云衫针层孔菌化学成分的研究

从云衫针层孔菌Ｐｈｅｌｌｉｎｕｓ ｙａｍａｎｏｉ（Ｔａｍｚ．）ｓｈａｗ分离得到１２个化合物,借助光谱分析鉴定为：８,１１,１３－ａｂｉｅｔａｄｉｅｎ－１８－ｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（１）,１,２－ｂｅｎｚｅｎｅｄｉ－ｃａｒｂｏｘｙｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄｂｉｓ（２－ｅｔｈｙｌ－ｈｅｘｙｌ）ｅｓｔｅｒ（２）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ（３）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ ７,２２（Ｅ）－ｉｄｅｎ－３－ｏｌ（４）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ ７,２２（Ｚ）－ｄｉｅｎ－３－ｏｌ（５）,ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ－１,３－ｐｒｏｐａｎｅｄｉｙｌ ｅｓｔｅｒ（６）,ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（７）,８（１９）,１４－ｌａｂｄａｄｉｅｎ－１３－ｏｌ（８）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－４,６,８（１４）,２２－ｔｅｔｒａｅｎ－３－ｏｎｅ（９）,化合     

栗色圆孔牛肝菌中的三种甾醇成分

从栗色圆孔牛肝菌（Ｇｙｒｏｐｏｕｓ　ｃａｓｔａｎｅｕｓ）中分离得到三种甾醇类化合物：（Ⅰ）β－ｅｒ－ｇｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ;（Ⅱ）５α,８α－ｅｐｉｄｉｏｘｙｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－６,２２－ｄｉｅｎ－３β－ｏｌ; （Ⅲ）ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－６,２２－ｄｉｅｎ－３β,５β,８β－ｔｒｉｏｌ。以上三种甾醇均是首次从栗色圆孔牛肝菌中获得,其中化合物（Ⅲ）的构型未见有其它文献报道。     

宝兴卫矛甾体成分研究

从宝兴卫矛（Ｅｕｏｎｙｍｕｓ ｍｕｐｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌｏｅｓ ｅｔ Ｒｅｈｄ）中分离得到６个化合物,分别鉴定为：豆甾－４－烯－３,６－二酮（１）,ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａｎｅ－３β,６α－ｄｉｏｌ（２）,ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａｎｅ－３β,５,６α－ｔｒｉｏｌ（３）,３β－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－５α,８α－ｅｐｉｄｉｏｃｙｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－６Ｅ,２２Ｅ－ｄｉｅｎｅ（４）,β－谷甾醇（５）,胡萝卜甙（６）,化合物１￣４     

德钦红景天的化学成分

从云南产德钦红景天Ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａ ａｔｕｎｔｓｕｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｐｒａｅｇ．） Ｆｕ 的根及根茎中首次分离得到８ 个化合物。根据各项光谱数据及化学反应鉴定其中一个新黄酮甙的结构为３ , ５ , ７ , ８ － 四羟基－黄酮４′－ 氧－ α－ Ｌ－ 鼠李糖吡喃甙, 命名为德钦红景天甙（ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａｔｕｎｔｏｓｉｄｅ, ２） , 另外７ 个已知化合物分别是草质素－ ８ － 甲醚（ｈｅｒｂａｃｅｔｉｎ － ８ － ｍｅｔｈｙｌｅｔｈｅｒ,１） , 槲皮素（ｑｕｅｒｃｅｔｉｎ ,３） , 芦丁（ｒｕｔｉｎ,４） , 酪醇（ｔｙｒｏｓｏｌ,５） , 红景天甙（ｓａｌｉｄｒｏｓｉｄｅ,６） , 没食子酸（ｇａｌｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,７） 和β－谷甾醇（ － ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,８） 。     

油蒿挥发油的化感作用研究

对毛乌素沙地油蒿挥发油的化感作用（Ａｌｅｌｏｐａｔｈｙ）及其化学成分进行了研究。结果表明：油蒿挥发油对苋、诸葛菜、萝卜种子萌发和幼苗生长具有不同程度的抑制作用;对小麦种子萌发几乎无影响,但对其幼芽和幼根的生长具一定影响。抑制作用最强的是对苋种子,挥发油组最终萌发率１８％,比对照组减少７１％,对其幼芽和幼根的生长影响也很明显。用ＧＣ、ＧＣ－ＭＳ－ＤＳ联用方法,共鉴定４３个化合物,其中相对百分含量在１．５％以上的化合物有如下１４种：１）α－蒎烯（α－ｐｉｎｅｎｅ）,２）桧烯（Ｓａｂｉｎｅｎｅ）,３）β－蒎烯（β－ｐｉｎｅｎｅ）,４）月桂烯（Ｍｙｒｃｅｎｅ）,５）对伞花烃（ρ－ｃｙｍｅｎｅ）,６）柠檬烯（Ｌｉｍｏｎｅｎｅ）,７）β－水芹烯（β－ｐｈｅｌａｎ－ｄｒｅｎｅ）,８）β－顺式罗勒烯（β－ｃｉｓ－ｏｃｉｍｅｎｅ）,９）β－反式罗勒烯（β－ｔｒａｎｓ－ｏｃｉｍｅｎｅ）,１０）松油烯－４－醇（Ｔｅｒｐｉｎｅｎ－４－ｏｌ）,１１）α－姜黄烯（α－ｃｕｒｃｕｍｅｎｅ）,１２）茵陈炔（Ｃａｐｉｌｅｎｅ）,１３）橙花叔醇（Ｎｅｒｏｌｉｄｏｌ）,１４）匙叶桉油烯醇（Ｓｐａｔｈｕｌｅｎｏｌ）。     

云南永善产蜘蛛抱蛋的甾体成分

从云南省永善县产的百合科植物蜘蛛抱蛋（Ａｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒａ ｅｌａｔｉｏｒ）根状茎中分离得到８个甾体化合物。其中６个为已知的甾体化合物,分别鉴定为（２５Ｓ）－３β－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－ｓｐｉｒｏｓｔ－５－ｅｎｅ ３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ（１→）「β－Ｄ－ｘｙｌｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ（１→３）」－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ（１→４）－β－Ｄ－ｇａｌａｃｔｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ     

宫粉郁金的组织培养和快速繁殖

１植物名称宫粉郁金（Ｃｕｒｃｕｍａ　ｋｗａｎｇｓｉｅｎｓｉｓ）。２材料类别　块茎萌动芽。３培养条件　萌动芽生长培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．２。不定芽增殖与愈伤组织诱导培养基：（２）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１０＋ＫＴ５;（３）ＭＳ＋６．ＢＡ１０;（４）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ５＋ＫＴ２．５;（５）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ５;（６）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２＋ＫＴ１。生根培养基：（７）ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５;（８）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５＋ＮＡＡ０．５;（９）ＭＳ。以上培养基均加０．７％琼脂,３％蔗糖,ｐＨ５…     

孟加拉国巴拉普库利亚煤矿早二叠世孢粉组合的初步研究

研究的孢粉组合获自孟加拉国巴拉曾库利亚煤矿ＣＳＥ－９号钻孔。该组合含孢子６属８种、花粉３４属６５种（含２新种）,主要由Ｆａｕｎｉｐｏｌｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ（８％－２６．５％）,Ｓｔｒｉａｔｏｐｏｄｏｃａｒｐｉｔｅｓ（３％－７．５％）与Ｓｃｈｅｕｒｉｎｇｉｐｏｌｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ（７．２％－９．６％）等两气囊花粉组成。该孢粉组合的特征可与印度下冈瓦纳巴拉卡尔组孢粉植物群比,并与其上部组合最为接近,时代为早二叠     

王瓜的组织培养和快速繁殖

１植物名称王瓜（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｓａｎｔｈｅｓｃｕｃ－ｕｍｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ），采自浙江天目山。２材料类别顶芽、带腋芽的茎段。３培养条件诱导分化培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）；（２）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１；（３）ＭＳ＋６．ＢＡ２＋２，４－Ｄ１。诱导生根与生长培养基：（４）ＭＳ；（５）ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ２；（６）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１＋２，４－Ｄ１。每种培养基均附加３％蔗糖，０，７％琼脂，ｐＨ５．８。培养温度（２５±１）℃，光照每天１２ｈ，光照度２０００１ｘ左右。４生长与分化情况４．１无菌材料的…     

仙茅根茎中的配糖体

从仙茅（ Ｃｕｒｃｕｌｉｇｏ ｏｒｃｈｉｏｉｄｅｓＧａｅｒｔｎ） 根茎中分离到７ 个化合物, 经光谱分析推定其化学结构分别为： ２, ６ － 二甲氧基苯甲酸（Ａ） ; 苔黑酚葡萄糖甙（Ｂ） ; 仙茅素Ａ （Ｃ） ; 仙茅甙（Ｄ） ; ２４ｓ, ３β, １１α, １６β, ２４ － 四羟基环阿尔廷醇－ ３ － Ｏ－ α－ Ｌ－ 鼠李吡喃糖基（１ →２） － β－Ｄ－ 葡萄吡喃糖甙（Ｅ） ; ２４ｓ, ３β, １１α, １６β, ２４ － 四羟基环阿尔廷醇－ ３－ Ｏ－ β－ Ｄ－ 葡萄吡喃糖基（１ →２） － β－ Ｄ－ 葡萄吡喃糖甙（Ｆ） 和胡萝卜甙（Ｇ） 。Ｆ为一新甙。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.