共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Adventitious shoot regeneration from immature embryos of sorghum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Eleven genotypes of sorghum were examined for their response in tissue culture, and the tissue culture system was optimized. The cultures were initiated from immature embryos taken approximately two weeks after flowering. The response of immature embryos varied with the genotype. `C. Kafir' and `PE932 025' showed the highest frequency of callus induction and regenerable callus formation under appropriate culture conditions. Regeneration occurred at high frequencies when cytokinins (kinetin or 6-benzyladenine) had been added in the callus induction medium, followed by regeneration medium devoid of growth regulators. The addition of proline and polyvinylpyrrolidone also enhanced shoot formation, but the addition of cytokinins to regeneration media did not improve shoot formation. On the revised culture medium, plants were regenerated from up to 100% of sorghum immature embryos. 相似文献
3.
M. Maheswari N. Jyothi Lakshmi S. K. Yadav Y. Varalaxmi A. Vijaya Lakshmi M. Vanaja B. Venkateswarlu 《Biologia Plantarum》2006,50(4):741-744
An efficient and rapid regeneration protocol was developed using shoot apices from germinating seedlings of two cultivars
of sorghum, SPV-462 and M35-1, as explants. A vertical slit given from the base of each dissected apex enhanced the efficiency
of callusing response by two fold. MS medium containing 0.5 mg dm−3 each of 2,4-D and kinetin was most effective in producing friable and embryogenic calli. Scanning electron microscopy of
these calli detected somatic embryogenesis. Calli thus induced gave rise to approximately 42 green shoots per callus in both
the genotypes when transferred to regeneration medium containing 1.5 mg dm−3 kinetin. 相似文献
4.
A new reliable protocol for the induction of adventitious shoot formation and plant regeneration from apple callus has been
developed. High regeneration frequency was obtained with this method in four different genotypes (Jork9, M26, Gala and McIntosh)
and callus maintained regeneration ability for several months. The procedure consists of inducing vegetative shoot apices,
excised from in vitro shoots, for 20 days in darkness on an MS medium without glycine, supplied with 17.8 μM BA, 2.7 μM NAA
and 250 mg l−1 cefotaxime. The explants are then transferred to a fresh auxin-free medium and given light. Histological studies revealed
that all the regenerated shoots originated from callus. Regenerated shoots were multiplied, rooted and successfully established
in soil.
Received: 2 April 1999 / Revision received: 10 November 1999 / Accepted: 15 November 1999 相似文献
5.
Petioles, leaf discs and midribs of several olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars, collected from potted greenhouse plants, field-grown and in vitro shoots, were used to test their morphogenic capacity. Adventitious shoots were induced only in petioles from in vitro-grown shoots of cultivars Moraiolo, Dolce Agogia and Halkidikis, grown on Olive Medium (OM) plus 18 M zeatin within 4 to 5 weeks. Regeneration was achieved, both on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and on modified OM, only in the dark. The highest regeneration was achieved directly from the proximal part of the petioles after 2 to 3 weeks in media containing 5 to 40 M thidiazuron, or with both 10 M 2-isopentenyladenine +2.2 M 6-benzyladenine with or without low auxin concentration (not more than 2.5 M). A few adventitious shoots were also regenerated from callus when it was shifted from auxin and cytokinin media to cytokinin only medium. The regeneration potential was higher in petioles collected from apical nodes than from basal ones. The adventitious shoots were transferred to solid half-strength MS medium supplemented with 4.5 M zeatin for further development. Several regenerated shoots were rooted and the plantlets hardened in the greenhouse. No apparent differences regarding morphological aspects were observed among the regenerated plantlets or with those obtained by stimulation of axillary buds.Abbreviations BA
6-benzyladenine
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- NAA
1-naphthaleneacetic acid
- TDZ
thidiazuron (N-phenyl-N-1,2,3-thidiazol-5-ylurea)
- 2iP
2-isopentenyladenine
- MS
Murashige and Skoog medium
- 1/2 MS
half strength MS
- OM
Olive Medium
- BN
Bourgin & Nitsch 相似文献
6.
Plant regeneration from shoot tips and callus of papaya 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Summary Two methods of in vitro culture were employed to regenerate papaya plants. One involved regeneration of plants from callus
and the other, production of multiple plants from single shoot-tip explants. Callus was induced from stem sections of papaya
seedlings in a medium containing 1 mg per 1 NAA and 0.1 mg per 1 kinetin. The callus regenerated shoots and/or embryoids when
transferred to a medium of lower auxin, 0 to 0.05 mg per 1 IAA, and higher cytokinin, 1 to 2 mg per 1 kinetin Multiple shoots
were produced when the excised shoot-tip explants were cultured in a medium supplemented with 0.05 mg per 1 IAA and either
5 mg per 1 kinetin or 0.5 to 1.0 mg per 1 benzyladenine. Root formation of the shoots or embryoids that derived from callus
or shoot tips occurred in a medium containing 5 mg per 1 IAA and in a light intensity of 3000 to 4000 Ix. The rooted plants
could be established in soil and under standard greenhouse conditions after they had been acclimated by initially growing
them in moist vermiculite contained in polyethylene-covered pots.
This research was supported by the National Science Council, Republic of China. 相似文献
7.
R. C. Yadav Mohamed T. Saleh Rebecca Grumet 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1996,45(3):207-214
Efficient in vitro plant regeneration systems are critical for many purposes including plant transformation. Current regeneration systems for melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants generally utilize cotyledon explants; regeneration from melon leaves has received limited attention. We investigated several factors that influence regeneration from melon leaves including: genotype growth conditions and age of the source plant, leaf age, explant orientation, gelling agent, and the addition of silver nitrate and sulfonylurea herbicide to the culture media. Critical factors that influenced regeneration were preculture conditions of the donor plants, leaf size, and the use of silver nitrate and Phytagel in the medium. The best results were obtained with 3–4 cm diam leaves excised from pot grown greenhouse or growth chamber plants cultured on MS medium with 5 M IAA, 5 M BA, 1 M ABA, 30 M silver nitrate and 2.6 g l-1 Phytagel. Low concentratons of sulfonylurea herbicide (0.25 mg l-1 DPX-M 6316) also enhanced regeneration. Under optimized conditions 80–100% of the explants regenerated, with 10–100 shoots per explantAbbreviations ABA
abscisic acid
- BA
benzyladenine
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog medium
- NAA
naphthalene acetic acid 相似文献
8.
Pedro Osuna-Avila Alejandro Nava-Cedillo Alba E. Jofre-Garfias José Luis Cabrera-Ponce 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1995,40(1):33-35
Green and etiolated shoot apices of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) cv. Nese 2A were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with four concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. In all treatments, embryogenic calli capable of plant regeneration were induced after ten weeks in culture. Calli induced on 2 mg l-1 of 2,4-d from green apices gave a higher rate of plant regeneration in comparison with etiolated apices on the other treatments. Plant regeneration was obtained from one year-old cultures. Regenerated plants were successfully established in soil, reached maturity and produced seeds.Abbreviations 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- EC
embryogenic calli
- NE
nonembryogenic calli
- 2,4,5-T
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 相似文献
9.
Adventitious shoot regeneration was compared among leaf, stem and petal explants of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cv. Scania on MS medium containing different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). High frequency regeneration was obtained only from petal explants on the media containing 5 to 10 M BA with or without 5 M NAA. Among the cytokinins tested, N-2-chloro-4-pyridyl-N-phenylurea and N-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-N-N-phenylurea were more effective than BA, kinetin, N6-2-isopentenyl adenine and zeatin on regeneration from petal explants. Although, high frequency shoot regeneration was obtained from all petal explants harvested from various developmental stages of buds, a significant decrease in regeneration capacity was observed in the explants obtained from fully-opened flowers. High frequency shoot regeneration was also obtained from the petal explants of cvs. Coral. Lena, Nora and White Sim, and an interspecific cultivar Eolo using the method developed in this study.Abbreviations NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
- BA
6-benzyladenine
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- 2iP
N6-2-isopentenyl adenine
- KT-30
N-2-chloro-4-pyridyl-N-phenylurea (also called 4PU)
- TDZ
N-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-N-phenylurea (also called thidiazuron) 相似文献
10.
Summary Adaptation of protoplast regeneration systems for use on untested or recalcitrant potato genotypes can be a time-consuming exercise. Callus growth and xylogenesis were evaluated as early correlates of shooting potential to shorten this process. Callus growth was of limited value for predicting organogenesis but a linear relationship was observed between xylogenesis and shooting frequency. Increases in xylem content above a minimum threshold corresponded with increases in shooting frequency. The predictive value of the relationship was tested using a simple protocol modification (the culture of calli on a filter paper base). Calli on filter paper produced more xylem elements and shoots than those plated directly on medium. The potential of xylem content as a predictive test of shooting frequency is discussed. 相似文献
11.
Randall P. Niedz Sandra Schiller Smith Kerry B. Dunbar Christine T. Stephens Harry H. Murakishi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1989,18(3):313-319
Cotyledonary explants of 4-day-oldCucumis melo cv. Hale's Best Jumbo in vitro seedlings showed maximum initiation of shoot buds when cultured onto a revised Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with 5 M indole-3-acetic acid and 5 M benzylaminopurine and cultured at 25–29°C under low light intensity (5–30 mol m-2 s-1). Subculture of the shoot buds onto the same medium without auxin and supplemented with 3 M benzylaminopurine caused the development of shoots from 30% of the buds. The presence of abscisic acid significantly increased the number of explants producing shoot buds. Bud initiation was affected by genotype, seedling age, light intensity, and temperature. Addition of gibberellic acid, thidiazuron or silver nitrate to regeneration medium did not improve either bud initiation or shoot regeneration. 相似文献
12.
C. E. Palmer 《Plant cell reports》1992,11(11):541-545
Summary The morphogenetic response of Brassica campestris genotype R500 to inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis and action was investigated. A medium containing 1.0 mg.l–1 NAA, 2.0 mg.l–1 BAP, and 30 or 60 M AgNO3 significantly enhanced both the percentage shoot regeneration and the number of shoots per cotyledon expiant. Although callus proliferation occurred on hypocotyl segments, no shoots were formed in response to AgNO3 with expiants older than five days. Cotyledons older than six days formed shoots only with AgNO3. Cobalt chloride at 20 and 30 M increased cotyledon shoot regeneration but was inferior to AgNO3. Hypocotyl segments were unresponsive. Salicylic acid at 25 and 50 M prevented both shoot regeneration and callusing without any obvious toxic effects. Removal of expiants from AgNO3 after 12 days did not alter the percentage of shoot regeneration but increased the number of shoots per expiant. This response was dependent on the level of BAP. Percentage shoot regeneration and number of shoots per cotyledon explant were not affected by removal of CoCl2. These results indicate that the poor regenerative capacity of this genotype may be related to ethylene biosynthesis or metabolism.Abbreviations NAA
Naphthalene Acetic Acid
- BAP
6-Benzylamino Purine
- MS
Murashige and Skoog Medium 相似文献
13.
When hypocotyl segments of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. boturytis L.) were cultured on MS medium containing brassinolide (BR) in the light, a significant stimulation of adventitious shoot regeneration was observed. Cytokinins (zeatin and iso-pentenylaminopurine) also promoted shoot regeneration. When BR was added together with these cytokinins, the maximal regeneration was strongly improved and the dose–response curve of cytokinin was shifted to the left. Regeneration was much lower in the dark. This was not due to a possible increased ethylene synthesis in the dark. 相似文献
14.
Shoot tip and nodal segment explants of Holarrhena antidysenterica when cultured on MS medium containing BAP (1.0-3.0 mg/l) with NAA (0.2-1.0 mg/l) and BAP (1.0-3.0 mg/l) with Kn. (0.2-1.0 mg/l) produced multiple shoots. Maximum multiple shoots was found in MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l). Subculture on the same medium resulted in rapid shoot multiplication at an average rate of 16 new shoots per subculture. Addition of urea (100 mg/l) in the medium increased the number of shoots up to 22 per culture. For best rooting, the shoots were excised from the culture flask and implanted individually on half strength MS medium with 0.5 mg/l each of IBA, IAA and NAA. After 20 days of transfer on root induction medium 95% rooting was achieved. Regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized and established in soil. About 90% of plantlets survived under open field conditions. 相似文献
15.
Kawiak Anna Królicka Aleksandra Lojkowska Ewa 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2003,75(2):175-178
An efficient protocol for the micropropagation of Drosera anglica, D. binata and D. cuneifolia is described. Proliferation was obtained from leaf segments and shoot tips, which served as initial explants. The regeneration capacity of explants was influenced by factors such as nutrient media, concentrations of growth regulators and the type of medium (liquid or solid). The highest number of plants regenerating from D. binata explants was obtained on the growth regulator-free Vacin and Went medium. In the case of D. anglica the highest proliferation rate was obtained on the Fast medium supplemented with 0.05 M 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.005 M -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), whereas for D. cuneifolia the optimal regeneration medium proved to be 1/2 MS with the growth regulator supplementation estimated at 0.2 M BA and 0.2 M NAA. Liquid media significantly increased the regeneration potential of D. anglica and D. binata explants. 相似文献
16.
Echeverrigaray S. Fracaro F. Andrade L.B. Biasio S. Atti-Serafini L. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,60(1):1-4
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 1.0 to 4.5 M of BA and 1.0 M of NAA induced adventitious bud formation and shoot development in leaf explants of Roman Chamomile. A higher number of adventitious buds was observed at the proximal end of the explants. Plantlets were replicated and multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 2.25 M of BA and 0.6 M of IAA. Plantlets were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 M of IBA and successfully weaned in vivo. The plants grew to maturity with high uniformity and no morphological signs of somaclonal variation. 相似文献
17.
Barbara Ambrožič Turk Harry J. Swartz Richard H. Zimmerman 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1994,38(1):11-17
Regeneration of adventitious shoots from leaves of several in vitro-cultured Rubus genotypes was affected by media components and incubation conditions. Leaves cultured at 20°C with a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 40 mol m-2 s-1 had a higher regeneration frequency and more shoots per regenerating leaf than ones cultured at 25°C with a PPF of either 40 or 80 mol m-2 s-1. Thidiazuron (TDZ) was significantly more effective than benzyladenine. Medium containing 1 M TDZ had the highest percentage regeneration for leaves of Autumn Bliss, Canby, Summit and Sentry red raspberries, whereas leaves of MD-ETCE-1 blackberry hybrid responded more to 10 M TDZ. Higher regeneration frequencies were obtained with 0.5 M indolebutyric acid (IBA) than with 1 M, but no significant difference was observed between 0.5 M and no IBA in other experiments. More shoots per regenerating leaf formed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and N6 media, than on half-strength MS, Anderson, or Woody Plant media for all genotypes tested. The youngest two expanding leaves near the shoot apex were the most regenerative and yielded the highest number of shoots per regenerating leaf.Abbreviations AND
Anderson (1980)
- BA
benzyladenine
- IBA
indolebutyric acid
- MS
Murashige & Skoog (1962)
- N6
Chu et al. (1975)
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- PPF
photosynthetic photon flux
- TDZ
thidiazuron (N-phenyl-N'-1, 2, 3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea)
- WPM
Woody Plant Medium [Lloyd & McCown (1980)] 相似文献
18.
Direct adventitious shoot regeneration from ovary explants of Crocus sativus L. was influenced by media components, incubation conditions, and age of the explant. The best response towards caulogenesis
(28%) with highest shoot numbers per ovary was observed when full strength Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium was supplemented
with naphthaleneacetic acid and benzyladenine. Incubation in the dark at 20 °C was beneficial for induction of shoot buds.
Ovaries of different growth stages having stigmas of pale yellow, pale orange and bright orange regenerated a maximum mean
number (3.8 – 4.2) of shoots per ovary. Further development of ovary-derived shoots was influenced by the composition of basal
salts in the culture medium where full strength Murashige and Skoog salts gave the best response of those tested. Regenerated
shoots produced normal photosynthetic leaves and corms.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Summary A method for adventitious shoot induction from petiole explants of Heracleum candicans is reported. Shoot buds were induced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 4.4μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 1.1 μM 2,4-dichlorophen-oxyacetic acid (2,4-D). A wound response in the presence of BA and 2,4-D at the time of culture was necessary
for inducing shoot buds. The shoot bud regeneration was significantly influenced by size, type and orientation of explants
on the culture medium. These shoot buds developed into 4–5 cm shoots upon transfer to a medium containing 1.1μM BA and 0.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The regenerated shoots formed rooted plantlets on MS medium supplemented with 4.9 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). About 15 plants were established in the field for further evaluation. 相似文献
20.
The effects of various growth regulators on morphogenesis from cocoyam tissues (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) were investigated.
Calluses were initiated from shoot tip and petiole explants and proliferated on medium containing 1.36 μM dicamba. Callus
production was significantly greater from petioles than from shoot tips. Thidiazuron (0.045 μM) enhanced callus production
when dicamba (13.5 μM) was used, and was more favorable to petioles than shoot tips. Friable shoot tip callus was subcultured
into liquid media containing either 1.36 μM dicamba alone, 1.35 μM 2,4-D + 0.46 μM kinetin or 1.36 μM dicamba + 0.46 μM kinetin
to induce adventive regeneration. Tissues producing single or aggregated shoot buds were subcultured into media containing
0, 0.049 and 0.49 μM 2-isopentenyladenine where bud multiplication and shoot regeneration were observed. Bud aggregates were
formed from callus in liquid cultures containing 1.36 μM dicamba, 1.36 μM dicamba + 0.46 μM kinetin or 1.35 μM 2,4-D + 0.46
μM kinetin. Shoot bud clumps which remained green produced shoots, daughter buds, and plantlets in stationary and agitated
liquid media containing 0, 0.049 and 0.49 μM 2iP.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献