人工合成草鱼生长激素cDNA在大肠杆菌中的表达

经密码子优化的人工合成草鱼生长激素cDNA与表达载体pET-28a( )重组,构建重组表达质粒PET－GH。转化在肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,筛选阳性克隆,IPTG诱导表达,12．5％的SDS－PAGE分析显示,大肠杆菌表达产物中含有与草鱼生长激素分子量一致的新增蛋白带,激光密度扫描,其产量约占菌体总蛋白的40％,金属离子螯合层析柱亲和纯化,获得电泳纯的重组蛋白。Western-blotting和酶联免疫吸附受体法检测证实,重组蛋白与抗草鱼生长激素的多克隆抗体发生特异性结合;复性合的重组蛋白有与天然草鱼生长激素一致的生物学活性。     

地鳖虫纤溶活性蛋白cDNA序列克隆与毕赤酵母表达

依据已报道的地鳖虫成熟肽cDNA序列设计引物,通过RT-PCR法从地鳖虫(Eupolyphage sinensis Walker)中克隆得到675 bp地鳖虫纤溶活性蛋白 (fibrinolytic protein,EFP)成熟肽编码序列.将此片段克隆到表达载体pPICZα-A中,转化毕赤酵母GS115,甲醇诱导表达得到重组表达蛋白,经SDS-PAGE电泳和活性鉴定,表明重组EFP在毕赤酵母中均获得表达,重组表达蛋白相对分子质量为28.2 kD,表达产物分子质量与理论分子质量相符.重组蛋白在毕赤酵母中以分泌形式表达,具有纤溶活性.     

草鱼生长激素基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

将草鱼生长激素基因（cGH）的cDNA亚克隆到酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,经电击转化导入毕赤巴斯德酵母GS115菌株,获得转化子。菌落PCR技术筛选证实cGH已经整合到了酵母染色体上。对重组酵母进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western印迹分析,结果表明cGH的毕赤巴斯德酵母GS115菌株中获得了高效表达。     

人可溶性gp190在酵母Pichia pastoris中的表达

人可溶性gPl90(sgp190)是白血病抑制因子(LIF)的可溶性受体,可能在LIF行使众多生物学功能中扮演着重要的角色。为获得这一蛋白以研究它在人体内的生物学活性,在酵母Pichia pastoris中实现了重组sgp190分泌表达。利用基因重组技术,将编码人可溶性gP190(LlF受体α亚基gP190胞外区)cDNA克隆到毕赤酵母Pichia pastoris分泌表达载体pPIC9K,构建了重组表达质粒pPIC9K-sgp190。原生质体法转染Pichia pastoris GS115菌株,经过G418筛选,得到了高效分泌表达sgp190蛋白的毕赤酵母菌株GS115／pPIC9K-sgp190,sgp190蛋白占摇瓶培养表达上清中总蛋白质的26％。经初步纯化,对表达产物的性质鉴定表明,其分子量约125kD,具有免疫活性。对sgp190体外活性分析表明它能够抑制LIF诱导滋养层细胞分泌hCG。     

乙型肝炎病毒X基因真核表达载体的构建及其在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的表达

目的：在巴斯德毕赤酵母中表达乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）X蛋白,为探讨HBVX蛋白与慢性乙型肝炎及肝细胞癌发生的关系奠定基础。方法：用PCR方法扩增X基因序列,并分别在上下游引入XhoⅠ和XbaⅠ酶切位点,插入pPICZαA载体,转化大肠杆菌TOP10,筛选阳性克隆,对其进行PCR和双酶切及测序鉴定,构建HBVX蛋白毕赤酵母表达质粒pPICZαA-HBx;电击转化毕赤酵母GS115,对阳性克隆进行诱导表达后经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定目的蛋白。结果：双酶切pPICZαA-HBx后,琼脂糖电泳可分别见到大小约为3.1kb和465bp的片段,表明目的片段已插入载体中,序列测定表明其含有完整的X基因片段,Western blotting结果显示含有pPICZαA-HBx的毕赤酵母GS115能分泌表达X蛋白。结论：构建了毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA-HBx,并能在毕赤酵母GS115中分泌表达X蛋白。     

玉米赤霉烯酮降解酶毕赤酵母表达载体的构建及其表达

目的构建毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9-ZEN-jjm,筛选高效分泌表达活性目的蛋白的菌株。方法克隆ZEN-jjm基因,经EcoRⅠ和NotⅠ双酶切连接至pPIC9中,电转化至毕赤酵母GS115。利用RDB培养基和甲醇诱导表达进行筛选。HPLC检测表达蛋白降解玉米赤霉烯酮的活性。结果测序表明ZEN-jjm成功插入pPIC9中,SDS-PAGE表明获得1株高效表达目的蛋白的重组酵母,其分子量约29 kDa。HPLC表明其能有效地降解玉米赤霉烯酮。结论玉米赤霉烯酮降解酶在毕赤酵母中获得了高效分泌表达。     

人防御素6基因的克隆、亚克隆及在酵母中的分泌表达

探讨人防御素6(HD-6)在毕赤酵母中表达的可行性,为进一步研究HD6的功能提供理论依据和实验基础。采用PCR方法,设计引物从cDNA文库中扩增出人α防御素6基因片段,并将其插入到克隆载体pMD-18T中,再与毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA重组,以得到重组的HD-6酵母表达载体pPICZαA/HD-6,并进行琼脂糖电泳和测序鉴定。再将构建好的毕赤酵母重组表达质粒pPICZαA/HD-6经SacⅠ线性化后,应用LiCl法转化毕赤酵母菌株GS115感受态中,Zeocin平板筛选,PCR鉴定转化子。经摇瓶发酵和甲醇诱导,SDSPAGE分析重组HD-6的表达。从cDNA文库中扩增出的HD-6基因片断大小正确;电泳和测序结果均证明已将此片段克隆到酵母表达载体pPICZαA内;线性化的重组质粒pPICZαA/HD-6成功转化进入毕赤酵母感受态中,PCR鉴定结果与预期相符;蛋白电泳证实重组HD-6在酵母中获得分泌表达。提示重组HD-6可以在毕赤酵母中实现分泌表达。     

一种多拷贝毕赤酵母表达载体的构建及人脑源性神经营养因子的表达

利用PCR技术扩增出pPIC9K载体的HIS4 Kan序列片段 ,与pPICZα重组 ,构建结合了两个载体特点的适合体外构建多拷贝基因表达盒的毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZα1,改造后的载体含HIS4 Kan序列 ,能整合到酵母染色体上 ,具有筛选方便、外源基因多拷贝组建迅速、蛋白产物分泌表达和易纯化等优点。将人脑源性神经营养因子(hBDNF)的cDNA(35 7bp)克隆入载体pPICZα1,利用同尾酶BglⅡ、BamHⅠ不可逆连接方式 ,分别构建含有 1、2、3、6个拷贝hBDNF表达盒的重组表达载体 ,电击法转化毕赤酵母GS115菌株 ,用G4 18和Zeocin筛选转化子 ,筛选到的阳性转化子用 0 5 %甲醇诱导 ,获得分泌型表达。表达产物类似于天然神经营养因子单体大小、分子量约 14kD。多拷贝hBDNF表达盒的表达水平亦高于单拷贝hBDNF表达盒 ,ELISA和Westernblot检测表明 :表达的蛋白能与鸡抗人脑源性神经营养因子抗体特异结合 ,证实该表达蛋白具有hBDNF的免疫原性     

人精氨酸酶在毕赤酵母的高效表达、纯化和活性研究

目的：人精氨酸酶（Arginase, Arg）的基因arg在毕赤酵母高效分泌表达,建立相应纯化工艺路线,研究重组人精氨酸酶的活性。方法：将人精氨酸酶基因arg按正确的阅读框架插入到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9α信号肽基因后,构建得到重组毕赤酵母表达质粒。转化毕赤酵母GS115筛选高表达菌株。结果：成功构建了酵母表达载体pPIC-Arg,转化毕赤酵母GS115后筛选到分泌表达目的蛋白Arg的菌株,目标蛋白可以分泌到培养基中。经过膜过滤和凝胶过滤层析对培养基上清进行纯化,即可获得纯度达到95%的活性产物。活性测定表明,纯化的Arg比活性为310 IU/mg。结论：成功构建了Arg的毕赤酵母高效表达菌种,建立了目标物质的分离纯化工艺。     

人胰高血糖素样肽-1与人血清白蛋白融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达

目的：在巴斯德毕赤酵母中表达有降糖活性的人胰高血糖素样肽-1（hGLP-1）突变体（2Gly-hGLP-1）与人血清白蛋白（HSA）的融合蛋白。方法：为将GLP-1氨基酸序列第2位的丙氨酸（Ala）定点突变为甘氨酸（Gly）,根据毕赤酵母偏爱密码子合成编码2Gly-hGLP-1的基因;采用重叠PCR法拼接2Gly-hGLP-1和HSA的基因,使得2Gly-hGLP-1的C端与HSA的N端通过甘氨酸五肽接头连接;将该融合基因插入表达载体pPIC9构建为重组载体pPIC9/2Gly-hGLP-1-HSA,电击转化至毕赤酵母GS115细胞,通过表型筛选和诱导表达实验获得高效表达菌株;工程菌在5L发酵罐中培养后,对发酵产物进行分离纯化和生物学活性分析。结果：融合蛋白在5L发酵罐中的表达量约为200mg/L,经纯化后纯度可达95%以上;小鼠糖耐量实验表明该融合蛋白具有明显的控血糖活性。结论：在毕赤酵母中分泌表达的融合蛋白2Gly-hGLP-1-HSA具有降血糖活性。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.