中国鹿角兰属(兰科)植物新资料

报道了中国兰科(Orchidaceae)鹿角兰属(Pomatocalpa)一新记录种——纹瓣鹿角兰［P. tonkinense (Gagnep.) Seidenf.］,凭证标本保存于广西植物研究所标本馆(IBK)。纹瓣鹿角兰的花序疏生多数花,萼片、花瓣均具2条紫色条纹,中萼片及花瓣远长于侧萼片,与中国原记录的2种鹿角属植物容易区分。该研究提供了新记录种的形态描述、中国鹿角兰属植物图版及分种检索表。     

国产耳草属长节耳草及其相似种的分类研究

我国耳草属中具有茎四棱和头状花序特征的植物常常被鉴定为长节耳草(Hedyotis uncinella),并且这一名称还包括了基于不同模式的3个分类学异名。由于这一类植物在叶片形态、叶柄长短、花序着生式样以及花梗长度等形态特征方面存在着明显的不同,因此将这一类植物笼统地鉴定为长节耳草并不合理。为清晰区分这类植物,通过模式比对、居群形态特征变异式样的野外观察以及分子系统学分析等方法进行研究,结果表明,以前被鉴定为“长节耳草”的植物实际上包括了6个分类实体,即被归并的丰花耳草(H. borrerioides)、垦丁耳草(H. kuraruensis)和新组合种——团花耳草(H. cephalophora)均应独立成种,而长节耳草本种、被忽略的线叶耳草(H. linearifolia)和我国新记录种——球花耳草(H. multiglomerulata)各自也应得到承认。同时,为了便于进行分类鉴定,也提供了这些种类的分种检索表。     

Pyrus cordifolia sp. nov. and two new records of Pyrus (Rosaceae) from Iran

A new species, namely Pyrus cordifolia (P. sect. Pashia) is described as new to science, and two new records including P. tamamschianiae (P. sect. Pyrus) and P. theodorovii var. latifolia (P. sect. Argyromalon) are reported for the flora of Iran. These taxa are compared with their closest relatives. Photographs and a distribution map of these taxa as well as an illustration of the new species are presented. An identification key to members of P. sect. Pashia in Iran is provided.     

广西景天科景天属植物小志

该文基于文献考证、馆藏标本鉴定及野外调查，对广西景天属(Sedum L.)植物进行了系统的梳理，对景天属植物物种多样性进行概述，确定目前分布有17种，其中有6个新记录种。该文概述了广西景天属植物物种多样性，订正了藓状景天(S.polytrichoides Hemsl.),简述了6个新记录种，即钝萼景天(S.leblancae Hamet.)、黎平景天(S.lipingense R. B. Zhang, D. Tan&R. X. Wei)、龙泉景天(S.lungtsuanense S. H. Fu)、圆叶景天(S.makinoi Maxim.)、细小景天(S.subtile Miq.)、土佐景天(S.tosaense Makino),并提供其形态特征集要与彩色照片。该文还对广西景天属植物的多样性以及资源潜在利用价值等进行了讨论，并附有分种检索表和各个分类群在广西的分布情况，为该属后续的研究与利用提供了本底资料。     

Taxonomic revision and phytogeographic studies in Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in the Khorassan provinces of Iran

This study is focused on the genus Euphorbia L. in a part of northeast Iran, viz. the three Khorassan provinces. Since there are many taxa of Euphorbia in Iran which are used in different industries and have significant effects on human and non‐human life it is important to revise their taxonomy. With about 90 species, following Turkey with 91 species, Iran is the second richest country for Euphorbia in Asia. Of these, 30 species are distributed in the Khorassan provinces. This is the first comprehensive work on the genus in this region. According to ‘Flora Iranica’, there are 17 species of Euphorbia in northeast Iran, while according to our results, there are 30 species of Euphorbia in the Khorassan provinces alone. In addition to various new taxonomic and biogeographic results, a new species, viz. E. chamanbidensis, is described. Euphorbia chamanbidensis is closely related to E. aucheri, but seed micro‐morphological characters differentiate them. Two identification keys to the Euphorbia species of the studied area are provided, one based on macro‐morphological characters and another based on seed micro‐morphological characters. Phytogeographic analysis and distribution maps for all species are also presented.     

Two new spontaneous hybrids of American hard pines from Pinus sect. Trifoliae (Pinaceae) found in the unique Russian Sochi Arboretum

In the 1990s, an extraordinarily abundant live collection of the genus Pinus, including 49 species, 4 subspecies, and 7 interspecific hybrids, found in the Sochi Arboretum in Russia on the northeast coast of the Black Sea, was taxonomically revised. Among these taxa, two previously unknown interspecific hybrids of American hard pine species from P. sect. Trifoliae had arisen spontaneously in culture. These are described here as the new hybrid species Pinus × transamericana (P. muricata × P. rigida) and Pinus × critchfieldii (P. patula × P. taeda). All known natural or artificial interspecific hybrids within P. sect. Trifoliae are listed, and hybridization between American hard pine species is discussed. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Revision of Launaea Cass. (Compositae) in Egypt with special references to cypselar diversity

A systematic revision for the species of Launaea Cass. in Egypt has revealed the presence of fourteen taxa belonging to 12 species, of which L. acanthodes (Boiss.) Kuntze is a new recorded. One new combination “L. fragilis subsp. tenuiloba (Boiss.) Zareh & Mohamed” is made. Achene diversity of the studied taxa of Launaea was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. The taxonomic relationships between the studied taxa were discussed as well as SEM micrographs of achenes are provided. Synonyms and key for the identification of the investigated taxa based on morphological characters as well as notes on distribution are provided.     

Potamogeton×exilis (P. alpinus×P. natans), a new hybrid pondweed from Finland

A Potamogeton hybrid recently discovered in Finland was proven to be a new taxon, which has a different parentage than the most similar P.×vepsicus (=P. natans×praelongus) described from Russia. Based on molecular and morphological investigation, the new hybrid was identified as P. alpinus×natans and is here described as P.×exilis nothosp. nov. The hybrid is known only from several nearby localities in a single river system. All discovered colonies almost certainly originate from a single hybridization event that occurred in the upper part of the river system. Other localities downstream have been established through fragmentation and dispersal of stems and rhizomes of this sterile hybrid. A detailed morphological comparison of the new hybrid with similar hybrids and species is provided.     

桥弯藻科和异极藻科（硅藻门）植物中国7种新记录

对采自黑龙江省东南部兴凯湖湿地的100余号硅藻标本进行分类研究,共发现桥弯藻科、异极藻科（硅藻门）中国新记录植物5种2变种,分别为亚粗糙桥弯藻（Cymbella peraspera Krammer）、尖头弯肋藻［Cymbopleura cuspidata (Kützing) Krammer］、不显内丝藻高山变种（Encyonema obscurum var.alpina Krammer）、西里西亚内丝藻翼形变种（Encyonema silesiacum var.lata Krammer）、耳状异极藻（Gomphonema auritum Braun & Kützing）、棍棒异极藻（Gomphonema clava Reichardt）、极细异极藻［Gomphonema exilissimum (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot & Reichardt］。对其分类学特征进行了详细的描述,与同属中相似的种类进行了比较与讨论,为今后该区域的藻类研究提供了基础的资料。     

中国大陆天麻属(兰科)一新记录种——乌来天麻

该文报道了在广西七冲国家级自然保护区发现的中国大陆兰科(Orchidaceae)天麻属(Gastrodia R. Brown)一新记录种——乌来天麻(G. uraiensis T. C. Hsu&C. M. Kuo)。乌来天麻形态较近似于春天麻(G. fontinalis T. P. Lin),但乌来天麻的花序、花被筒较短,唇盘中部具4条纵向脊,脊向舌状先端延伸、合并成更高的2条,易与春天麻相区别。同时,还描述了新记录种的形态特征,提供了彩色图版,并讨论了此次新发现的生物地理学意义。     

Crataegus grossidentata sp. nov. (Rosaceae–Pyreae), a new hawthorn from northern Iran

Crataegus grossidentata Sharifnia & K. I. Chr., found in northern Iran, is described and illustrated as a species new to science. Its ecology, distribution and taxonomic relationships are discussed. A key to C. grossidentata and other one‐styled taxa of Crataegus occurring in Iran is provided.     

Taxonomy and phylogeny of Puccinia lagenophorae: a study using rDNA sequence data, morphological and host range features

Puccinia lagenophorae is a rust fungus originating from Australasia which has spread throughout the world. A phylogenetic analysis of taxa related to this species was performed using rDNA (LSU, ITS) sequence data. The analyses revealed a well-supported cluster including all specimens of P. lagenophorae. By evaluating morphological and sequence data, the species is taxonomically re-defined and a list of synonyms is provided. Puccinia distincta on Bellis perennis, a species recently separated from P. lagenophorae, P. saccardoi, a species on the Goodeniaceae, and P. byliana, a species so far only known from South Africa, are reduced to synonymy in P. lagenophorae, as are several other species. Our analysis indicates that P. lagenophorae is likely not derived from the northern hemisphere species P. obscura, but from a species from Australia host-alternating between Asteraceae (aecial host) and Cyperaceae/Juncaceae (telial host). Another related species, P. stylidii (on Stylidium sp., Stylidiaceae) may have been derived from the same parental species as P. lagenophorae. From ontogenetical and morphological studies, the presence of pycnia could not be confirmed in the life cycle of this species, and the width of the pedicel of teliospores at the point of attachment was found to be highly variable and not a taxonomic character. The number of known host species is approximately 150, including 41 new host plants recorded herein.     

云雾算盘子(叶下珠科)分类小记

云雾算盘子(Glochidion nubigenum Hook. f.)于1988年被描述为中国分布新记录种,但同时所引证的凭证标本(李渤生、程树志4533;采于西藏墨脱)实际属于米什米算盘子(G. mishmiense Hook. f.),而《中国植物志》及Flora of China等分类学著作中关于云雾算盘子的形态特征描述与上述凭证标本及云雾算盘子原始形态描述均不符,因此前人关于云雾算盘子在中国的分布记录属于标本鉴定错误所致。近期在西藏日喀则市亚东县的野外考察中发现了真正的云雾算盘子野生居群,证实中国确实有该种分布,故对该种在中国的地理分布区信息予以修正,并提供了该种详细的形态特征描述与野外活体图片。