. An empirical analysis suggests
that 18 is the minimum number of dominant marker loci necessary to achieve robust estimates of tm. This study demonstrates the usefulness of dominant markers, both RAPD and AFLP, for estimating the outcrossing rate in breeding
and natural populations of forest trees. We anticipate an increasing use of such PCR-based technologies in mating-system studies,
in view of their high throughput and universality of the reagents, particularly for species where isozyme systems have not
yet been optimized.
Received: 25 March 1997 / Accepted: 13 May 1997 相似文献
16.
V. Lombard R. Delourme 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(4):491-507
A framework consensus map for rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was constructed from the integration of three DH mapping populations derived from crosses between or within spring- and
winter-type parents. Several sources of genetic markers were used: isozymes, RFLPs, RAPDs, and AFLPs. A total of 992 different
markers were mapped to at least one population, of which 540 were included in the consensus map and 253 were common to at
least two populations. Markers were distributed over 19 linkage groups, thus reflecting the basic chromosome number of rapeseed
and covered 2,429 cM, which was in the mean confidence-interval estimates of genome length (2,127–2,480) cM. Markers were
evenly spaced on the entire genome even if, for several linkage groups, both RAPD and AFLP markers were not uniformly distributed.
In the population resulting from a cross between two spring lines, a higher recombination rate was observed and a translocation
was identified. The consensus approach allowed to map a larger number of markers, to obtain a near-complete coverage of the
rapeseed genome, to fill the number of gaps, and to consolidate the linkage groups of the individual maps.
Received: 19 July 2000 / Accepted: 31 October 2000 相似文献
17.
AFLP markers in a molecular linkage map of maize: codominant scoring and linkage group ditsribution 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Castiglioni P. Ajmone-Marsan R. van Wijk M. Motto 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(3-4):425-431
We exploited the AFLP technique to saturate a RFLP linkage map derived from a maize mapping population. By using two restriction
enzyme, EcoRI and PstI, differing in methylation sensitivity, both in combination with MseI, we detected 1568 bands of which 340 where polymorphic. These were added to the exitsing RFLP marker data to study the effects
of incorporation of AFLPs produced by different restriction-enzyme combinations upon genetic maps. Addition of the AFLP data
resulted in greater genome coverage, both through linking previously separate groups and the extension of other groups. The
increase of the total map length was mainly caused by the addition of markers to telomeric regions, where RFLP markers were
poorly represented. The percentage of informative loci was significantly different between the EcoRI and PstI assays. There was also evidence that PstI AFLP markers were more randomly distributed across chromosomes and chromosome regions, while EcoRI AFLP markers clustered mainly at centomeric regions. The more-random ditsribution of PstI AFLP markers on the genetic map reported here may reflect a preferential localisation of the markers in the hypomethylated
telomeric regions of the chromosomes.
Received: 22 December 1998 / Accepted: 25 March 1999 相似文献
18.
O. E. Scholten R. M. Klein-Lankhorst D. G. Esselink T. S. M. De Bock W. Lange 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):123-130
Molecular markers linked to resistance genes are useful to facilitate the introgression of one or more of these genes in
breeding materials. Following the approach of bulked segregant analysis, RAPD markers linked to resistance genes against beet
necrotic yellow vein virus were identified in the four Beta accessions Holly-1-4, R104, R128 and WB42. Two primers were found which generate RAPD markers tightly linked to resistance
in segregating families of Holly-1-4, R104 and R128, indicating that the resistance genes in these accessions might be situated
at the same locus. Other, specific, primers were identified which generate RAPD markers linked to resistance in each of these
accessions. Short-range maps were established around the resistance locus in these accessions. For WB42, RAPD markers were
only identified at a relatively large distance from the resistance gene. Conversion of three RAPD primers of Holly-1-4, R104
and R128 into STS primers resulted in STS markers which can be readily used for marker-assisted selection in breeding programmes.
Received: 8 January 1996 / Accepted: 14 June 1996 相似文献
19.
G. Charmet P. F. Bert F. Balfourier 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(1-2):90-94
A computer algorithm is presented which allows selection of a subset of multiplex markers based on the minimisation of an
optimality criterion for a genetic linkage map. It could be applied for choosing a subset of primers (e.g. RAPD, IMA or AFLP),
each of which provides several unevenly spaced genetic markers. The goal is to achieve a saturated map of evenly spaced markers,
using as few primers as possible to minimise cost and labour. Minimising the average map distance between markers is trivial,
but simply leads to selection of those primers which provide the greatest number of markers. However, minimising the standard
deviation of interval length ensures that weight is given both to the number of markers and to the evenness of their distribution
on the linkage map. This criterion was found empirically to give a result fairly close to the optimum. A stepwise-like selection
procedure is therefore implemented, which stops when the optimality criterion does not decrease any more. An example is given
of a molecular map of perennial ryegrass with 463 markers obtained from 17 AFLP primers. It is demonstrated that this can
be safely reduced to a 175 marker map with only 6 primers. Genetic diversity studies may also benefit from using such a subset
of less-redundant markers in genetic distance estimation.
Received: 17 March 1999 / Accepted: 23 August 1999 相似文献
20.
A genetic linkage map of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) based on RAPD, ISSR and isozyme markers 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
M. Casasoli C. Mattioni M. Cherubini F. Villani 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(8):1190-1199
A genetic linkage map of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) based on RAPD, ISSR and isozyme markers was constructed using the two-way pseudo-testcross strategy. A total of 96
individuals from a F1 full-sib family was genotyped with 381 molecular markers (311 RAPDs, 65 ISSRs, 5 isozymes). Markers in testcross configuration,
segregating 1:1, were used to establish two separate maternal and paternal maps including 187 and 148 markers, respectively.
The markers identified 12 linkage groups based on the haploid number of chestnut. The female and male framework maps reached
a total length of 720 and 721 cM (Kosambi), respectively, representing a 76% and 68% coverage of the overall genome. A total
of 46 markers, found in intercross configuration, segregating 3:1 and 1:2:1, were used to identify homologous linkage groups
between parental maps; out of 12 linkage groups 11 could be joined. RAPD and ISSR markers showed a good and comparable reliability,
allowing for the first time the establishment of a saturated linkage map for European chestnut. These maps will be a starting
point for studies on the structure, evolution and function of the chestnut genome. Identification of QTLs for adaptive traits
in chestnut will be the primary target.
Received: 3 July 2000 / Accepted: 16 October 2000 相似文献