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髓性白血病细胞HL60自发超微弱生物光子辐射研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用光子计数成像采集系统(PIAS)对髓性白血病细胞HL60自发的超微弱生物光子辐射进行了初步研究,获得了HL60细胞的生物光子强度与培养时间及细胞密度的关系。研究表明,HL60细胞的生物光子强度反映了细胞繁殖规律性及新陈代谢状况。为进一步探索肿瘤细胞与抗癌药物作用的生物光子效应,我们把TNF-β(肿瘤坏死因子)对悬浮HL60细胞进行处理,发现比同性质无TNF-β药物的对照组有更强的的超微弱光子辐射。 相似文献
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不同耐旱性水稻幼苗对氧化胁迫的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
干旱条件下水稻(Oryza sativa L.)耐旱性较强的“湘中籼2号”比耐旱性较弱的“湘早籼12号”O^72的产生速率低。百草枯(0.01mmol/L)和H2O2(10 mmol/L)处理进干旱对水稻幼苗的伤害,但耐早性较强的品种伤害较轻。单独用百草枯处理后,耐旱性较强的品种比耐旱性较弱的品种能更大幅度地提高超氧化经酶的过氧化物酶的活性;而H2O2处理后耐旱性较强的品种能提高过氧化氯酶活性。这 相似文献
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不同耐旱性水稻幼苗对氧化胁迫的反应 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
干旱条件下水稻(Oryza sativa L.)耐旱性较强的“湘中籼2号”比耐旱性较弱的“湘早釉12号”O_2~-的产生速率低。百草枯(0.01mmol/L)和H_2O_2(10mmol/L)处理促进干旱对水稻幼苗的伤害,但耐旱性较强的品种伤害较轻。单独用百草枯处理后,耐旱性较强的品种比耐旱性较弱的品种能更大幅度地提高超氧物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性;而H_2O_2处理后耐旱性较强的品种能提高过氧化氢酶活性。这些结果表明,耐旱性较强的水稻品种有较强的抗氧化胁迫能力。 相似文献
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以抗旱性较强的荔枝东刘1号和抗旱性较弱的陈紫1-2年分盆栽实生幼苗为试验材料。研究了水分胁迫对荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn)叶片细胞胞质以及以离子键和共价键与细胞壁结合的H^ -ATPase活性的影响。结果表明:(1)叶片相对含水量随水分胁迫程度的增加而减少,抗旱性强的东刘1号下降的幅度小于抗旱性弱的陈紫。(2)H^ -ATPase在细胞中的分布是:细胞胞质H^ -ATPase占绝大多数,其次是共价键结合H^ -ATPase,离子键结合H^ -ATPase最少,品种间差异不明显。(3)在水分胁迫下,荔枝叶片H^ -ATPase活性(比活性)均上升,抗旱性强的品种上升的幅度均大于抗旱性弱的品种。 相似文献
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玉米中哺乳动物细胞凋亡相关基因rb同源序列的检出及其荧光原位杂交 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杨征 《Acta Botanica Sinica》1999,41(12):1339-1341
细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)是当今发育生物学研究的热点之一。成视网膜细胞瘤 (retinoblastoma ,rb)基因是动物中第一个被克隆的肿瘤抑制基因 ,当细胞中缺失rb产物时 ,导致细胞凋亡。本研究采用South ern杂交技术 ,进一步证明玉米和水稻基因组中具有rb基因的同源序列 ,并利用染色体原位杂交技术 ,首次确定了这一序列在玉米染色体上的位置。1 材料和方法1 1 实验材料供试玉米 (ZeamaysL .)品种为“黄早四”和“大红袍” ,供试水稻 (OryzasativaL .)品种为“鄂早 6号”。人rb基因的… 相似文献
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转入盐地碱蓬谷胱甘肽转移酶和过氧化氢酶基因增强水稻幼苗对低温胁迫的抗性 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
以水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种中花11号成熟种子为材料,利用农杆菌介导法将盐地碱蓬的GST(谷胱甘肽转移酶)单基因和GST+CAT1(catalase 1)双基因转入低温敏感水稻品种中花11号,并对T4代转基因水稻幼苗的抗低温特性进行了分析。结果显示,低温处理后,转基因植株的GST和CAT活性都比未转入这两种基因的对照高;且PSⅡ最大光化学效率也高于非转基因对照;而H2O2和MDA(malondialdehyde)含量及细胞膜透性则低于对照。说明转基因水稻幼苗GST和GST+CAT1的表达提高了对低温胁迫的抗性。 相似文献
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水稻的光合作用、生长、碳同位素分辨作用及抗渗透胁迫性对CO2浓度增高响应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
四个水稻(Oryza sativaL.)品种“IR72”、“特三矮2号”、“桂朝2号”和“Ⅱ优4480”在田间栽于含35μmol/mol和60μmol/molCO2的塑料大棚中,自然光照,高浓度CO2下供试水稻品种的光合速率变化表现为提高型(“IR72”、“特三矮2号”)、稳定型(“桂朝2号”的Pn几无变化)和下调型(“Ⅱ优4480”)。生长速率,穗重,由△^13C计算而得的长期水分利用效率和清除DPPH自由基的能力皆增加,除“Ⅱ优4480”外,其他3个品种明显增高总生物量,供试品种的穗重/总生物量比不同程度地受到高浓度CO2的改变,叶片段经PEG渗透胁迫后,不同的生长于高浓度CO2的电解质渗漏率较小,结果表明高浓度CO2可改变水稻的海外侨胞事作用和水分关系特性,品种间不同的响应显示了选育适于未来高浓度CO2下具有高产和抗逆性品种的可能性。 相似文献
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通过三级营养关系的传递,研究不同寄主食物和寄主对雅脊金小蜂Theocolax elegans(Westwood)子代性比、体型和翅型的影响。结果表明:雅脊金小蜂寄生小麦粒中的玉米象Sitophilus zeamais(Motschulsky)或米象Sitophilus oryzae(L.)的子代蜂量均显著高于寄生玉米粒中的玉米象或米象的子代蜂量;寄生小麦粒中的米象与玉米象的蜂量之间差异不显著,雌雄性比之间也差异不显著。子代雌蜂个体的体长均显著长于雄蜂的体长;但在寄生玉米粒中的米象时,其子代雌蜂和雄蜂的个体大小是最小的。长翅型雅脊金小蜂在寄生小麦粒中的米象或玉米象时,其子代长翅型的个体数量显著多于寄生于玉米粒中的米象或玉米象的子代长翅型个体数量。因此,用小麦粒中的米象或玉米象来繁殖雅脊金小蜂较之用玉米粒中的玉米象或米象的繁殖效率更高。 相似文献
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水稻种质资源芽期耐冷性的鉴定与评价 总被引:18,自引:4,他引:18
对新收集的879份水稻种质资源进行了水稻芽期耐冷性的鉴定与评价,从中筛选出芽期耐冷性极强的水稻种质资源39份,均为贵州地方粳稻品种.供试粳稻品种61.23%具有强芽期耐冷性(3级),而籼稻品种只有13.77%具有强芽期耐冷性(3级 ),粳稻品种的芽期耐冷性显著强于籼稻品种.无论籼稻,还是粳稻,贵州地方稻种的芽期耐冷性显著强于来自其他地区的品种,从贵州地方稻种中挖掘极强耐冷种质资源的潜力较大 . 相似文献
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应用ACGM标记分析禾本科几个物种间的系统发生关系 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了验证水稻基因组数据的通用性,利用ACGM标记分析了禾本科几个不同种属植物的亲缘关系。选用10份材料,它们分别代表禾本科的5个属(Oryza,Zea, Setaria ,Triticum,和Phyllostachys)。根据遗传距离建立了一个聚类树。这5个属的亲缘关系可以简单地表示为:((Oryza+(Zea+Setaria))+Triticum)+Phyllostachys。研究结果表明,水稻与玉米或水稻与粟之间的遗传距离比水稻和小麦或水稻与竹子之间的遗传距离近。 相似文献
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The characteristics of root plasma membrane ATPase (PM-ATPase) of "Weiyou 49", a K+ -deficit tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L. ) variety and of "Yuanyou 1", a K+ -deficit non-tolerant rice variety, had some similarities:Their optimum pH value were both about 6.0; Their activities reached the maximum at ATP concentration of 3 mmol/L; Km was 0.85 mmol/L and external K+ stimulated their activities. However, when [K+ ] was less than or equal to 50 mmol/L in the medium, the increasing of K + stimulated the activity of the PM-ATPase of "Weiyou 49" much more than that of "Yuanyou 1". When [K+ ] was between 100 to 200 mmol/L, the difference of the PM-AT- Pase activities decreased between the two rice varieties caused by K + stimulation. The basic H + extrusion of the two varieties had no apparent difference, but the H + extrusion stimulated by K + was different. The H+ extrusion of "Weiyou 49" was relatively more sensitive to external K+ . The experiment using inhibitors showed that there were close relationship between the PM-ATPase activi- ties stimulated by K+ and K+ uptake in the two varieties. The inhibition of PM-ATPase activity and H+ -extrusion stimulated by K+ reduced the K+ uptake of the root segments in both varieties. So the possible reason for "Weiyou 49" growing well in the low external K+ was that its PM-ATPase and H+ extrusion was more sensitive to external K+ , especially when [K+ ] was low. 相似文献
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Varietal effects of eight paired lines of transgenic Bt maize and near-isogenic non-Bt maize on soil microbial and nematode community structure 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Griffiths BS Heckmann LH Caul S Thompson J Scrimgeour C Krogh PH 《Plant biotechnology journal》2007,5(1):60-68
A glasshouse experiment was undertaken to provide baseline data on the variation between conventional maize (Zea mays L.) varieties and genetically modified maize plants expressing the insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis protein (Bt, Cry1Ab). The objective was to determine whether the variation in soil parameters under a range of conventional maize cultivars exceeded the differences between Bt and non-Bt maize cultivars. Variations in plant growth parameters (shoot and root biomass, percentage carbon, percentage nitrogen), Bt protein concentration in shoots, roots and soil, soil nematode abundance and soil microbial community structure were determined. Eight paired varieties (i.e. varieties genetically modified to express Bt protein and their near-isogenic control varieties) were investigated, together with a Bt variety for which no near-isogenic control was available (NX3622, a combined transformant expressing both Bt and herbicide tolerance) and a conventional barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety which was included as a positive control. The only plant parameter which showed a difference between Bt varieties and near-isogenic counterparts was the shoot carbon to nitrogen ratio; this was observed for only two of the eight varieties, and so was not attributable to the Bt trait. There were no detectable differences in the concentration of Bt protein in plant or soil with any of the Bt-expressing varieties. There were significant differences in the abundance of soil nematodes, but this was not related to the Bt trait. Differences in previously published soil nematode studies under Bt maize were smaller than these varietal effects. Soil microbial community structure, as determined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, was strongly affected by plant growth stage but not by the Bt trait. The experimental addition of purified Cry1Ab protein to soil confirmed that, at ecologically relevant concentrations, there were no measurable effects on microbial community structure. 相似文献
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An overview of rhizosphere processes related with plant nutrition in major cropping systems in China 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Rhizosphere processes of individual plants have been widely investigated since 1904 when the term “rhizosphere” was first put forward. However, little attention has been paid to rhizosphere effects at an agro-ecosystem level. This paper presents recent research on the rhizosphere processes in relation to plant nutrition in main cropping systems in China. In the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)/maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping system, maize was found to improve the Fe nutrition of peanut through influencing its rhizosphere processes, suggesting an important role of phytosiderophores released from Fe-deficient maize. Intercropping between maize and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) was found to improve nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in the two crops compared with corresponding sole crop. There was a higher land equivalent ratio (LER) in the intercropping system of maize and faba bean than the treatment of no root interactions between the two crops. The increased yield of maize intercropped with faba bean resulted from an interspecific facilitation in nutrient uptake, depending on interspecific root interactions of the two crops. In the rotation system of rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops, Mn deficiency in wheat was caused by excessive Mn uptake by rice and Mn leaching from topsoil to subsoil due to periodic cycles of flooding and drying. However, wheat genotypes tolerant to Mn deficiency tended to distribute more roots to deeper soil layer and thus expand their rhizosphere zones in the Mn-deficient soils and utilize Mn from the subsoil. Deep ploughing also helped root penetration into subsoil and was propitious to correcting Mn deficiency in wheat rotated with rice. In comparison, oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) took up more Mn than wheat through mobilizing sparingly soluble soil Mn due to acidification and reduction processes in the rhizosphere. Thus, oilseed rape was tolerant to the Mn-deficient conditions in the rice-oilseed rape rotation. Oxidation reactions on root surface of rice also resulted in the formation of Fe plaque in the rice rhizosphere. Large amounts of Zn were accumulated on the Fe plaque. Zinc uptake by rice plants increased as Fe plaque formed, but decreased at high amounts of Fe plaque. It is suggested that to fine-tune cropping patterns and optimize nutrient management based on a better understanding of rhizosphere processes at an agro-ecosystem level is crucial for increasing nutrient use efficiency and developing sustainable agriculture in China. 相似文献
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J. Crossa B. Westcott C. Gonzalez 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1988,75(6):863-868
Summary The yield stability of some CIMMYT tropical maize (Zea mays L.) populations of early and intermediate maturity, measured by the performance of varieties derived from them, was determined. Results of the stability analyses, conducted over international environments from 1980 to 1983, indicated that selections from Mezcla Amarilla exhibited good stability in high yielding sites. Varieties derived from Antigua-Republica Dominicana tended to be more stable in unfavourable environments, whereas selections from Blanco Cristalino-1 and Blanco Dentado-2 were stable in both low and high production sites. The combination of enviromental factors in the specific test locations, namely Poza Rica (Mexico), Tocumen (Panama), Islamabad (Pakistan), and Ferkessedougou (Ivory Coast), allowed selection of varieties that are very stable in other regions of the world. The varieties formed on the basis of multilocational data do not seem to be any more stable than those formed using data from a single location. 相似文献