Uredo maua, sp. nov., andUromyces tairae: Additions to the rust flora of Hawai'i

Uredo maua, onXylosma hawaiiense (Flacourtiaceae), an endemic tree of Hawaiian forests, is newly described as an addition to Hawai'i's native rust flora.Uredo wakensis, originally described from Wake Island and reported from other Pacific islands onTournefortia argentea (Boraginaceae), represents the uredinial state ofUromyces tairae, described from Okinawa. This rust is newly reported from Hawai'i.     

中国禾本科植物锈菌补遗

本文对中国禾本科植物锈菌增补了五种,其中两个新种:1、单穗拂子茅夏孢锈Uredo calamagrostidis-emodensis 2、多花剪股颖夏孢锈U. agrostidis-myrianthae;三个中国新记录:3、青篱竹柄锈Puccinia arundinariae 4、阿切尔单胞锈Uromyces archerianus 5、龙爪茅单胞锈U. dactyloctenii。每个种都有描述及附图。标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

西沙群岛的粗根茎莎草夏孢锈菌

在西沙群岛永兴岛发现了我国未曾报道的粗根茎莎草夏孢锈菌Uredo cyperi-stoloni feri Yen.此菌形成大的矩形或纺锤形孢子堆.夏孢子很大,30-43 × 21-29μm,3.5-Sμm厚,有2个明显的腰生芽孔.此菌过去仅见于新加坡.     

Chaconia hennenii, a new holomorph species for Uredo maclurae and Uredo celtidis (Uredinales)

Chaconia hennenii is proposed as a new holomorph species for Uredo maclurae (= Physopella maclurae) on Maclura tinctoria (Moraceae) after the discovery of teliospores. Uredo celtidis described on Celtis (Ulmaceae) is synonymous with U. maclurae and belongs to the same holomorph species, as revealed by morphologically indistinguishable urediniospores and newly discovered teliospores. The host genus of U. celtidis is not Celtis, but most probably Maclura, too. Chaconia hennenii is unique among known Chaconia species by the apical wall thickening of the teliospores.     

Rust fungi (Uredinales) found in Marshall Islands and Pohnpei

Uromyces wedeliae, Coleosporium plumeriae, andUredo guettardae are reported for the first time from Kwajalein Atoll, Republic of Marshall Islands, and Pohnpei, Federal States of Micronesia.     

The production of floral oils byMonttea (Scrophulariaceae) and the function of tarsal pads inCentris bees

Plant species that secrete oil as their primary floral reward are rare and sporadically found in the angiosperms. We report here thatMonttea, a genus previously unsuspected of being an oil-plant, produces lipids from trichome elaiophores on the inside of the lower (anterior) lip. The discovery of the production of oils by species of this S. American genus explains the occurrence of unusual dual-function collecting structures in ArgentineCentris (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) and explains the presence of oil-collecting bees in regions where oil-secreting flowers were previously thought to be absent. The behavior of these centridine pollinators onMonttea flowers parallels that of oil-collecting bees onDiascia (Scrophulariaceae) in S. Africa.     

Cytogenetic and genomic relationships ofThinopyrum elongatum with twoPsathyrostachys species and withLeymus secalinus (Poaceae)

Intergeneric hybridizations were made betweenT. elongatum, and twoPsathyrostachys and fiveLeymus species. The seed set obtained onT. elongatum ×Leymus hybrids ranged from 5.65% to 20.00%, depending onLeymus species. The seed set obtained onT. elongatum ×Psathyrostachys hybrids ranged from 16.07% to 19.70%. Meiotic pairing at metaphase-I in JN diploid hybrids ofT. elongatum ×Psathyrostachys species revealed a very low level homology between the basic J and N genomes, and further demonstrated that the two genomes are quite diverged. Chromosome pairing in theT. elongatum ×Leymus secalinus hybrid averaged 15.19 univalents + 2.62 rod bivalents + 0.26 ring bivalents + 0.02 trivalents, suggesting that the partial J^e chromosomes ofT. elongatum has homology withLeymus secalinus genomes.L. secalinus might have 3–4 chromosomes originating from J^e genome.     

New records of the carabidicolous Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) of Japan (II)

Six carabidicolous species of Laboulbeniales are reported as new for the Japanese mycoflora. They areLaboulbenia finitima, L. separata, L. borneensis, L. manubriolata, Dimeromyces caribaeus, andDixomyces ornatus. In Japan, the former three species are parasitic onMochtherus luctuosus and the latter three species onPerigona nigriceps. Laboulbenia finitima occurs on the left legs (tarsi and tibiae);L. separata on the left elytral margin:L. borneensis on the pronotum;L. manubriolata on the pronotum and elytra;Dimeromyces caribaeus on the right inferior posterior surface of the prothorax (pronotal hypomeron); andDixomyces ornatus on the outer margin of the right elytron. Comments and photographs are given for each fungus.     

Notes on natural enemies attackingLepidosaphes species [Homoptera: Diaspididae] associated withCitrus in Costa Rica

Aphytis lepidosaphes Compere (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) parasitize two species ofLepidosaphes onCitrus in Costa Rica.Zagloba beaumonti andPentilia discors (Col.: Coccinellidae) also feed on both species.      

Notes on new and noteworthy plant-inhabiting fungi from Japan (1)

Six fungi isolated from plant materials in Japan are described. The first isPseudohalonectria aomoriensis sp. nov. (Lasiosphaeriaceae). It differs from other known species of the genusPseudohalonectria in the dimensions of its asci and ascospores. The second,Monodictys abuensis, is newly added to the mycoflora of Japan. Its host,Zelkova serrata, is also newly recorded. Three others found on new host plants areDictyochaeta simplex onQuercus myrsinaefolia andBladhia crispa, Colletotrichum dematium onAucuba japonica var.borealis, andNectria mammoidea var.rubi onCercidiphyllum japonicum. The sixth,Trochophora fasciculata, aDaphniphyllum sooty leaf spot fungus renamed by Goos fromT. simplex, is reported with a full list of synonyms.     

Distribution of spore-positive and spore-negative nodules in stands ofAlnus glutinosa andAlnus incana in Finland

Summary The distribution of spore positive (Sp⁺) and spore negative (Sp⁻) nodules on the two native alder species (A. incana andA. glutinosa) in Finland was investigated. Nodules were collected throughout the country from different ecosystems (forests, swamps, lake- sea- and riversides, old pastures and fields as well as from alder plantations). OnA. incana Sp⁺ nodules predominated, whereas onA. glutinosa the vast majority of the nodules were of the Sp⁻ type. Sp⁺ nodules onA. glutinosa were found only at sites where the two alder species grew close together. This distribution pattern indicates an association of nodule type with alder species, the reasons for which are discussed. Indications of saprophytic growth in the Sp⁻ strain were also found.     

Addition and reexamination of Japanese species belonging to the genusCercospora and allied genera I. Collections from Nansei-Islands (1)

In the first report of the present series, six species collected from Nansei Islands were discussed. Of these, one found onElaeocarpus japonica was described as a new species,Pseudocercospora elaeocarpicola. Pseudocercospora plumeriae onPlumeria rubra was transferred from the genusCercospora and added to the Japanese fungous flora, together withCercosporidium bougainvilleae onBougainvillea spectabilis. One of the three remaining species,Pseudcercospora punicae onPunica granatum was newly recorded from Nansei Islands. On the other two species, namelyP. circumscissa andP. fukuokaensis, some additional notes concerning distribution and host range were described.     

Drei neue moosbewohnende Ascomyceten

The following three species of parastiticascomycetes are described, illustrated and discussed in detail:Octosporella ptilidii spec. nova (Pezizales) onPtilidium ciliare from Switzerland,Nectria mnii spec. nova (Hypocreales) onPlagiomnium medium from Switzerland, andPhilobryon anuliferum gen. et spec. nov. (Dothideales) onPleurozia gigantea from New Guinea. The species are known only from the type collections. It is shown that the hyphae present an array of important characters which deserve the same attention as the fruiting bodies.

Frau Prof. Dr.Elisabeth Tschermak-Woess zu ihrem 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Aplopsora corni sp. nov. onCornus controversa from Hokkaido,Japan

Aplopsora corni sp. nov. is proposed for a rust fungus whose uredinial and basidial stage occurs onCornus controversa (Cornaceae) in Hokkaido. This new species is separated by its larger urediniospores and probasidia from the morphologically closely relatedA. nyssae onNyssa aquatica andN. sylvatica (Cornaceae) distributed in southern North America.     

Aecidium dispori is the aecial anamorph ofPuccinia albispora, sp. nov. (Uredinales)

Aecidium dispori forms spermogonium and aecium onDisporum sessile andD. smilacinum, which are distributed in East Asia. TheAecidium species is found to be an aecial anamorph of aPuccinia fungus, with its uredinial-telial stage being formed onCarex conica, C. dolichostachya subsp.multifolia, C. pisiformis subsp.alterniflora andC. rugata. Urediniospores of this fungus are large, colorless, thick-walled with 4–5 equatorial germ pores. The morphological characteristics of urediniospores and the spermogonial-aecial host do not fit to any set of circumscribing characters of previously described species. We consider the fungus to be a new species and propose a new name,Puccinia albispora, for the fungus.     

The chromosomes ofCunninghamia konishii,C. lanceolata,andTaiwania cryptomerioides (Taxodiaceae)

Karyotype analyses were conducted onCunninghamia konishii, Cunninghamia lanceolata, andTaiwania cryptomerioides, all members ofTaxodiaceae. The somatic chromosome number was found to be 2n = 2x = 22 in all species which concurrs with previous reports. The karyotypes are generally asymmetrical with the smaller chromosomes being more submedian than the larger ones. Chromosomes with unusual or specific structures, thought to be associated with the nucleolar organizing region, were found in each species.Cunninghamia species have a marker chromosome pair with an unusually long secondary constriction.Taiwania has an unusually long kinetochore region present in a submedian chromosome pair.     

Puccinia carici-adenocauli, a new rust fungus onCarex, and its anamorph,Aecidium adenocauli

Field observations and inoculation experiments showed thatAecidium adenocauli onAdenocaulon himalaicum was an anamorph of aPuccinia onCarex hakonensis andC. uda. From comparative morphology with caricicolous puccinias, the rust on theseCarex species was considered as a new species and was named asPuccinia carici-adenocauli. Contribution No. 142, Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba     

Host specificity ofPterolonche inspersa [Lep.: Pterolonchidae] and its potential as a biological control agent forCentaurea diffusa,diffuse knapweed,andC. Maculosa,spotted knapweed

In 1981 the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Biological Control of Weeds Laboratory (BCWL, Rome, Italy) started investigating the host specificity ofP. inspersa as a candidate for biological control ofC. diffusa andC. maculosa, and in 1985 the investigation was completed at the USDA Biological Control of Weeds Laboratory at Albany, California. Thirty five species of plants in the familyAsteraceae and 23 other species in 8 related families were tested. Larval survival beyond 1st instar occurred only onCentaurea spp. except for 1 larva found inCnicus benedictus L.P. inspersa is stenophagous onCentaurea, therefore, a good candidate for introduction into North America.      

REM-Untersuchungen anMilesia vogesiaca undMilesia whitei (Uredinales)

Central European specimens of twoMilesia species, both growing onPolystichum, were investigated by SEM. The uredospores ofM. vogesiaca are not smooth, as stated in literature, but finely verrucose; size and density of the verrucae are rather variable. In contrast, the uredospores ofM. whitei are finely echinulate.