贵州毕节旧石器地点发掘简况

1983年底,贵州省博物馆蔡回阳同志在毕节县进行旧石器和第四纪哺乳动物化石调查时,在青场区青场乡大湾寨附近的老鸦洞(东经105°1′8″,北纬27°21′14″)和海子街区海子街乡周家桥村附近的大洞(东径105°23′27″,北纬27°22′26″)中找到几件有人工打击痕迹的石制品。1984年5月,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所和贵州省博物馆派人复查了这两个地点,又采到一些石制品和动物化石。1985年10—     

桂西山区假眼小绿叶蝉冬季生物学的观察

<正> 广西百色茶场,地处广西西部的云贵高原边缘山区,西起东经106°18′10″,东至东经106°26′36″,南起北纬23°54′53″,北至北纬23°56′54″。平均海拔240米以上,最高563米,耕作区平均坡度35度以上。日照充足,热量丰富,但又是“十年九旱”之地。近几年来,假眼小绿叶蝉Empoasca pirisuga(Matsumura)在该场茶园普遍发生,猖獗为害,受害面积连年扩大。为了寻求科学的防治对策,摸清此虫在这一山     

山东白头鹎的一些生态观察

据记载白头鹎Pycnontus sinensis的分布区,北至山东南部郯城(东经118°17′—118°40′、北纬34°251—34°57′)……。1984—1988年作者在山东省泰山(东经117°5′—117°24′、北纬36°5′—36°75′)、徂徕山(东经117°16′—117°20′、北纬36°02′—36°07′)的连续观察和冬季采到的标本,得知此鸟在上述两地为留鸟。常在海拔500米以下的低山一带活动,多停落在树的     

胶东海岸的沙生植被

胶东半岛位于山东省东部,地处黄、渤海之滨,陆地海岸线全长1668.58km,占山东省陆地海岸线总长的一半以上。海岸地理位置约当北纬36°15′42″—38°24′00″,东经119°33′00″—122°42′18″之间,属暖温带生     

攀枝花苏铁

1971年,四川省林科所和飞播林场进行植被考查时,发现大片自然苏铁林,地理座标是东经101°33′30″～101°35′38″,北纬26°36′58″～26°38′33″。分布总面积约300多公顷,约12万株,集中在攀枝花市巴关河民政、平江一带,海拔1100～1500m的石灰岩山地、稀树草丛地带,定名为攀枝花苏铁(Cycas Panzhihuaensis)。     

白水江自然保护区大熊猫调查初报

白水江自然保护区位于甘肃省文县。在东经104°17′—105°25′;北纬32°32′—32°50′之间。总面积198668公顷(核心区90358公顷,禁猎区108310公顷)。是我国以保护大熊猫     

甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区的蛇类调查

笔者于91～92年7月初步调查了甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区(东经104°17′～105°25′、北纬32°36′～33°15′)的蛇类,采集标本30余号,经鉴定为2科12属18种(包括甘肃新纪录绞花林蛇1种),另有资料记载4属6种,共计2科16属24种,占甘肃蛇类的75%。     

甘肃天祝松山第一地点上新世兔形类和啮齿类动物

<正> 1980年夏,作者去甘肃天祝藏族自治县松山公社处理人民来信时,在公社所在地华尖附近发现三个相互邻近的上新世化石地点,其中两个已有相当数量的哺乳动物化石被发掘出来(将另文记述)。本文记述的化石地点位于华兴西南约1.5公里的上庙儿沟村南山坡海拔高度2640米。地理位置是东经103°16′18″,北纬36°57′34″。中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所野外地点号80006。     

梵净山自然保护区蕨类植物区系

梵净山属武陵山脉主峰,位于贵州省东北部,东经108°45′55″—108°48′30″,北纬27°49′50″—28°1′30″,海拔500—2493.4米,面积约600平方公里,其蕨类植物区系组成共39科83属182种。在区系结构}二表现出下列几个一般的特征:(1)种系密度大,成分多样1(2)温带性质,是泛北极区系的一部分,与热带地区有一定的亲缘联系;(3)特有现象明显;(4)是东南亚成分(含中国一喜马拉雅和中国—日本成分)分布中心的一部分:是中国—喜马拉雅和中国一日本成分交汇中心的一部分;(5)属内种系贫乏;(6)与华东地区的关系密切。     

褐稻虱在闽北越冬的探讨

我区位于福建北部,武夷山东南坡,北纬26°14′—28°20′、东经117°02′—119°17′。近几年,我们在开展褐稻虱发生规律研究中,曾对当地越冬虫源作些调查,现将初步结果简述如下。 1975、76两年冬春,曾对建阳县城关(北纬27°20′)附近平原田中稻桩、紫云英、小麦及沟河边的游草等杂草作了大量调查,未查获褐稻虱越冬虫源。     

西藏申扎地区奥陶纪鹦鹉螺类化石的新材料

塔尔玛桥东-扎扛一带是近年发现的藏北地区第二个有可靠生物化石依据的奥陶系出露区。描述的鹦鹉螺化石是该区鹦鹉螺化石的一小部分,包括1新属、2新种和1未定种,分别是Taermaocerasgen.nov.,Taer-maocerasregularegen.etsp.nov.,Taermaocerasovatumgen.etsp.nov.及Taermaocearssp.。     

Paleogeography of the Ordovician bryozoans of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Diplotrypa</Emphasis> Nicholson (Trepostomida)

The stratigraphic and paleogeographic ranges of Ordovician bryozoans of the genus Diplotrypa (Trepostomida: Halloporidae) are analyzed. It is shown that they were then limited in geographic range to the Paleobaltic Basin (the most probable center of origin of the genus Diplotrypa) and to the West Arctic and North American basins. The Silurian bryozoans of this genus were represented by only a few species. In addition, the intercolonial variability of the species Diplotrypa abnormis (Modzalevskaya, 1953) and D. petropolitana (Nicholson, 1879) is studied; Upper Ordovician specimens of these species have been discovered from the Leningrad Region of Russia for the first time. The colonies of these species from the Leningrad Region are compared here with those of Podolia (Western Ukraine) and Vaygach Island (western sector of the Russian Arctic).     

The Ordovician acritarch genus Coryphidium

The acritarch genus Coryphidium Vavrdová, 1972 is one of the most frequently recorded acritarch taxa in the Ordovician. The original diagnoses, stratigraphical ranges and geographical distribution of all Coryphidium species are critically evaluated in a review of published literature supplemented by studies of material from the British Isles, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and China, including sections from type areas. The taxonomic concept of the genus is here rationalized: the genus Coryphidium is emended and the informal category of coryphid acritarchs is introduced to include all morphotypes with the characteristic vesicle shape of the two genera Coryphidium and Vavrdovella Loeblich and Tappan, 1976. Nine of the previously described species can be attributed to the genus, and two other species possibly belong to it. The attribution to Coryphidium of the species C. sichuanense Wang and Chen, 1987 is rejected here. Intraspecific variability is very important and the attribution of Coryphidium specimens at the specific level is sometimes difficult. The genus is found in all palaeoenvironments from nearshore to offshore settings and apparently does not occupy specific palaeoecological niches. Coryphidium is very useful biostratigraphically and palaeobiogeographically. The review indicates that the genus first appears in the uppermost Tremadocian Araneograptus murrayi graptolite Biozone and is common through the upper Lower Ordovician and the Middle Ordovician, while Upper Ordovician occurrences might be the result of reworking. Palaeogeographically, Coryphidium is an indicator of the peri-Gondwanan acritarch “palaeoprovince” during the Early/Middle Ordovician.     

A NEW SPECIES OF BRITTLESTAR (OPHIUROIDEA, ECHINODERMATA) FROM THE HUNSRÜCK SLATE (LOWER EMSIAN, LOWER DEVONIAN) OF GERMANY

Abstract:  Lapworthura lehmanni , a new species of ophiuroid, is described from four specimens from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate of Germany. It is the only known ophiuroid in the Hunsrück Slate with paired but unfused ambulacrals, and it exhibits unique rows of spine-bearing dorsal arm ossicles. The genus Lapworthura Gregory was previously known only from the Ordovician of Scotland and the Silurian of England and Australia.     

湖南益阳早、中奥陶世的叶笔石属(Phyllograptus)

报道湖南益阳早、中奥陶世的叶笔石1属5种,包括Phyllograptus anna Hall,1865,Phyllograptus anna longus Ruedemann,1947,Phyllograptus anna ultimus Ruedemann,1904,Phyllograptus claviger Monsen,1937,Phyllograptus claviger acuminatus(Chen and Xia),1979。研究表明,该属主要产出于弗洛晚期至大坪中期,在早、中奥陶世笔石多样性演变事件第一阶段的后期(Corymbograptus deflexus带),叶笔石所代表的上攀伸展类型就已萌芽,且在第二阶段(Pseudophyllograptus angustifolius elongatus带-Isograptus victoriae divergens带)于均分笔石动物群中占据优势地位,对该动物群内部类群的演替起着承前启后的作用,同时也验证了笔石动物群自身的演替对于其多样性演变具有重要影响。     

A new look at age and area: the geographic and environmental expansion of genera during the Ordovician Radiation

Although available paleobiological data indicate that the geographic ranges of marine species are maintained throughout their entire observable durations, other evidence suggests, by contrast, that the ranges of higher taxa expand as they age, perhaps in association with increased species richness. Here, I utilize a database of Ordovician genus occurrences collected from the literature for several paleocontinents to demonstrate that a significant aging of the global biota during the Ordovician Radiation was accompanied by a geographic and environmental expansion of genus ranges. The proportion of genera occurring in two or more paleocontinents in the database, and two or more environmental zones within a six-zone onshore-offshore framework, increased significantly in the Caradocian and Ashgillian. Moreover, widespread genera tended to be significantly older than their endemic counterparts, suggesting a direct link between their ages and their environmental and geographic extents. Expansion in association with aging was corroborated further by demonstrating this pattern directly among genera that ranged from the Tremadocian through the Ashgillian. Taken together, these results are significant not only for what they reveal about the kinetics of a major, global-scale diversification, but also for what they suggest about the interpretation of relationships between diversity trends at the alpha (within-community) and beta (between-community) levels.     

ORDOVICIAN HALYSITID CORALS FROM NEW SOUTH WALES

Three halysitid coral species are described from the Ordovician of New South Wales. Quepora calamus sp.nov. and Quepora sp. are recorded from the Cargo Creek Limestone, and Halysites praecedens sp.nov. from the Bowan Park and Canomodine Limestones. The species of Halysites is the first to be described from the Ordovician. It occurs in beds correlated with the LTpper Eastonian (= Middle-Upper Caradoc or Barneveld–Eden). A review of the early history and distribution of halysitids is presented.
Sections of Ordovician and Silurian species of Halysites have shed new light on the nature of interstitial and peripheral budding in the genus.     

Decouverte du genre Phyllograptus (Graptolites) dans l'Ordoviciendes Pyrenees Atlantiques: Consequences stratigraphiques

For the first time in the Pyrenees Atlantiques, three species of the genus Phyllograptus have been observed in slates of the Saint-Martin d'Arrossa region. This discovery has made it possible to date more precisely these beds which were previously considered to be Upper Ordovician on Brachiopod evidence. It is now possible to place these slates in the Lower Ordovician and more precisely in the Arenig.     

Cryptostomid Bryozoans From The Sassito Formation,Upper Ordovician Cool‐Water Carbonates of the Argentinean Precordillera

Abstract: Two new bryozoan species are described from the Upper Ordovician Sassito Formation of the Argentinean Precordillera: Moyerella  spinata sp. nov. and Phylloporina  sassitoensis sp. nov. The bryozoans are found in cool‐water carbonates. The Silurian genus Moyerella is reported the first time in the Ordovician, showing palaeobiogeographic connections with Estonia and Siberia.     

New data on perittocrinids and hybocrinids (Crinoidea, Echinodermata) from the Middle Ordovician of the Baltic region

Age variation of radial plates of perittocrinids and aberrant cups of the hybocrinid genus Hoplocrinus from the Middle Ordovician of the St-Petersburg region are examined. Three patterns for the development of folds on the radial plates of perittocrinids are recognized. The differences between patterns are of species level. It is proposed here that the folded structures of perittocrinids (as well as the pore-structures of other pelmatozoans) were not only used for respiration, but also very likely for feeding. Tetracionocrinus transitor is a young individual of a species of the genus Perittocrinus or a paedomorphic species of this genus. The study of aberrant cups of Hoplocrinus suggests that its ancestor could have had biserial arms. Phylogenetic implications of this interpretation are discussed, and homologies within the phylum Echinodermata, reassessed. The three-armed genus Baerocrinus may be an aberrant form of a species of the genus Hoplocrinus.