T载体介导的基于attL核心区LR反应的简化快速Gateway克隆系统（英文）

Gateway克隆技术已得到广泛的应用。该技术先通过BP反应将目标片段连到带有完整attL特异识别位点的入门载体,然后与终载体通过LR反应得到表达载体。Gateway克隆方法与传统的酶切连接方法相比有快速简单等优点。但是,BP和LR酶都非常昂贵。本研究首先对3个常用Gateway载体的atts特异位点序列比对发现,attL序列核心交换位点"core attL"的21~22 bp长的碱基是保守和必要的。由此,设计含有core-attL序列的引物,通过PCR克隆得到DNA片段并连入p MD18-T载体,然后进行LR反应,可成功得到目标表达载体,并在保守的位点上正确重组。本研究还对其中一个带有绿色荧光蛋白基因的表达载体转化至烟草,能够正常表达该蛋白质。结果表明,通过将含有attL核心位点基因片段连接到p MD18-T载体上,可以省略BP反应而将目标片段连接到终载体上,节约了反应时间和成本。     

含甘露糖异构酶基因植物表达载体的构建

目的:构建了以manA基因为选择标记的植物表达载体。方法:从大肠杆菌DH5α中克隆出manA基因,连接到质粒pCAMBIA1301的XhoⅠ位点,替换hpt基因,通过酶切和PCR检测了插入片段的正确性,使用XbaⅠ和HindⅢ酶切Gateway载体(pGWCBF)获得含有P35S-T35S-attR1-attR2-CmR-ccdB的结构域,将其插入到表达载体pCAMBIA1301的相应位点中,获得中间表达载体pCAMBIA1301-manA-GW,使用Gateway载体的BP反应与LR反应,将转录因子CBF基因片段整合到载体中。结果:酶切结果表明以甘露糖异构酶基因(manA)为选择标记的植物表达载体pCAMBIA1301-manA-CBF已经构建完成。结论:将构建好的载体用液氮冻融法转化到农杆菌中,可以用于葡萄的遗传转化研究,为将来获得安全的转基因抗寒植株奠定基础。     

犬瘟热病毒H基因原核表达载体的构建

利用本实验以前构建的含有犬瘟热病毒H基因的pMD18-T质粒,根据pMD18-T-H序列设计带有XbalI和HindⅢ酶切位点的引物,对H基因进行PCR扩增,得到约1800bp左右的片段。该片段被克隆到pMD18-Tsimple载体上,用XbalI和HindⅢ进行单、双酶切鉴定．筛选阳性克隆。将阳性克隆再用XbalI和HindⅢ进行双酶切,纯化回收CDVH基因片段。将原核表达载体pPROEXTMHTa、pet-30b用同样的方法酶切,回收载体片段。将CDVH基因片段分别用T4连接酶连接到回收的pPROEXTMHTa、pet-30b载体上,构建原核表达载体质粒pPROEXTMHTa-H和pet-30b-H。再用XbalI和HindⅢ进行单、双酶切鉴定阳性载体。本实验为下一步H蛋白表达、纯化并作为CDV诊断用抗原及CD的免疫预防奠定了基础。     

通路克隆入门载体pEN-L4~*-PrbcS-~*T-gfp-L3~*的构建及其应用

为了利用通路克隆(Gateway)技术构建一个含有两个目的基因表达盒的植物表达载体,并把目的基因编码的蛋白质定位到转基因植物的叶绿体中,通过定点突变技术,在含有attL4和attL3重组位点的Gateway入门载体pEN-L4-2-L3中产生HindⅢ和XhoⅠ的酶切位点,然后在这两个酶切位点之间插入一个含有1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶小亚基的光诱导型启动子(PrbcS)及其叶绿体基质定位序列(*T)和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)报告基因(gfp)的DNA片段,获得pEN-L4*-PrbcS-*T-gfp-L3*入门载体.用该载体和另一个含有attL1和attL2重组位点的入门载体(pENTR*-PrbcS-*T-gus)与Gateway的目的载体pK7 m34GW2-8 m21GW3进行LR重组反应可以构建一个能串联gfp和gus两个报告基因表达盒的植物表达载体pKm-35S-PrbcS-*T-gfp-PROLD-PrbcS-*T-gus,所构建的植物表达载体转化烟草后,gfp和gus基因能插入到转基因烟草的基因组中并正常表达,所表达的GFP蛋白可正确定位到转基因植物的叶绿体中,而GUS蛋白也可以在叶片中表达.利用此表达载体通过一次转化事件不仅可以完成两个目的基因的转化操作,而且还可以利用叶绿体基质定位序列(*T)把PrbcS控制表达的目的蛋白直接定位到转基因植物的叶绿体中.因此pEN-L4*-PrbcS-*T-gfp-L3*入门载体的应用进一步扩大了Gateway技术及植物表达载体的应用范围,为叶绿体基因工程操作提供了一个更方便的技术平台.     

长春花萜类吲哚生物碱生物合成途径中重要酶(DXR、SLS、G10H、STR)基因的克隆与表达

以分离提取的2周龄长春花植物幼苗总RNA为模板,经两步Gateway-PCR反应扩增得到长春花萜类吲哚生物碱合成途径中编码重要酶：5—磷酸脱氧木酮糖还原酶（DXR）、次番木鳖苷合成酶 （SLS）、牻牛儿醇-10羟化酶（G10H）和异胡豆苷合成酶（STR）的cDNA 基因片段。利用BP重组酶将扩增片段克隆到Gateway化的入门载体pDONR201中,并进行测序验证。测序后的基因通过 LR重组酶的作用转移到带有HIS标签的目标载体pETG10A中,构成重组表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,经IPTG诱导得到了高效表达,通过Ni-TED树脂纯化方法得到了高纯度的蛋白。     

用于通路(Gateway)克隆技术的植物表达载体研究进展

通路(Gateway)克隆技术是根据λ噬菌体基因组和大肠杆菌基因组之间的位点专一性重组分子机制开发的一套分子克隆新技术.利用该技术LR反应构建目的基因的表达载体时不需要经过酶切和连接等繁琐而又费时的过程,因此,可以节省很多时间.为了扩大Gateway技术在植物基因工程领域的应用,最近有很多研究机构和研究小组开发了能用于组成型或诱导型表达目的基因、基因沉默、启动子分析、蛋白质亚细胞定位、蛋白质/蛋白质相互作用、多个DNA片段的模块化组装和DNA组片段功能验证等研究用的植物表达载体.该文对这些技术的研究进展进行了综述.     

人BMP4基因的克隆及其原核表达载体的构建

以成熟人胎盘组织为材料来源,克隆人BMP-4基因的全长cDNA,经过PCR扩增后与pMD18-T载体连接,构建pMD18-T-BMP4克隆质粒.酶切后回收小片段与表达载体pET-22b的多克隆酶切位点连接,构建原核表达载体pET22b-BMP4,酶切及测序鉴定重组子.重组质粒转化至感受态的Rosseta宿主菌,经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE检测蛋白表达情况.结果显示,从胎盘组织中成功地克隆到人BMP4基因,与NCBI中公布的序列100％相符合,原核表达载体pET22b-BMP4转化至Rosseta构建表达菌体,经IPTG诱导后电泳分析可见重组蛋白表达的条带.     

脂肪储存小滴蛋白5 重组腺病毒的制备

目的:利用AdEasy腺病毒表达系统构建含有小鼠脂肪储存小滴蛋白5(LSDP5)基因的重组腺病毒。方法:从小鼠肝脏cDNA克隆出LSDP5基因全长,克隆至pMD18-T载体中,酶切测序。回收酶切产物,连接到腺病毒穿梭载体pShuttle-CMV,构建pShuttle-CMV-LSDP5重组质粒,经PmeI酶切线性化后转化至含有腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1的BJ5183中。筛选阳性克隆,提取重组质粒,PacI酶切线性化并转染AD293细胞进行包装,提取病毒DNA,鉴定重组病毒并检测病毒滴度。结果:LSDP5基因克隆经测序证实与Genebank公布一致,双酶切重组pMD18-T载体得到1400 bp左右的片段。重组穿梭载体经Kpn I和Sal I双酶切后得到预期片段。PacI酶切得到30 Kb大片段和4.5 Kb小片段。转染AD293细胞后收集病毒,经PCR鉴定,获得理想的目的片段。取病毒上清反复感染AD293细胞以扩增病毒,最后所得病毒滴度为2.5×109pfu/ml。结论:成功构建了携带脂肪储存小滴蛋白5基因的重组腺病毒载体,为进一步研究LSDP5基因功能奠定基础。     

酿酒酵母HAL1基因的克隆及植物表达载体的构建

HAL1基因是酵母中重要的耐盐基因。以酿酒酵母AS2.375菌株的DNA为模板,根据已发表的序列设计引物,经PCR扩增得到约900 bp的HAL1基因片段,连接到pMD18-T载体上,转化大肠杆菌JM109,筛选重组质粒进行酶切分析和序列测定,结果显示已克隆到完整的可读框,该基因的序列与已知序列同源性达99%。将HAL1基因从T-载体上切下连接到pAM194载体上构建了HAL 1基因的植物表达载体,用于烟草的转化获得了耐盐性提高的转化植株。     

脂肪储存小滴蛋白5重组腺病毒的制备

目的：利用AdEasy腺病毒表达系统构建含有小鼠脂肪储存小滴蛋白5（LSDP5）基因的重组腺病毒。方法：从小鼠肝脏cDNA克隆出LSDP5基因全长,克隆至pMD18-T载体中,酶切测序。回收酶切产物,连接到腺病毒穿梭载体pShuttle-CMV,构建pShuttle-CMV-LSDP5重组质粒,经PmeI酶切线性化后转化至含有腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1的BJ5183中。筛选阳性克隆,提取重组质粒,PacI酶切线性化并转染AD293细胞进行包装,提取病毒DNA,鉴定重组病毒并检测病毒滴度。结果：LSDP5基因克隆经测序证实与Genebank公布一致,双酶切重组pMD18-T载体得到1400 bp左右的片段。重组穿梭载体经Kpn I和Sal I双酶切后得到预期片段。PacI酶切得到30 Kb大片段和4.5 Kb小片段。转染AD293细胞后收集病毒,经PCR鉴定,获得理想的目的片段。取病毒上清反复感染AD293细胞以扩增病毒,最后所得病毒滴度为2.5×109pfu/ml。结论：成功构建了携带脂肪储存小滴蛋白5基因的重组腺病毒载体,为进一步研究LSDP5基因功能奠定基础。     

An Alternative Approach in Gateway® Cloning when the Bacterial Antibiotic Selection Cassettes of the Entry Clone and Destination Vector are the Same

The Gateway^® recombination technology has revolutionized the method of gene cloning for functional analyses and high-throughput ORFeome projects. In general, Gateway cloning is highly efficient because after LR recombination and bacterial transformation, only cells containing the recombinant destination clone are selected on an antibiotic selection plate. However, when the antibiotic resistance gene for bacterial selection is the same in the entry and destination vectors, the direct selection of recombinant destination clones on an antibiotic plate is difficult. Here, we demonstrate an efficient and comprehensive approach to obtain positive destination clones directly on an antibiotic selection plate in this situation. The strategy involves polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated amplification of the entry clone using entry vector-specific primers that bind outside the attL sequences and the subsequent use of this purified PCR product for LR recombination with the destination vector. Our results suggest that cloning of linear DNA fragments into circular destination vectors through LR recombination is an efficient method for inserts up to 7 kb in size. Using this approach, the yield of colony PCR positive destination clones was 100 % for genes of various sizes tested in our experiments.     

A Gateway MultiSite recombination cloning toolkit

The generation of DNA constructs is often a rate-limiting step in conducting biological experiments. Recombination cloning of single DNA fragments using the Gateway system provided an advance over traditional restriction enzyme cloning due to increases in efficiency and reliability. Here we introduce a series of entry clones and a destination vector for use in two, three, and four fragment Gateway MultiSite recombination cloning whose advantages include increased flexibility and versatility. In contrast to Gateway single-fragment cloning approaches where variations are typically incorporated into model system-specific destination vectors, our Gateway MultiSite cloning strategy incorporates variations in easily generated entry clones that are model system-independent. In particular, we present entry clones containing insertions of GAL4, QF, UAS, QUAS, eGFP, and mCherry, among others, and demonstrate their in vivo functionality in Drosophila by using them to generate expression clones including GAL4 and QF drivers for various trp ion channel family members, UAS and QUAS excitatory and inhibitory light-gated ion channels, and QUAS red and green fluorescent synaptic vesicle markers. We thus establish a starter toolkit of modular Gateway MultiSite entry clones potentially adaptable to any model system. An inventory of entry clones and destination vectors for Gateway MultiSite cloning has also been established (www.gatewaymultisite.org).     

利用TA克隆的方法简便构建入门克隆

Gateway技术是一种通用型克隆方法,其基于λ噬菌体位点特异性重组,将目的DNA快速克隆到各种与Gateway技术兼容的目的载体上,不需要进行酶切和连接反应。但存在获得入门克隆过程中相关反应酶制剂价格昂贵,且药品订购时间较长等问题。通过对入门载体pDONR207的改造,使之产生3’端具有单个T 末端的线性化的入门载体,采用TA克隆的方法替代BP反应,从而简便、经济和快速地获得入门克隆。利用改造后的Gateway技术构建拟南芥SOS2基因的原核表达载体和真核表达载体,通过原核表达和原生质体瞬时表达证明通过此方法构建的表达载体在原核细胞和真核细胞中都得到了很好的表达。     

转录因子DREB1A基因的克隆与Gateway克隆技术构建植物表达载体

目的:研究转录因子DREB1A在植物抗渗透胁迫反应中的作用,并探讨利用Gateway克隆技术构建植物表达载体的方法。方法:根据GenBank中登录的DREB1A基因的全长mRNA序列设计引物,克隆了拟南芥的转录因子DREBIA基因。根据Gateway克隆技术的要求,设计含有attB接头的引物,利用高保真的PlatinumpfxDNA聚合酶,通过PCR方法在克隆基因的两端加上B序列。通过BP反应将包含有attB接头的PCR产物克隆到含有attP的donor载体上以产生Entry克隆,通过LR反应将已经重组入Entry载体的DREB1A基因再克隆到pH2GW7双元载体。结果:对重组载体pH2GW7-DREB1A的鉴定结果表明成功构建了DREB1A基因的植物表达载体。结论:利用Gateway克隆技术构建植物表达载体简便易行,该结果为遗传转化研究奠定了基础。     

Evidence for high specificity and efficiency of multiple recombination signals in mixed DNA cloning by the Multisite Gateway system

Six types of recombination signal DNA sequences of the Multisite Gateway cloning system were investigated as to their specificity and efficiency in the LR and BP recombination reactions. In the LR reaction to generate an Expression clone by recombination between attL and attR signals which are contained in the Entry clone and the Destination vector, respectively, the cross-reactivity of various attL and attR pairs on six types of respective signal sequences was examined. In the BP reaction to create an Entry clone by transferring the target DNA segment in the Expression clone or the attB-flanked PCR product into a Donor vector, various combinations of attB and attP pairs were tested for their reactivities in recombination. The results obtained indicate a markedly higher specificity and efficiency of cross-reactivity with only the matched att signal pairs, such as attL3-attR3, attB5-attP5, and so on, compared to unmatched signal pairs, such as attL3-attR5, attB5-attP3, and so on, thus verifying a high-throughput production of the positive clones in the Gateway system in which multiple recombination signals exist together in one reaction system. Examples of rapid construction of a three or four DNA-fusion structure in the plasmid are shown.     

Using a modified TA cloning method to create entry clones

We describe a noncommercial alternative method to create entry clones compatible with all kinds of destination vectors based on an improved TA cloning approach. To generate Gateway T vectors, we first constructed gentamicin- and chloramphenicol-resistant entry vectors designated pGWG and pGWC, respectively. Each entry vector contains an AhdI cassette flanked by attL sites, with each AhdI cassette containing two AhdI restriction enzyme sites spaced by the ccdB killer gene, which is lethal to most Escherichia coli strains. Gateway T vectors can be prepared by simple digestion of these entry vectors with the AhdI enzyme or its isoschizomers. The use of the ccdB gene as a negative selection marker is an important improvement over conventional TA cloning in that it eliminates the necessity of blue/white color screening based on alpha-complementation. Another important improvement that we have implemented is to retail the T vectors using Taq polymerase and dTTP so as to improve the cloning efficiency. Together, these improvements allow TA cloning to realize its full potential. Using Gateway T vectors prepared by this improved method, entry clones for PCR products or restriction enzyme fragments can be created simply, efficiently, and inexpensively while at the same time introducing greater compatibility.     

A Modified MultiSite Gateway Cloning Strategy for Consolidation of Genes in Plants

The genome information is offering opportunities to manipulate genes, polygenic characters and multiple traits in plants. Although a number of approaches have been developed to manipulate traits in plants, technical hurdles make the process difficult. Gene cloning vectors that facilitate the fusion, overexpression or down regulation of genes in plant cells are being used with various degree of success. In this study, we modified gateway MultiSite cloning vectors and developed a hybrid cloning strategy which combines advantages of both traditional cloning and gateway recombination cloning. We developed Gateway entry (pGATE) vectors containing attL sites flanking multiple cloning sites and plant expression vector (pKM12GW) with specific recombination sites carrying different plant and bacterial selection markers. We constructed a plant expression vector carrying a reporter gene (GUS), two Bt cry genes in a predetermined pattern by a single round of LR recombination reaction after restriction endonuclease-mediated cloning of target genes into pGATE vectors. All the three transgenes were co-expressed in Arabidopsis as evidenced by gene expression, histochemical assay and insect bioassay. The pGATE vectors can be used as simple cloning vectors as there are rare restriction endonuclease sites inserted in the vector. The modified multisite vector system developed is ideal for stacking genes and pathway engineering in plants.     

使用与Gateway技术兼容的T载体获得入门克隆

与Gateway技术兼容的农杆菌双元载体系统已开始应用于植物功能基因组的研究,但应用这些载体系统的一个瓶颈问题,是如何简单、经济和高效地将PCR产物或其他来源的目的DNA片段构建到入门载体上获得入门克隆.为此,将传统的TA克隆技术与Gateway重组克隆技术进行整合,构建了与Gateway技术兼容的两种TA克隆载体,用于在克隆PCR产物或其他来源的目的DNA片段的同时获得入门克隆.利用兼容Gateway技术的TA克隆载体有效地解决了上述瓶颈问题.     

Multi-gene gateway clone design for expression of multiple heterologous genes in living cells: modular construction of multiple cDNA expression elements using recombinant cloning

Much attention has been focused on manipulating multiple genes in living cells for analyzing protein function. In order to perform high-throughput generation of multi-gene expression clones, gateway cloning technology (which represents a high-throughput DNA transfer from vector to vector) can be anticipated. In the conventional strategy for gateway cloning, the construction of two or more expression elements into tandem elements on a single plasmid requires the recombination of multiple entry clones with a destination vector in a single reaction mixture. Use of increasing numbers of entry clones in a single reaction is inefficient due to the difficulty in successfully recognizing multiple pairs of matched att signals simultaneously. To address this problem, a "Modular Destination" vector has been devised and constructed, whereby cDNA inserts are sequentially introduced, resulting in a tandem structure with multiple inserts. Whereas the standard destination vector contains only Cm(R) and ccdB genes flanked by two attR signals, this destination vector contains, in addition, one or two cDNA expression elements. Here, we show the rapid construction of expression vectors containing three or four tandemly arrayed cDNA expression elements and their expression in mammalian cells.