巨噬细胞集落刺激因子与动脉粥样硬化

巨噬细胞集落刺激因子与动脉粥样硬化欧阳谦,周玫,陈瑗（第一军医大学自由基医学研究室,广州５１０５１５）关键词巨噬细胞集落刺激因子,氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白,动脉粥样硬化巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＭＣＳＦ）是一种多肽类激素样造血生长因子,可由单核细胞、巨噬细胞...     

粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子微球制剂的体外释放研究

目的：开发一种粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM—CSF）长效缓释微球剂型。方法：采用S／O／hO法制备了包裹粒细胞一巨噬细胞集落刺激因子多糖玻璃体颗粒的PLGA微球,考察了微球的表面形态、粒径分布等,并且运用ELISA方法考察了微球的体外释放效果。结果：本方法制备的粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子微球光滑圆整,粒径分布均匀,体外可以缓释达32天,累积释放率接近90％。结论：本方法制备的粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子微球能有效地保护蛋白活性,同时实现长效缓释的目标,是一种可行的蛋白缓释方案。     

聚乙二醇定点修饰重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子突变体的研究

研究了重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子突变体（rmhG-CSF）的聚乙二醇化修饰、分离纯化和活性鉴定。通过对人重组粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）第1,3,4,5,17位氨基酸进行突变,并在C末端加了一个半胱氨酸,获得了体外活性为原型rhG-CSF 150％以上的重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子突变体（rmhG-CSF）。然后用分子量为20kD的甲氧聚乙二醇马来酸酐（mPEG-Mal）修饰rmhG-CSF,反应混合物经离子交换和凝胶过滤柱纯化,得到纯化的聚乙二醇重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子突变体（PEG-rmhG-CSF）。SDS-PAGE电泳分析表明纯化后的PEG-rmhG-CSF的纯度大于95％,体外活性分析表明PEG-rmhG-CSF活性优于目前临床使用的聚乙二醇重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（PEG-rhG-CSF,Neulasta^?）,药代动力学研究表明PEG-rmhG-CSF体内半衰期约为14h,比修饰前延长了7倍。     

培养大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞产生巨噬细胞集落刺激因子及其受体的表达

本研究用培养大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣｓ）,结果如下：（１）用生物活性检测法发现ＶＳＭＣｓ无血清条件培养液可刺激巨噬细胞集落形成,其作用能被抗巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＭＣＳＦ）抗体抑制;（２）用免疫细胞化学技术证明ＶＳＭＣｓ存在ＭＣＳＦ受体;（３）用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ技术证明ＶＳＭＣｓ有ＭＣＳＦ及其受本的ｍＲＮＡ表达,血清刺激使两者表达明显增强。本研究首次报道了培养大鼠主动脉ＶＳＭＣ     

FL对脐血造血细胞长期液体培养的影响

用脐血进行干细胞移植有许多优点,但有一个主要的缺点是可获得的细胞数量有限,因此脐血干细胞的体外扩增对于其临床应用具有重要意义。考察了Ｆｌｔ－３配体（ＦＬ）和干细胞因子（ＳＣＦ）,白介素３（ＩＬ－３）,ＩＬ－６,粒细胞集落刺激因子（Ｇ－ＣＳＦ）,粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）的组合对脐血细胞扩增和分化的影响,培养４２ｄ,总细胞最多扩增了３８５．３０±１６３．５１倍（ＦＬ＋ＳＣＦ＋Ｇ－ＣＳ     

大肠杆菌表达的重组人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rhGM-CSF)的纯化

对重组人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ｒｈＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）的工程菌表达产物进行纯化,经过超声破碎,包涵体抽提,凝胶层析,复性,离子交换一系列纯化步骤,终产物纯度达９８％,比活性达１０００００００ｕ／ｍｇ。     

大肠杆菌表达的重组人粒细胞—巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（rhGM—CS…

对重组人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ｒｈＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）的工程菌表达产物进行纯化,经过超声破碎,包涵体抽提,凝胶层析,复性,离子交换一系列纯化步骤,终产物纯度达９８％,比活性达１０００００００ｕ／ｍｇ。     

毛喉萜对小鼠骨髓细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞表面胰岛素受体和GM－CSF受体的下调作用

放射性标记受体分析表明毛喉萜（ＦＳＫ）可以降低小鼠骨央细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞表面的胰岛素（ＩＮＳ）和粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）受体数目,而且对ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ的作用有剂量和时间依赖性,经ＦＳＫ处理的巨噬细胞酸性磷酸酶活性增加,微丝更加舒展。     

粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子微球制剂治疗肿瘤的研究

目的：评价粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM—csF）微球剂型在肿瘤动物模型治疗作用。方法：建立肿瘤动物模型,微球剂型对该肿瘤模型治疗效果考察及毒性评价,同时与市售的注射水溶液剂型进行比较。结果：微球剂型和市售水溶液注射剂型同剂量对肿瘤模型治疗效果,微球剂型的效果明显好于市售的;同时微球剂型的毒性也小于市售的。结论：粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子微球能提高GM—CSF治疗效果,同时降低毒性。     

非转座子载体介导的稳定转化家蚕BmN细胞表达人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子

为了建立非转座子载体介导的持续表达外源基因的转化家蚕BmN细胞系,将家蚕核型多角体病毒极早期基因(ie-1)启动子控制的人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(hGM-CSF)基因的表达盒克隆至pIZT/V5-His,获得重组载体pIZT-IE-hGM-CSF,该载体转染家蚕BmN细胞后,通过博莱霉素(Zeocin)筛选获得了稳定转化细胞系IE-hGM-CSF。转基因细胞基因组经PCR鉴定,成功检测到ie-hGM-CSF,Western blotting分析结果显示转化细胞表达的重组hGM-CSF的大小为22kDa,ELISA检测结果显示hGM-CSF在转化细胞系里的表达水平大约为2814.7pg/106个细胞。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.