基于GIS的中国北方干红酒用葡萄品种生态区划

中国葡萄酒产业发展受市场影响大,产业本身发展不完善。产区规划和区划是推动葡萄酒产业生态化发展的主要途径之一。本文以在葡萄酒中占主导地位的干红酒用葡萄品种为研究对象,综合运用模糊数学、集优法和逐步分区法,借助GIS小网格推算技术、空间分析和图层运算等功能,完成中国北方干红酒用葡萄品种生态区划。结果表明,干红酒用葡萄生态最适宜区主要分布在:东北地区的大兴安岭南段余脉区域,辽西走廊大部等;环渤海湾地区的山东半岛大部,河北秦皇岛地区和辽东半岛大部等;晋冀交界地区的张家口和大同部分市县等;西北地区贺兰山东西两麓地区和沿黄河区域;新疆伊犁河谷和天山东段北麓部分地区。     

马鹿和梅花鹿的鹿茸、鹿角组织结构初步比较观察

马鹿和梅花鹿(Cervus elaphus Linnaeus和Cervus nippon Temminck)主要分布于我国东北地区,为我国二类和一类保护动物。它们不仅是肉食和观赏动物;而且,其茸和角又是我国名贵中药材之一。鹿茸为鹿科动物马鹿和梅花鹿雄性未骨化幼角。鹿角是鹿茸发育晚期的骨化蜕角或砍角。为了解鹿茸、鹿角发育规律,区别其它动物角组织,提高鹿茸、鹿角药用     

中国有机农业及有机产业发展现状前景与对策

对中国有机农业和有机产业发展基本情况及在全球有机农业和有机产业发展中所处地位进行分析,认为中国有机农业和有机产业由于经济发展取得成就、有机发展政策氛围、有机消费群体和有机市场发展潜力等具有较广阔的发展前景,但由于发展基础薄弱、政府推动作用不明显、有机农业基础研究相对滞后、有机生产推广体系缺失、有机标准制定国际话语权不高和有机市场机制不健全等,中国有机农业和有机产业发展面临严峻挑战。为确保中国有机农业和有机产业持续健康发展,要正视中国有机发展所处阶段、统筹中国有机发展、重视有机市场建设、加强有机基础研究工作和建立完善的监督约束机制。     

线虫在药物开发中的研究进展及在鉴别鹿茸活性成分上的应用

秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans, C. elegans)是生命科学研究中的重要模式生物之一,由于其身体结构简单和寿命周期短暂等优势被用来研究整个生命过程不同阶段的分子调节机制,在药物开发领域也发挥了重要作用。因此本综述对秀丽隐杆线虫在药物开发方面的应用及研究进展进行了简要综述。鹿茸作为中国的传统名贵中药,在上千年里大多以粗提物的形式加以应用,鹿茸的具体活性成分及其相关药理作用一直有待于系统研究,由于线虫作为优秀的模式生物操作简单易于观察,可以较方便的对各成分进行效果鉴定,因此本综述对线虫在鉴别鹿茸活性成分中的潜在应用价值进行了探讨。     

中国产业共生发展模式的国际比较及对策

产业共生和生态工业园区已经成为世界范围内产业生态化转型的重要手段之一。在厘清产业共生发展模式内涵的基础上,借鉴商业模式的划分准则辨识了世界范围内6种产业共生模式:丹麦卡伦堡模式、美国模式、英国模式、日本模式、韩国模式和中国模式。从关键参与者、核心能力以及资金流3个维度对这些模式进行了辨识,重点比较了我国产业共生与其他模式的差别。研究表明,我国产业共生实践数量众多,在关键参与主体、核心能力培育和资金流等方面存在丰富的多样化,虽然形成了一定的中国特色,但并没有形成固定的"中国模式"。可以说,我国的产业共生实践还停留在初级阶段,下一步可持续的发展必须要建立合理的管制架构、形成稳定的资金支持机制和培育核心竞争能力。初级提出了我国产业共生和生态工业园区建设的政策建议。     

吉林人参产业的发展与韩国人参产业发展的对比

人参((Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)是举世闻名的中药,在我国古代用药中被列为上品,与鹿茸、阿胶称为中药的三宝,我国是世界上人参生产大国与消费大国,韩国产的高丽参在国际市场上以质量好负有盛名。我国虽然人参产量很大,但都是低端的产业和粗加工,人参产业产值不足韩国的1/4。     

台山鳗鱼产业发展现状、问题及建议

2011年,“台山鳗鱼”被国家质检总局评为全国出口食品农产品质量安全典型示范区和国家地理标志产品,是国内拥有国际定价权的一种农产品。本文介绍了国内外鳗鱼产业的发展情况,分析了台山鳗鱼产业的发展现状。台山鳗鱼产业发展壮大的同时,也存在优质鳗苗资源紧缺、鳗鱼养殖风险加大、国内市场开拓进展缓慢和传统养殖模式受到挑战等问题。最后,提出了建立完善质量安全体系、借助产品质量优势和地理标志产品效应、大力开拓国内外市场、创建国际名牌以及加强产学研合作等对策与建议。     

浅论资本市场与生物、医药产业发展的相互作用

文章通过用中国传统的五行来比喻对产业有重大影响的“政产学研资”五元素（以下简称为“五元素分析”）,重点探讨了生物与医药产业发展（以下合称为“两大产业”）与资本市场结合的内外部条件及其相互影响。另外,针对瑞士罗氏公司（Roche）收购美国基因泰克公司（Genentech）的实际案例,分析了上述两大产业通过资本运作合作的模式,并预测了未来趋势。     

世界甜瓜生产贸易分析及对中国的启示

近年来,世界甜瓜产业进入高速发展阶段,甜瓜播种面积不断扩大,产量不断提升,供应能力持续增加。甜瓜世界贸易格局与生产格局差异较大,尤其是中国虽为世界第一大甜瓜生产国,其进出口贸易都处于较低水平。受中国甜瓜物流体系尚未完善的影响,中国甜瓜对外贸易发展较为落后、贸易对象单一、贸易程度有衰退趋势。未来,中国需要大力建设甜瓜现代化物流体系、加强品种升级和引进、加快甜瓜产业对外贸易市场的发展。     

光照因子对鹿茸生长发育的影响作用

控制光照周期中的光照强度(I)和光照／黑暗比率(L／D)对鹿茸的生长发育影响的作用明显,其中,在I=300lx和L/D=1.00-3.00时,鹿茸的生长发育最好。此外,鹿体内的性腺激素对鹿茸的生长发育有明显的作用。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.