腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜治疗胆结石合并胆总管结石的临床疗效

目的:探讨腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜治疗胆结石合并胆总管结石的临床疗效。方法:收集我院肝胆科2012年6月到2014年3月住院的胆结石合并胆总管结石60例,按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,各30例,试验组给予腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜治疗,对照组给予传统的开腹胆囊切除以及胆总管探查取石,观察对比两组的临床疗效。结果:试验组手术时间、住院时间、术后恢复时间及术中出血量明显的短于或少于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05),试验组治愈率为96.7%明显的高于对照组的66.7%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组主要不良反应有:结石残留、感染、十二指肠穿孔、恶性呕吐及伤口疼痛等,试验组不良反应发生率为16.67%明显的低于对照组总的73.33%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜治疗胆结石合并胆总管结石较传统的开腹手术治疗的效果好、恢复时间短、手术创伤小,且具有一定的安全性,不良反应发生少,值得临床推广使用。     

The clinical laboratory assessment of vancomycin (Edicin) efficacy in treating suppurative wounds of the skin and soft tissues, burn wounds and the infectious complications of burns]

Clinical and bacteriological efficacies of vancomycin (Edicin, LEK) in the treatment of 17 patients with wound infection and 13 patients with thermal affections were studied. The clinical efficacy in the group of the patients with purulent wounds of the soft tissues amounted to 94.1 per cent and that in the patients with thermal affections was 92.3 per cent. The bacteriological effect was recorded in 86.6 per cent of the patients with purulent wounds of the soft tissues and in 69.3 per cent of the patients with burn infections. The drug intolerability was observed in two cases.     

Use of pefloxacin in the treatment of patients with purulent wounds of soft tissues]

Pefloxacin was used in the treatment of 25 patients with wound infection in a dose of 400 mg orally twice a day for 10-12 days. As the monotherapy it was applied to 15 patients. 7 patients with clinical signs of non-clostridial anaerobic infection were treated with pefloxacin in combination with intravenous metronidazole. Pefloxacin was highly efficient in 96 per cent of the cases with extensive posttraumatic purulent wounds with and without bone affection, acute purulent wounds of the soft tissue, purulent wounds of the soft tissues in diabetic patients, trophic or decubitus ulcer. 266 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter spp. and Acinetobacter spp, were tested and 75 to 100 per cent of them was shown to be susceptible to pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin. At the same time the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella spp. were more susceptible to ciprofloxacin. The pathogen eradication and eradication with superinfection in the cases treated with pefloxacin amounted to 92 per cent. The drug tolerance was good. No clinically significant adverse events were recorded.     

A trial of the use of mupirocin in the nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in medical personnel]

Many hospital-acquired purulent diseases and wound infections are due to multiresistant hospital strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The role of S. aureus nasal carriage in development of wound infections due to autoinfection is confirmed. Not only inpatients but also hospital staff can be highly colonized with coagulase positive staphylococci. The S. aureus persistence in hospital personnel results in distribution of the microorganisms in the environment. Therefore, detection of S. aureus carriers without signs of the infection among the hospital personnel and eradication of the pathogen make it possible to control outbreaks of S. aureus infection in hospitals. Clinical efficacy of nasal ointment of mupirocin in the treatment of S. aureus carriers among the intensive care personnel of the N. N.Blokhin Cancer Research Center was evaluated. S. aureus nasal carriage was diagnosed in 17 (26 per cent) out of 65 persons. All the isolates were susceptible to oxacillin. 5-7 days after discontinuation of the mupirocin nasal ointment use eradication of S. aureus was stated in 100 per cent of the cases. The effect was still observed in 94 per cent of the cases in 1 month, in 76 per cent of the cases in 5-6 months and in 60 per cent of the cases in 8-9 months. It is believed that mupirocin nasal ointment (Bactroban) is convenient to use, low toxic and highly active in the treatment of persons with S. aureus nasal carriage.     

消肿溃痈方联合湿润烧伤膏对肛周脓肿术后患者创面愈合效果、肛门功能和血清生长因子的影响

摘要 目的：观察消肿溃痈方联合湿润烧伤膏对肛周脓肿术后患者创面愈合效果、肛门功能和血清生长因子的影响。方法：按照双色球法,将2020年5月~2022年12月期间湖南中医药大学第一附属医院收治的120例肛周脓肿术后患者分为对照组（n=60,接受湿润烧伤膏治疗）和观察组（n=60,消肿溃痈方联合湿润烧伤膏治疗）。对比两组疗效、临床指标、肛门功能指标、血清生长因子指标。结果：与对照组相比,观察组的临床总有效率更高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组的疼痛消失时间、肿胀消失时间、住院时间和创面愈合时间更短（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组治疗3个疗程后肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压、直肠最大耐受阈值更高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组治疗3个疗程后碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、酸性成纤维细胞生长因子（aFGF）更高（P<0.05）。结论：消肿溃痈方联合湿润烧伤膏可促进肛周脓肿术后患者创面愈合,改善患者的肛门功能,促进血清生长因子分泌。     

膝关节镜微创手术治疗胫骨内侧平台骨折的临床研究

目的:探讨膝关节镜辅助下采用微创手术治疗老年胫内平台骨折的临床疗效及安全性。方法:按照随机数字表法将2012年1月~2014年1月我院骨科收治的老年胫骨内侧平台骨折患者分为两组,治疗组行膝关节镜辅助下微创手术治疗,对照组行常规手术固定治疗,比较两组的临床疗效及安全性。结果:治疗组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组的HSS评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.015,P=0.044);两组术后并发症主要有伤口化脓、骨折畸形、膝关节僵直、创伤性关节炎以及伤口软组织不同程度的感染,治疗组发生率16.67%,对照组40.00%,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:老年胫骨内侧平台骨折在膝关节镜辅助下采用微创手术治疗能够有效减轻患者疾病负担,且具有临床疗效好、安全性高等特点,临床有重要参考价值。     

Studies on wound healing potential of red pigment isolated from marine Bacterium Vibrio sp.

Wounds are common clinical entities of life which may be subacute or acute. Wound healing is a complex biochemical process where the cell structures are restored to normalcy, which depend on cell proliferation and migration, basically fibroblast cell. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the healing efficacy of red pigment isolated from marine isolate Vibrio sps on experimental wounds in albino rats. The red pigment was applied topically, twice daily for 14 days. Treatment with framycetin ointment was used as reference control. The red pigment treated group showed faster reduction in wound area in comparison with control and framycetin ointment treated groups. In conclusion, red pigment possesses significant healing potential in wounds and has a positive influence on the different phases of wound repair.     

Antibacterial prophylaxis and treatment of wound infection in the light of the development of the ideas of Z. V. Ermol'eva

At present we use antibiotics in treatment of wound infections on the basis of the teaching of Z. V. Ermolyeva on their prophylactic and therapeutic value developed during the Great Patriotic War. We consider that along with thorough primary surgical treatment the use of antibiotics in cases with open fracture is indicated. In "clear" operations on the bones and joints we use antibiotics only in patients with risk of infection. In cases with purulent infection and isolation of multicomponent microbial associations from the wound including also nonsporulating anaerobic organisms we mostly apply combined antibacterial chemotherapy with immunotherapy and surgical treatment.     

三种药物联合治疗假丝酵母菌性阴道炎的临床疗效评价

目的:研究克霉唑阴道片、硝夫太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊联合定君生栓治疗复发性假丝酵母菌性阴道炎的临床疗效,为临床治疗提供依据。方法:选取2014年9月到2015年6月我院就诊的复发性假丝酵母菌性阴道炎患者60例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为实验组和对照组,每组30例,实验组给予克霉唑阴道片、硝夫太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊联合定君生栓治疗,对照组给予克霉唑阴道片和定君生栓治疗,治疗前检测所有患者病原菌分布情况,治疗后随访3个月,分析两组临床疗效和不良反应。结果:细菌培养结果共分离出158株假丝酵母菌,其中白色假丝酵母菌最多,占66.46%;实验组总有效率为93.33%,显著高于对照组的76.67%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:克霉唑阴道片、硝夫太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊联合定君生栓治疗复发性假丝酵母菌性阴道炎具有较好的临床疗效,且无明显不良反应。     

Clinico-laboratory effectiveness of modern ointments with a polyethylene glycol base in the treatment of purulent wounds]

The 25-year experience with the underbandage treatment of soft tissue purulent wounds of various location and genesis with modern ointments with polyethylene glycol as the basis was analyzed. Levocin, levomecole, dioxycole, 5-percent dioxydinic, 1-percent iodopyronic, 0.5-percent quinifuryl and furagel ointments proved to preserve their high activity against aerobic grampositive and gramnegative flora. 10-percent mafenide acetate ointment had a high selective effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The new ointments nitacid and streptonitole containing nitazole and white streptocide were highly active against both aerobic and anaerobic infections. The use of the ointments with the polyethylene glycol as the basis made it possible to decrease 2 times the period of the patient hospitalization in surgical units and to shorten the terms of the systemic antibacterial therapy. The marked therapeutic effect of such ointments due to their high dehydrating capacity and broad antibacterial spectrum enabled to consider them as the drugs of choice in the local treatment of purulent wounds during the 1st phase of the wound process, trophic and decubic ulcers, infected burns, diabetic and atherosclerotic gangrene, furuncles, carbuncles, mastitis, etc. The ointments in the water soluble vehicle can be as well used with success for the prophylactic treatment of infected wounds after the suture. The multitarget effect of the ointments in the water soluble vehicle and their ability to prevent severe purulent complications permitted to consider them as the 1st order drugs in cases of emergency.     

玉肤解毒膏治疗结直肠癌患者卡培他滨化疗所致手足综合征的疗效观察

摘要 目的：观察玉肤解毒膏治疗结直肠癌患者卡培他滨化疗所致手足综合征的临床疗效,为临床提供合理治疗方案。方法：选择2021年月-2022年5月湖南省肿瘤医院门诊或住院部确诊为结直肠癌行含卡培他滨方案化疗所致手足综合征患者60例。所有患者采用抛掷硬币法分为玉肤解毒膏组和尿素软膏组,各30例。玉肤解毒膏组采用玉肤解毒膏治疗;尿素软膏组采用尿素软膏治疗,2组均连续治疗21 d。观察2组手足综合征分级改善情况、临床疗效、中医证候积分、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、手足皮肤反应生活质量量（HF-QoL）评分及焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分。结果：玉肤解毒膏组在降低手足综合征分级及提高治疗总有效率上均优于尿素软膏组（P＜0.05）;治疗后2组中医证候积分、VAS评分、HF-QoL评分及SAS评分较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,且玉肤解毒膏组均低于尿素软膏组（P＜0.05）。结论：玉肤解毒膏治疗结直肠癌患者卡培他滨化疗所致手足综合征的临床疗效确切,可有效降低患者临床分级,降低中医证候积分、缓解疼痛症状,改善患者生活质量及焦虑状况,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

封闭式负压引流术联合自体游离皮片植皮治疗四肢皮肤软组织感染创面的疗效观察

探究封闭式负压引流术(VSD)联合自体游离皮片植皮治疗四肢皮肤软组织感染创面的疗效及其对疼痛的影响。方法:选择2018年12月-2020年10月北京积水潭医院收治的四肢皮肤软组织感染创面患者90例,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组采用传统的治疗方法治疗,观察组采用VSD联合自体游离皮片植皮治疗。对比两组治疗结束后的临床疗效,并观察两组治疗前以及治疗后24 h、3 d的疼痛程度,对比两组一般治疗情况及治疗过程中的不良反应。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为93.33%,显著高于对照组的68.89%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在治疗后24 h和3 d的数字疼痛量表(NRS)评分低于治疗前,治疗后3 d NRS疼痛评分低于治疗后24 h(均P<0.05),且治疗后24 h和3 d观察组NRS疼痛评分均显著低于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组患者并发症的发生率为31.11%,明显低于对照组的57.78%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组换药频率显著低于对照组,且疼痛暂缓时间、创面愈合时间、住院时间更短,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:VSD联合自体游离皮片植皮有利于提高治疗四肢皮肤软组织感染创面的临床疗效,缓解患者疼痛症状,并降低并发症发生率。     

布地奈德联合福莫特罗治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并感染患者的疗效观察

目的:探讨布地奈德联合福莫特罗治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并感染患者的临床疗效。方法:选择2012年10月~2014年10月我院收治的COPD合并感染患者共84例,按照随机数字表法将患者随机分为试验组和对照组。两组患者均给予常规综合治疗,在此基础上对照组给予布地奈德,试验组在对照组治疗基础上联合福莫特罗,观察患者治疗前后血气功能、肺功能指标和临床疗效。结果:治疗后试验组Pa CO2显著低于对照组(P0.05),Pa O2和Sa O2显著高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后试验组FEV1、FVC和FEV1/FVC均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。实验组治疗后的总有效率为95.24%,显著高于对照组的78.57%(P0.05)。结论:采用布地奈德和福莫特罗联合应用治疗COPD合并感染患者有协同效果,能够有效改善患者的血气指标、肺功能和临床效果,值得推广应用。     

湿润烧伤膏联合封闭负压引流术对糖尿病足溃疡患者神经传导速度、溃疡创面血管新生及氧化应激水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨湿润烧伤膏联合封闭负压引流术（VSD）对糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）患者神经传导速度、溃疡创面血管新生及氧化应激水平的影响。方法：选取我院2021年1月~2022年5月间收治的80例DFU患者,根据信封抽签法分为对照组（n=40）和研究组（n=40）。两组患者在住院期间均接受基础治疗,在此基础上,对照组接受VSD治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上接受湿润烧伤膏治疗。观察两组临床指标、生活质量、神经传导速度、溃疡创面血管新生及氧化应激水平的变化情况。结果：研究组的创面愈合率高于对照组,创面愈合时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗后踝肱指数（ABI）高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗后简明健康调查量表（SF-36）各维度评分高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗后腓总神经感觉神经传导速度（SCV）、腓总神经运动神经传导速度（MCV）、正中神经MCV、正中神经SCV高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗后内皮抑素（ES）低于对照组,血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗后丙二醛（MDA）、晚期蛋白氧化产物（AOPP）低于对照组,超氧化物歧化酶 （SOD）高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：湿润烧伤膏联合VSD应用于DFU患者,可促进其创面愈合,提高神经传导速度和生活质量,可能与调节氧化应激水平、促进溃疡创面血管新生相关。     

Use of cefoperazone in clinical practice]

The bacteriological and clinical efficacy and side effects of cefoperazone were studied in 45 patients with severe and moderate purulent inflammatory diseases. The study showed that its bacteriological and clinical efficacy was high in cases with peritonitis, cholecystitis, respiratory and urinary infections, as well as those of the eye and soft tissues. The general clinical efficacy amounted to 95.6 per cent. The number of the side effects was insignificant. This made it possible to recommend the use of cefoperazone in the therapy of many purulent inflammatory diseases, as well as in empirical therapy.     

Optimal control of the microflora environment in suppurative foci

The informative capacity of various statistic parameters characterizing the ecology of pathogens of purulent processes was studied. Many-years' results of the routine bacteriological tests of the materials from purulent wounds in patients from surgical, traumatological and burn departments served as the study subjects. The frequency, persistence and contamination capacity of the pathogens were investigated. Data on the changes in the frequency parameter with respect to the main pathogens of wound infections in various contingents of patients were collected. In relation to the observation period and contingent of the patients, various microorganisms were found to be permanent, supplementary and casual. The use of the ecological parameters was shown to provide integrated information on the etiological role of the pathogens in the development of purulent processes. The information characterized the microbial properties which should be considered in planning the use of antibacterial drugs and estimating the efficacy of the epidemiological control.     

胫后动脉穿支皮瓣与吻合皮下静脉的带蒂皮瓣对四肢皮肤及软组织缺损的应用效果对比

摘要 目的：对比胫后动脉穿支皮瓣与吻合皮下静脉的带蒂皮瓣对四肢皮肤及软组织缺损的应用效果。方法：选取2017年3月到2022年3月68例四肢皮肤及软组织缺损患者,各组均为34例。所有患者均采取皮瓣修复手术,对照组患者采取胫后动脉穿支皮瓣治疗,观察组采取吻合皮下静脉的带蒂皮瓣治疗。对比临床疗效,术中出血量、等指标,最后对两组患者进行1年随访,对比其并发症发生率及1年内术后二次修复情况。结果：观察组治疗总有效率较对照组高（P＜0.05）;两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、术后VAS评分对比无明显差异,观察组住院时间、创面愈合时间明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者术后感觉功能恢复S3级、S2级、S1级、S0级人数对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,观察组术后感觉功能恢复S4级人数明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）;与对照组相比,观察组出现的并发症发生率、术后二次修复率低（P＜0.05）。结论：吻合皮下静脉的带蒂皮瓣修复与胫后动脉穿支皮瓣修复术相比可进一步改善疗效,缩短住院时间,有利于创面愈合、感觉功能恢复,降低远期并发症发生率及术后二次修复率,值得临床应用推广。     

锁定钢板与保守治疗老年肱骨外科颈骨折的临床疗效比较

目的:探讨锁定钢板与保守治疗在老年肱骨外科颈骨折患者中的临床疗效及安全性。方法:收集我院就诊的124例肱骨外科颈骨折患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各62例。实验组患者给予肱骨近端的锁定加压钢板术,对照组患者给予保守治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后肩关节Constant评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)水平、临床治疗有效率以及并发症发生情况。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后的肩关节Constant评分水平均升高,VAS评分水平均下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者的肩关节Constant评分水平均较高,VAS评分水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者临床治疗有效率较高,并发症发生率较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:相比于保守治疗,锁定钢板对于老年的肱骨外科颈骨折的疗效和安全性均较高。     

负压封闭引流技术与传统打包技术治疗四肢软组织损伤及后期植皮的临床疗效比较

目的:观察和比较负压引流技术(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)与传统打包技术治疗四肢软组织损伤及后期植皮的临床疗效。方法:选择2010年1月-2013年1月在我院分别接受负压引流技术(实验组)及常规打包技术(对照组)治疗的随访资料完整的四肢软组织损伤患者共127例。记录和比较两组患者的手术时间、住院时间、创面愈合时间、换药次数和并发症的发生情况等。结果:实验组的手术时间、住院时间、创面愈合时间、平均手术次数和换药次数均明显短于或少于对照组(P0.05)。两组术后创面感染的发生情况比较无统计学差异,经再次清创后感染控制,行植皮手术后恢复良好。结论:与传统的打包技术比较,VSD技术用于治疗软组织损伤及后期植皮,可以更有效地缩短手术和住院时间及减少手术次数,是一种治疗四肢软组织损伤的安全有效的方法。     

清热促愈汤坐浴促进混合痔术后创面愈合的效果及对肛肠动力学和新生血管形成的影响

摘要 目的：观察清热促愈汤坐浴促进混合痔术后创面愈合的效果及对肛肠动力学和新生血管形成的影响。方法：按照随机数字表法将湖南中医药大学第一附属医院2021年1月~2022年6月期间收治的116例混合痔患者分为对照组（常规治疗,n=58）和实验组（常规治疗的基础上接受清热促愈汤坐浴治疗,n=58）。对比两组疗效、创面改善情况、肛肠动力学和新生血管形成指标。结果：实验组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。实验组的水肿消失时间、创面疼痛消失时间、创面愈合时间、肉芽组织生长时间均短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗6周后,两组肛管最大收缩压（MSP）、高压区长度（HPZ）、直肠最大耐受容量（MTV）下降,且实验组低于对照组(P<0.05);直肠静息压（RRP）升高,且实验组高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗6周后,两组血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、碱性成纤维生长因子（bFGF）、血小板源性生长因子（PDGF）升高,且实验组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：清热促愈汤坐浴可促进混合痔术后创面愈合,促进新生血管形成,改善肛肠动力学。