Verbeitung einiger seltenen und subendemischen Arten der griechischen Flora mit taxonomischen und chorologischen Betrachtungen

The taxa very rare in Greece,Gentianella bulgarica (Velen.)J. Holub andPrimula elatior (L.)Hill subsp.intricata (Gren. etGodron)Lüdi Balkan-South Carpathian and mountain subendemic taxon of South and South-Central Europe also the oreophytesGentiana asclepidaea L. andAndrosace villosa L. rare in Greece at high altitudes endemic species of Central Europe and arcto-alpic element both extending South as far as Central Italy and Central Greece as well as the relatively rare species in Greece,Crocus biflorus Mill. which exists in South Europe from Sicily and eastwards and finally four otherIridaceae, i.e.: the South Balkan Asia-Minor subendemic speciesCrocus olivieri Gay andC. pulchellus Herbert, the South Balkan endemic speciesC. veluchensis Herbert and the Mediterranean and mostly East-para-mediterranean subendemic speciesHermodactylus tuberosus (L.)Miller are reported and investigated. However new habitats and records in the Greek area of the investigated species are given, their distribution is discussed, while the existence of the taxa most rare in GreecePrimula elatior (L.)Hill subsp.intricata (Gren. etGodron)Lüdi inHegi,Gentianella bulgarica (Velen.)J. Holub,Gentiana asclepiadea L.,Androsace villosa L. andCrocus biflorus Mill. are presented in the form of a dot map and thus the southernmost limits of their spreading in the Balkan peninsula or in S.E. Europe are elucidated.     

New names inPhanerogamae 3

New nomenclatural combinations are proposed, resulting from the adoption of a narrower concept of the generic classification unit or from necessary changes of the taxonomic rank in several taxa. A new genus—Anemonidium (Spach)Holub—is proposed inRanunculaceae. Four genera are accepted, includingChamaepitys Hill (Ajuga L. p. p.),Cota J. Gay (Anthemis L. p. p.),Euchiton Cass. (Gnaphalium L. p. p.) andRostraria Trin. (Koeleria Pers. p. p.+Trisetum Pers. p. p.).Genistella Ortega is preferred toChamaespartium Adans. In all 95 new combinations are proposed (83 for species, 11 for subspecies, 1 for a variety), including 21 inCota, 13 inRostraria, 11 inChamaepitys and 10 inEuchiton.     

Notes on some African hepatic genera 1–5

The present study deals with five genera of hepatics in Africa, Isotachis Mitt., Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph., Tritomaria Schiffn. ex Loeske, Gymnocoleopsis (Schust.) Schust. and Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. All African populations of the genus Isotachis Mitt. are considered to be one species, I. aubertii (Schwaegr.) Mitt. Four species of Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph. (s.l.), A. auritum (Lehm.) Steph., A. piligerum (Nees) Spruce, A. subcomplicatum (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Steph. and A. minutum (Schreb.) Schust., and two species of Tritomaria Schiffn. et Loeske, T. camerunensis S. Arnell and T. exsecta (Schrad.) Schiffn. ex Loeske occur in Africa. Gymmocoleopsis multiflora (Steph.) Schust. represents a genus and species hitherto unreported for the African flora. Finally, five Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. species, L. argentina (Steph.) Schust., L. capensis S. Arnell, L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph., L. hedbergii S. Arnell and L. tristaniana (S. Arnell) Váňa, are reported from central and southern Africa; two of these (L. argentina (Steph.) Schust. and L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph.) represent the first reports from Africa.     

Ploidy variation in the group ofMyosotis palustris andM. laxa in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

In 74 natural populations of theMyosotis palustris andM. laxa groups from former Czechoslovakia three euploid and one aneuploid cytotypes were found that belong to the following species:M. nemorosa Besser, 2n=22,M. palustris (L.)Nath. em.Reichenb. inSturm, 2n=66,M. laxiflora Reichenb., 2n=66,M. radicans Opiz, 2n=66(64),M. brevisetacea (Schuster) Holub, 2n=66(64), andM. caespitosa C.F. Schultz, 2n=88. With the exception ofM. nemorosa, the chromosome numbers are published for the first time for the Czech Republic. The chromsome numbers, 2n=66, 2n=64 are found inM. brevisetacea, are new for the literature. The correlation between pollen size and ploidy level has been studied as well, and statistically significant differences were found between cytotypes belonging to different ploidy levels.     

Beitrag zur Keimungsökologie und Diasporologie vonDipsacus sylvestris,Dipsacus laciniatus,Cephalaria transsylvanica,Virga strigosa undVirga pilosa

Im Verlauf einiger Jahre wurde die Keimungsökologie der Früchte vonDipsacus sylvestris Huds.,Dipsacus laciniatus L.,Cephalaria transsylvanica (L.)Schrad. exRoem. etSchult.,Virga strigosa (Willd. exRoem. etSchult.)Holub undVirga pilosa (L.)Hill im Laboratorium und auf einer Versuchsparzelle in Pr?honice studiert. Durch Versuche mit mehreren Fruchtproben wurde festgestellt, dass die Früchte der ArtenDipsacus sylvestris, Dipsacus laciniatus undCephalaria transsylvanica ohne Samenruhe keimen können, während die Früchte vonVirga strigosa undVirga pilosa eine tiefere Samenruhe durchmachen, die durch den physiologischen Zustand des Keimes verursacht ist. Die Dormanz wurde nur in der Erde oder bei kalter Stratifikation unterbrochen. Weiter wurden bei einzelnen Arten verschiedene Beobachtungen und Versuche über Phänologie der Keimpflanzen, die Schwimmfähigkeit der Früchte und Disseminationzeit der Früchte durchgeführt.     

Myosotis michaelae — A new species ofMyosotis ser.Palustres (Boraginaceae)

A new species ofMyosotis ser.Palustres Popov,Myosotis michaelae, related to theM. nemorosa group, is described from France. Further localities from Switzerland, Romania and Bulgaria are listed. Diploid chromosome number (2n=22) is given for the new species, and notes on its distribution, ecology and taxonomic relationships are presented. The lectotype is chosen and designated for the nameMyosotis palustris L. var.scabra Simonk.     

Chromosome counts and chromosome morphology of some selected species

In the years 1976–1981 we studied chromosome counts and karyotypic formulae of the following 29 species of plants from 41 localities (of these 6 from Bohemia, 32 from Moravia, 3 from Slovakia):Batrachium baudotii (Godron) F. W. Schultz,Chenopodium rubrum L.,C. polyspermum L.,C. murale L.,C. ficifolium Sm.,C. opulifolium Schrader ex DC. inLam. et DC.,C. strictum Roth [subsp.strictum, subsp.glaucophyllum (Aellen)Aellen inJust etAellen, subsp.striatiforme Uotila],Arenaria grandiflora L.,Illecebrum verticillatum L.,Spergula morisonii Boreau inDuchartre,Spergularia marginata (DC. inLam. et DC.)Kittel S. marina (L.)Griseb.,S. rubra (L.) J. etC. Presl,Silene conica L.,Sisymbrium loeselii L.,S. volgense Bieb. exE. Fourn.,S. orientale L. [subsp. orientale, subsp.macroloma (A. Pomel)Dvo?ák],S. officinale (L.)Scop.,Descurainia sophia (L.)Webb exPrantl inEngler etPrantl,Nasturtium officinale R. Br. inAiton,Barbarea arcuata (Opiz inPresl J. et C.)Reichenb.,Lunaria annua L.,Soldanella montana Willd.,S. carpatica Vierh. inUrban etGraebner,Lotus tenuis Waldst. etKit. exWilld.,L. uliginosus Schkuhr,Trigonella monspeliaca L.,Geranium sibiricum L.,Lactuca tatarica (L.)C. A. Meyer.     

Chromosome counts of some Cuban Angiosperms

Chromosome numbers are reported for 14 species collected in Cuba. The first chromosome records are reported forAlbizzia cubana Britton etWilson (2n=26),Atkinsia cubensis (Britton etWilson)Howard (2n=26),Caesalpinia violacea (Mill.)Standl. (2n=24),Colubrina ferruginosa Brongn. (2n=24). Chromosome numbers of the following species were confirmed:Albizzia lebbeck (L.)Benth. (2n=26),Canavalia maritima (Aubl.)Thouars (2n=22),Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. (2n=18),Cedrela mexicana M.J. Roem. (2n=56),Delonix regia (Bojer)Raf. (2n=28),Guazuma tomentosa H.B.K. (2n=16),Lysiloma bahamense Benth. (2n=26),L. latisiliqua (L.)Benth. (2n=26),Samanea saman (Jacq.)Merrill (2n=26),Thespesia populnea (L.)Soland (2n=26).     

Selected chromosome counts of the Czechoslovak flora III

Chromosome numbers compared with as yet published data are given for the following 12 Phanerogams (both native species and aliens) from Czechoslovakia:Ambrosia trifida L.,Cardamine chelidonia L.,Dephne cneorum L.,Epipactis albensis Nováková etRydlo,Linum flavum L.subsp flavum, Lunaria rediviva L.,Nepeta grandiflora M.BIEB.,Reseda luteola L.,Thlaspi montanum L.,Tithymalus salicifolius (Host)Klotzsch etGarcke,Tithymalus virgultosus (Klokov) Holub andVerbascum speciosum Schrad. subsp.speciosum. The chromosome number 2n=40 is presented for the first time in autogamousEpipactis albensis Nováková etRydlo. New chromosome numbers were found inCardamine chelidonia L. (2n=32) and inTithymalus salicifolius (Host) Klotzch etGarcke (2n=40). Known but less frequent cytotypes are reported inLinum flavum L. subsp.flavum (2n=28) and inVerbascum speciosum Schrad. subsp.speciosum (2n=30).     

Chromosome numbers in selectedHieracium species in the Krkonoše Mts. (the West Sudeten)

Chromosome numbers are given of 15 species of the genusHieracium L. s. str., representing seven species groups (in the sense of Flora Europaea, roughly corresponding to Zahn's “species principales”) from the Krkono?e Mts., N. Bohemia and SW Poland. For the first time chromosome numbers are reported forH. melanocephalum Tausch (2n=27),H. tubulosum Tausch (2n=36),H. schustleri Zlatník (2n=36),H. fritzei F. Schultz (2n=27),H. rohlenae Zlatník (2n=27),H. nigrescens Willd. (2n=36),H. decipiens Tausch (2n=36),H. atrellum Juxip inSchischkin etBobrov (2n=27),H. subnigrescens (Fries exNorrlin)Dahlst. (2n=36),H. sudeticum Sternberg (2n=36),H. pedunculare Tausch (2n=36),H. glandulosodentatum Uechtr. (2n=36),H. wimmeri Uechtr. (2n=27). InHieracium alpinum L. s. str. the number 2n=27 has been confirmed. The results show a high proportion of tetraploid taxa; no diploids have been found.     

New fig insects [Hym.: Chalcidoidea] from India: Three torymids parasitic on agaonids

Two new species of fig wasps (Sycoscapter punctatus Abdurahiman & Joseph andSycobiella amplissima Abdurahiman & Joseph) parasitic onManiella delhiensis Abdurahiman & Joseph fromFicus amplissima Smith, and the female of a known species (Philotrypesis anguliceps Westwood) parasitic onBlastophaga quadraticeps Mayr fromFicus religiosa L. are described.     

The variability of critical species ofLotus L. in Iran and in the neighbouring countries II

The paper deals with some problems of distribution and variability of the speciesL. angustissimus L.,L. halophilus Boiss. etSprun.,L. laricus Rech. fil.,Aellen etEsfandiari, L.,schimperi Steud.,L. compactus Chrtková-?ertová,L. garcinii DC.     

The systematic significance of seed morphology and anatomy in thePortulacaceae (Centrospermae)

Nyananyo B. L. (1988): The systematic significance of seed morphology and anatomy in thePortulacaceae (Centrospermae).—Folia Geobot. Phytotax., Praha, 23: 275–279.—The seeds of 115 species in eighteen genera of the familyPortulacaceae were examined with the scanning electron microscope. Longitudinal sections of seeds of representatives of all the genera were examined with the light microscope. Two broad groups based on shape of the seeds, ornamentation of the external surface of their testa, and the position of the embryo relative to the endosperm were recognised. The first group comprising three genera:Anacampseros L.,Grahamia Gillies andTalinopsis A. Gray, have seeds which are pyriform with wings and trichomes, and an embryo that is more or less parallel to the endosperm, while the second of fifteen genera:Calandrinia H.B.K.,Calyptridium Nuttall,Calyptrotheca Gilg,Ceraria Pearson etStephens,Claytonia L.,Lenzia Philippi,Lewisia Pursh,Lyallia Hooker fil.,Montia L.,Portulaca L.,Portulacaria Jacquin,Silvaea Philippi,Talinella Baillon,Talinum Adanson, andWangerinia Franz, are reniform without wings and with an embryo that is horse-shoe shaped around the endosperm.     

LignicolousHyphomycetes from Czechoslovakia 1.Brachysporium

Four species of the genusBrachysporium Sacc. emend.Mason etHughes are treated in this paper from Czechoslovakia:B. nigrum (Link)Hughes,B. obovatum (Berk.)Sacc. and two new species,B. abietinum Hol.-Jech. andB. brevius Hol.-Jech.     

Characterization of a recombinant l-rhamnose isomerase from Bacillus subtilis and its application on production of l-lyxose and l-mannose

The gene of an l-rhamnose isomerase (RhaA) from Bacillus subtilis was cloned to the pET28a(+) and then expressed in the E. coli ER2566. The expressed enzyme was purified with a specific activity of 3.58 U/mg by His-Trap affinity chromatography. The recombinant enzyme existed as a 194 kDa tetramer and the maximal activity was observed at pH 8.0 and 60°C. The RhaA displayed activity for l-rhamnose, l-lyxose, l-mannose, d-allose, d-gulose, d-ribose, and l-talose, among all aldopentoses and aldohexoses and it showed enzyme activity for l-form monosaccharides such as l-rhamnose, l-lyxose, l-mannose, and l-talose. The catalytic efficiency (k _cat/K _m) of the recombinant enzyme for l-rhamnose, l-lyxose, and l-mannose were 7,460, 1,013, and 258 M/sec. When l-xylulose 100 g/L and l-fructose 100 g/L were used as substrates, the optimum concentrations of RpiB were determined with 6 and 15 U/mL, respectively. The l-lyxose 40 g/L was produced from l-xylulose 100 g/L by the enzyme during 60 min, while l-mannose 25 g/L was produced from l-fructose 100 g/L for 80 min. The results suggest that RhaA from B. subtilis is a potential producer of l-form monosaccharides.     

LignicolousHyphomycetes from Czechoslovakia 6.Spadicoides andDiplococcium

Seventeen species belonging toSpadicoides Hughes andDiplococcium Grove collected in Central Europe mostly in Czechoslovakia are described and illustrated. Two new species are described inSpadicoides—S. carpatica Hol.-Jech.,S. penatium Hol.-Jech. and three new species inDiplococcium—D. bicolor Hol.-Jech.,D. insolitum Hol.-Jech. andD. parcum,Hol.-Jech.     

Karyological and taxonomic observations onDracocephalum foetidum Bunge andKoenigia islandica L.

Chromosome numbers are reported for two Mongolian species,Dracocephalum foetidum Bunge (2n=12) andKoenigia islandica L. (2n=14). The relationship ofD. foetidum toD. moldavica L. (2n=10) and some patterns of phenotypic variation inK. islandica are briefly discussed. The following new combinations are proposed:K. cyanadra (Diels) Měsí?ek etSoják,K. forrestii (Diels) Měsí?ek etSoják,K. hubertii (Lingelsh.) Měsí?ek etSoják, andK. nummularifolia (Meisn.) Měsí?ek etSoják.     

Reclassifications and new names for some European Phanerogams

On the basis of taxonomic and nomenclatural revisions of various plant groups 37 new nomenclatural combinations are proposed mostly for European phanerogamous taxa (21 for species, 14 for subspecies, 2 for hybrids.)Medicula Medicus,Pseudofumaria Medicus andThlasidia Rafin. are accepted as taxonomically justified genera and correct generic names.Dactylorhiza longebracteata (F. W. Schmidt)Holub is proposed instead ofD. fuchsii (Druce) Soó, andHylotelephium triphyllum (Haworth) Holub isstead ofH. purpureum (L.)Holub.     

Determination of host range in relation to systematics forPeristenus stygicus [Hym.: Braconidae], A parasitoid ofMiridae

Peristenus stygicus Loan develops inMirinae speciesLygus hesperus,Knight,L. lineolaris, (Palisot de Beauvois) andPolymerus basalis (Reuter),Orthotylinae speciesLabopidicola geminata (Johnston),Phylinae speciesPseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter) and partially develops in the mirineDichrooscytus sp. The parasitoids attackMicrophylellus maculipennis (Knight) (Phylinae) and another orthotyline species, but do not develop in these.Taedia johnstoni (Knight) (Mirinae), 2 species ofBrycorinae and 3 species ofLygaeidae are not acceptable as hosts. Olfactometer studies show the parasites are significantly more attracted to lygus nymphs whenPhaseolus vulgaris L. is present than either the nymphs or bean alone. Host color, mobility, size, previously infested plant material, and host plant species are rejected as host selection criteria.