共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
中国蔗蝗属三种之间亲缘关系的RAPD分析(直翅目:蝗总科:斑腿蝗科) 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
用RAPD技术对中国蔗蝗属3种蝗虫基因组DNA的多态性进行研究。在事先优化的反应条件下用12个随机引物扩增,共得到179条清晰稳定的多态性片段,片段长度为200—2000bp。统计这些片段,根据扩增片段的共享度计算出相对遗传距离指数,然后用NJ和UPGMA聚类方法对其进行分析,构建系统树,以确定这3种间的亲缘关系。结果表明:等歧蔗蝗与异歧蔗蝗二者的亲缘关系较近,而与斑角蔗蝗的关系较远。 相似文献
2.
用RAPD标记研究对虾属六个种间的亲缘关系 总被引:27,自引:2,他引:25
用RAPD技术对对虾属中六种对虾基因组DNA的多态性进行研究。在事先优化的反应条件下用20个随机引物扩增,共得到364条清晰稳定的多态性片段,片段长度在230 ̄2800bp之间。统计这些片段,根据扩增片段的共享度计算出相对遗传距离指数,然后用UPGMA和NJ等聚类方法对其进行分析,构建系统树,确定了它们相互间的亲缘关系。从聚类分析的结果可以看到,外部形态比较相似的种类在基因组DNA上表现出较大的相 相似文献
3.
长期以来,螨类主要依靠其形态特征进行系统学研究。DNA标记是指能反映生物个体或物种间基因组中某种差异特征的DNA片段。近年来,DNA标记技术在螨类系统学研究中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文综述了随机扩增多态性RAPD、限制性内切酶片段长度多态性RFLP、微卫星SSR、核酸序列扩增、扩增片段长度多态性AFLP和直接扩增片段长度多态性DALP等6种DNA标记技术在螨类系统学研究中的应用现状及前景。 相似文献
4.
小麦双引物RAPD分析方法的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
RAPD标记是近几年迅速发展的一种新型分子标记,标准的RAPD的反应是以10个寡聚核苷酸作引物,通过PCR反应扩增出基因组的部分片段,我们在研究外源DNA导入小麦后外源遗传物质的追踪时,对这个方法进行了改进,采取了双引物进行扩增,结果双引物反应能够比单引物反应扩增出更多的多态性片段。分子杂交结果表明,双引物扩增出的新片段与单引物扩增片段无同源性,并对双引物扩增出的多态性片段产生的可能原因进行讨论。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
二核苷酸重复多态性的非同位素检测及其在基因诊断中的应用 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
本文报道了一种检测二核苷酸重复多态性的简便的非同位素法,利用重复序列两侧的特异引物进行PCR扩增,产生的等位片段在薄层变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳上分离,再用灵敏的银染法显色。该方法不需要标记PCR产物,简便、快速,分辨率可达1bp,并可用多对引物同时进行多重PCR分析。用此方法对DMD家系成员dystrophin基因的5'-脑型外显子止游区和3'-非翻译区的两个(CA)。位点进行了扩增片段长度多态性分 相似文献
9.
大麻性别的RAPD和SCAR分子标记 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用随机扩增多态性DNA(randomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA,RAPD)技术获得与大麻性别连锁的分子标记.将10株雄性大麻或10株雌性大麻的单个DNA样品等量混合分别组成雄性或雌性DNA池(DNApool),以提供具有相同遗传背景的雌、雄性DNA样品.每个随机引物分别用三个不同的循环程序进行PCR扩增.在30个随机引物中,用引物401扩增得到一条约2.5kb雄性多态性片段.对该片段进行了克隆和序列分析,并根据序列分析结果将上述RAPD分子标记转化为重复性和特异性更好的SCAR(sequencecharacterizedamplifiedregions)分子标记. 相似文献
10.
11.
Relationships among <Emphasis Type="Italic">Leymus</Emphasis> species assessed by RAPD markers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The DNA genetic diversity of 40 accessions of genus Leymus was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 352 products were amplified by 34 10-mer arbitrary
primers, among which 337 products (95.74 %) were found to be polymorphic. 5–14 polymorphic bands were amplified by each polymorphic
primer, with an average of 9.91 bands. The data of 352 RAPD bands were used to generate Jaccard’s similarity coefficients
and to construct a dendrogram by means of UPGMA. Great genetic diversity in genus Leymus was observed, the genetic diversity among the different species more abundant than that of the different accessions, and
the different accessions in a species or the species from the same areas were clustered together. 相似文献
12.
Intra- and interspecific variability of total DNA isolated from haploid megagametophytes of coniferous species was examined using polymerase chain reaction with random primers. Based on this technique, one can with certainty detect heterozygosity at gene loci carrying null alleles and thus reveal cryptic intraspecific genetic variation. Large population samples were used. Along with random amplified polymorphic DNA, i.e., widely known fragments (amplicons) polymorphic within a species, we found invariant loci lacking individual or geographic variability but differentiating species within genera and other taxa. This DNA was termed RAMD (random amplified monomorphic DNA) to distinguish it from polymorphic DNA. Our findings suggest that genetic monomorphism of species and the dual structure of the eukaryotic genome can be detected at the DNA level as was previously shown for protein gene markers. 相似文献
13.
Intra- and interspecific variability of total DNA isolated from haploid megagametophytes of coniferous species was examined using polymerase chain reaction with random primers. Based on this technique, one can with certainty detect heterozygosity at gene loci carrying null alleles and thus reveal cryptic intraspecific genetic variation. Large population samples were used. Along with random amplified polymorphic DNA, i.e., widely known fragments (amplicons) polymorphic within a species, we found invariant loci lacking individual or geographic variability but differentiating species within genera and other taxa. This DNA was termed RAMD (random amplified monomorphic DNA) to distinguish it from polymorphic DNA. Our findings suggest that genetic monomorphism of species and the dual structure of the eukaryotic genome can be detected at the DNA level as was previously shown for protein gene markers. 相似文献
14.
Unionidae(Bivalvia)are distributed infreshwaters,and represent a significanttaxonof benthic community[1].In China,freshwater mussels are abundant resources[2].Since1949,substantial investigations onthe unionidfau-na had been undertakenin China[3—8].Withreference tooverseas research[9,10],a preliminary reorganization onthe Unionidae was performed accordingtosome classifica-tion characteristics such as shell shape,larvae character-istics,and breeding habit[11].Due tothe serious conver-gence of freshwater muss... 相似文献
15.
WEI Kai-Jian XIONG Bang-Xi ZHANG Gui-Rong 《水生生物学报》2006,12(6):1-691
Unionidae(Bivalvia)are distributed infreshwaters,and represent a significanttaxonof benthic community[1].In China,freshwater mussels are abundant resources[2].Since1949,substantial investigations onthe unionidfau-na had been undertakenin China[3—8].Withreference tooverseas research[9,10],a preliminary reorganization onthe Unionidae was performed accordingtosome classifica-tion characteristics such as shell shape,larvae character-istics,and breeding habit[11].Due tothe serious conver-gence o… 相似文献
16.
银鲫复合种外源遗传物质整入的RAPD分析 总被引:41,自引:13,他引:28
在优化RADPD检测条件的基础上,采用40对随机引物,比较分析了银复合物,异育银鲫和兴国红鲤相互间扩增DNA片段的异同性。总的来说,银鲫复合种和异育银鲫具有基本一致的扩增产物,而与兴国红鲤的扩增产物多数不同,相似率分析表明,银鲫复合种与兴国红鲤之间的相似率为31.6%,异育银鲫与兴国红鲤之间的相似率为28.6%。在分析中,除发现银鲫复合种,异育银鲫与兴国红鲤间共有扩增片段外,还发现了银鲫复合种与兴 相似文献
17.
Species of Ganoderma are used in traditional medicines. An improved random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, where the RAMP time is prolonged, has been used to characterize the genetic variation in some well known species of Ganoderma. The DNA materials were collected from ten Ganoderma strains, amplified with randomly selected 24 RAPD primers and evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis. A cluster dendrogram was constructed for genetic analysis on the basis of amplification results. The improved RAPD amplified DNA with consistent and clear banding patterns. A total of 316 bands were found with 93% polymorphism. There was a significant genetic distance between the different strains of Ganoderma, with an index of similarity coefficient in the range of 0.52–0.74. The inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis of the Ganoderma DNA samples showed similar trend results to the RAPD analysis with 0.49–0.81 similarity coefficients. This study reports the high level of genetic differences between different species or strains of a single species of Ganoderma and confirms the significance of the improved RAPD method in genetic characterization of organisms. Therefore, the improved RAPD combined with ISSR techniques might be used for the genetic characterization of organisms. 相似文献
18.
用RAPD技术探讨中国枣的种下划分 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对14个枣Ziziphus jujuba 品种和1个野生种——泰山酸枣Z.spinosus的遗传变异进行了研究。从120个10-碱基随机引物中筛选出37个多态性引物用于正式扩增,共扩增出429条DNA带,其中多态性带214条,占49.88%。根据DNA扩增结果计算了品种及类型间遗传距离,并用UPGMA构建了聚类树状图。分析结果表明:龙爪枣 Z.jujuba var.tortuosa、葫芦枣 Z. jujuba var.lageniformis、无核枣 Z.jujuba var.anucleatus 等几个变种内的遗传距离大于变种间遗传距离,认为枣的变种划分是不自然的,宜并入其原变种;枣种下不宜设变种,对枣种下的众多品种,应根据品种间的遗传关系,直接划分品种群。 相似文献