玉叶金花的组织培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　玉叶金花 (Ｍｕｓｓａｅｎｄａｐｕｂｅｓｃｅｎｓ)。2　材料类别　嫩茎、幼叶。3　培养条件　以ＭＳ为基本培养基。诱导愈伤组织附加 :( 1 )ＮＡＡ 0 .2ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＫＴ0 .2 5 6 ＢＡ 0 .1 ;( 2 )ＮＡＡ 0 .5 ＫＴ 0 .2 5 6 ＢＡ0 .1 ;( 3)ＮＡＡ 0 .5 6 ＢＡ 0 .1 ;( 4 ) 2 ,4 Ｄ 0 .2 ＫＴ0 .1。继代培养基附加 :( 5 ) 6 ＢＡ 4 ＫＴ0 .2 5 ＩＡＡ 0 .5。不定芽诱导及增殖培养基附加 :( 6)6 ＢＡ 4 ＫＴ 0 .5 ＩＡＡ 0 .1。生根培养基 :( 7)1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 0 .5。上述培养基均含 0 .7%琼脂、3%蔗…     

木立芦荟的组织培养及快速繁殖

1　植物名称　木立芦荟 (Ａｌｏｅａｒｂｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｓｖａｒ .ｎａｔａｌｅｎｓｉｓ)。2　材料类别　具芽点的茎段。3　培养条件　芽诱导培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .2。不定芽增殖培养基 :( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ;( 4 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ;( 5)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1。生根培养基 :( 6)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5;( 7) 1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5;( 8)ＭＳ。以上培养基均加 0 .7%琼脂、3%蔗糖 ,ｐＨ5.8。培养温度 2 2～2 7℃ ,光照 1 0～ 1 2…     

黎豆的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　黎豆 (Ｓｔｉｚｏｌｏｂｉｕｍｃｏｃｈｉｎｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ) ,别名猫豆、狗爪豆。2　材料类别　无菌种子苗。3　培养条件　基本培养基为ＭＳ。种子萌发及壮苗培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ Ｖｃ 0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) 0 .1 %活性炭 ;诱导丛芽培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡｌ.0 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 Ｖｃ 0 .5 ;诱导愈伤组织培养基 :(3 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .0 5 ,(4)ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 0 .5 ,(5 )ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 1 .0 ,(6 )ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 2 .0 ;分化培养基 :(7)ＭＳ 6 Ａ3 .0 Ｖｃ 0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .0 5 ;芽体生长及诱导生根培养基…     

四季草莓“赛娃”的组织培养与快速繁殖

1　植物名称　四季草莓“赛娃”(Ｆｒａｇａｒｉａｖｅｓｃａｃｖ .ｓｅｌｖａ)。2　材料类别　匍匐茎尖。3　培养条件　 (1)芽诱导培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .1;(2 )增殖培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 ＩＢＡ 0 .0 5 ;(3)生根培养基 :1/2ＭＳ     

龙蒿的组织培养和快繁

1　植物名称　龙蒿 (Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａｄｒａｃｕｎｃｕｌｕｓ) ,又名狭叶青蒿。2　材料类别　嫩尖、茎段。3　培养条件　芽诱导培养基 :(1 ) 1 /3ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＩＢＡ 0 .2。增殖培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ＩＢＡ 0 .2 ;(3 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .2 ＩＢＡ 0 .2 ;(4)ＭＳ。生根培养基 :(5 ) 1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 0 .5 ;(6 ) 1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5 ;(7) 1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .5。以上培养基加入微生物多糖固化剂 4.5 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 ,蔗糖 3 % ,培养温度 (2 5± 2 )℃ ,ｐＨ5 .86 .0 ,光照度 1 5 0 0…     

大白菜真叶的组织培养及植株再生

1　植物名称　大白菜 (Ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａｃａｍｐｅｓｔｒｉｓｓｓｐ .ｐｅｋｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ)北京 80号和Ｎｏ .1 0。2　材料类别　无菌苗真叶。3　培养条件　 (1 )种子萌发培养基 :ＭＳ0 (即ＭＳ) ;(2 )芽分化培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 1 ＡｇＮＯ33 ;(3 )芽伸长及生根培养基 :ＭＳ0 。以上培养基均加 3 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 蔗糖 ,1 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 琼脂 ,ｐＨ 5 .8。ＡｇＮＯ3事先配成 1ｍｇ·ｍｌ- 1 母液 ,过滤灭菌 ,温度降到 5 0℃左右时加入。光照度为2 0 0 0ｌｘ ,光周期 1 6ｈ/8ｈ ,温度 (2 5± 1 )℃。4　生…     

樱桃番茄的组织培养与植株再生

1　植物名称　樱桃番茄 (Ｌｙｃｏｐｅｒｓｉｃｕｍｅｓｃｕｌｅｎｔｕｍｖａｒ.ｃｅｒａｓｉｆｏｒｍｅ)。2　材料类别　无菌种子苗下胚轴。3　培养条件　诱导愈伤组织的培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ +6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) +ＩＡＡ 0 .2 ;( 2 )ＭＳ +6 ＢＡ 2 +ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ;( 3)ＭＳ + 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 +ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;( 4 )ＭＳ + 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 +ＩＡＡ 0 .1。诱导分化的培养基 :( 5 )ＭＳ + 6 ＢＡ 1 .0。生根培养基 :( 6)ＭＳ +ＮＡＡ 0 .1。各种培养基均附加 3%蔗糖 ,0 .6%琼脂 ,ｐＨ 5 .8,培养温度为 ( 2 5± 2 )℃ ,每天光照 1 6ｈ ,光…     

金铁锁的离体培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　金铁锁 (Ｐｓａｍｍｏｓｉｌｅｎｅｔｕｎｉｃｏｉｄｅｓ)。2　材料类别　茎尖、带芽的茎段。3　培养条件　诱导培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ + 6 ＢＡ 1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) +ＩＡＡ 0 .1。增殖培养基 :( 2 )ＭＳ + 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 +ＩＡＡ 0 .0 5 ;( 3)ＭＳ + 6 ＢＡ 2 .0 +ＩＡＡ 0 .2。生根培养基 :( 4 )ＭＳ +ＮＡＡ0 .8;( 5 )ＭＳ +ＮＡＡ 1 .0 ;( 6)ＭＳ +ＮＡＡ 1 .5。以上培养基均附加 1 .0 %琼脂 ,3.0 %蔗糖 ,ｐＨ 5 .8。培养温度为 2 3～ 2 5℃ ,光照度为 2 60 0ｌｘ ,光照时间为 1 2ｈ·ｄ- 1 。4　生长与分化情况4.1　…     

甜瓜的组织培养与植株再生

1　植物名称　甜瓜 (Ｃｕｃｕｍｉｓｍｅｌｏ)品种“伽师瓜”。2　材料类别　成熟甜瓜种子无菌苗的子叶。3　培养条件　种子萌发培养基 :(1 ) 1 / 2ＭＳ(大量元素减半 ) 2 %蔗糖。愈伤组织诱导培养基 :(2 )Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ 6 ＢＡ 5 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＺＴ 0 .0 1 3 %蔗糖。丛生芽诱导培养基 :(3 )Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ 6 ＢＡ 2 .0 3 %蔗糖 ;(4)Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 3 %蔗糖。芽伸长培养基 :(5 )Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ 6 ＢＡ 0 .1 3 %蔗糖 ;(6 )Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ 6 ＢＡ 0 .0 1 3 %蔗糖。生根培养基 :(7) 1 /2ＭＳ(大 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .0…     

大叶凤尾蕨的离体培养及植株再生

1　植物名称　大叶凤尾蕨 (Ｐｔｅｒｉｓｃｒｅｔｉｃａ)品种白斑大叶凤尾蕨 (ｃｖ .“Ａｌｂｏｌｉｎｅｎｅａｔａ”)。2　材料类别　叶背面成熟孢子。孢子囊群沿羽片顶部以下的叶缘连续分布 ,呈狭条形。供试植株来源于荷兰花卉市场的大叶凤尾蕨盆花。3　培养条件　 (1 )诱导孢子萌发培养基 :1 / 3ＭＳ ;(2 )初代培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＩＢＡ 3 .0 ;(3 )继代培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＩＢＡ 1 .0 ;(4)生根培养基 :1 / 2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 2 .0 ＩＡＡ2 .0 ;(5 )复壮培养基 :1 / 2ＭＳ 活性炭 2 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1…     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism