EGFR信号通路在SiO_2诱导肺上皮细胞间质转化中的作用机制(英文)

目的:在二氧化硅(SiO2)刺激下可引起肺部一系列的炎症反应及其伴随相关的成纤维细胞增殖,然而EGFR信号通路可维持细胞增殖、分化和凋亡的平衡,因此,我们可以设想EGFR信号通路是否在肺纤维化的发生发展中起到重要的作用。本实验探讨SiO2是否能诱导人肺上皮细胞(A549)发生上皮间质转化,并且研究EGFR信号通路在矽肺纤维化中的作用机制。方法:以A549为研究对象,用0(对照组)、50、100、200μg/ml SiO2孵育A549,作用48h后于倒置显微镜观察细胞形态学改变,并收集不同时段细胞,采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)mRNA表达变化,细胞免疫荧光方法检测E-cadherin、α-SMA及信号转导蛋白EGFR表达的变化。结果:倒置显微镜观察A549经SiO2处理后细胞形态由鹅卵石状转变为纺锤型或梭型,形态似成纤维细胞,随着SiO2浓度的升高,E-cad mRNA和蛋白表达逐渐下调,在200μg/ml组表达最低,α-SMA mRNA和蛋白表达逐渐上调,200μg/ml组α-SMA表达最高;EGFR蛋白表达上调;50、100、200μg/ml与对照组的差异具有统计学学意义(P0.05)。结论:SiO2可诱导肺上皮细胞向间质细胞转化,其机制可能与EGFR信号通路有关。关键词:表皮生长因子受体;矽尘;A549细胞;上皮间质转化     

bFGF 诱导肺腺癌细胞系A549 上皮间质转化

目的:探讨上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)过程在肺癌侵袭转移中的作用。方法:体外培养A549细胞,以bFGF(10ng/ml)进行干预后,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态学变化;间接免疫荧光观察上皮细胞标志物E-cadherin和间质细胞标志物vimentin蛋白表达的变化;采用细胞划痕试验检测bFGF对A549细胞迁移能力的影响;采用transwell小室试验检测bFGF对A549细胞侵袭能力的影响。结果:bFGF(10ng/ml)干预后,在倒置相差显微镜下观察,A549细胞形态变成了梭形,形态如同成纤维细胞。间接免疫荧光显示A549细胞E-cadherin表达随时间延长逐渐减弱,而vimentin表达逐渐增强。细胞划痕试验显示,bFGF干预后细胞迁移能力提高。Transwell小室试验显示,bFGF干预后细胞侵袭能力提高。结论:bFGF在体外诱导肺腺癌细胞系A549细胞发生上皮间质转化,上皮间质转化是肺癌侵袭转移的重要机制之一。     

上皮间质转化在肝纤维化中的作用及相关信号通路研究进展

上皮间质转化是指有极性的上皮细胞失去其上皮特征并逐渐转化为具有迁徙和侵袭能力的间充质细胞的过程,其中2型上皮间质转化与肝纤维化密切相关,故近年来上皮间质转化成为肝纤维化及其靶向药物研究的热点。综述上皮间质转化在肝纤维化中的作用及相关信号通路的研究进展,以期为肝纤维化及其靶向药物的研究提供参考。     

上皮—间质转化在肾间质纤维化中的作用

上皮－间质转化在发育和纤维化过程中具有重要作用。本文综述了上皮－间质转化发生的过程及其机制的研究进展,尤其是细胞外基质、生长因子、粘附分子及基因对上皮－间质转化的影响。并就在肾间质纤维化过程中因上皮－间质转化致成纤维细胞增多,从而导致肾纤维化的可能作用及其影响因素作一述。     

间质-上皮转化在肿瘤转移中的作用

肿瘤转移是一个多步骤、多因素参与的复杂过程,是目前临床上绝大多数肿瘤患者的致死因素.上皮-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT)过程已被证实可促使肿瘤细胞发生转移.近年来许多研究表明,间质-上皮转化(mesenchymal-epithelial transition, MET)即EMT的逆过程,与肿瘤也密切相关,特别是肿瘤转移即形成继发性的肿瘤转移灶.深入研究肿瘤MET有望为肿瘤转移的预防和诊治提供新思路.     

Napsin A基因对A549细胞在上皮-间质转化中增殖的影响及其机制

采用慢病毒载体质粒PLJM1将NapsinA基因转染到人肺腺癌细胞——A549细胞中,获得稳定表达Napsin A蛋白的特性并鉴定,通过转化生长因子-β1刺激A549细胞发生上皮-间质转化,体外构建上皮-间质转化模型并鉴定。MTT法检测转基因前后A549细胞在上皮-间质转化过程中生长速率的变化;流式细胞术检测其细胞周期的改变,最后予Western blot检测黏着斑激酶的表达情况,探讨Napsin A基因对A549细胞在上皮-间质转化过程中增殖的影响及其机制。结果表明转染后的A549细胞表达Napsin A蛋白明显增加(P<0.01);A549细胞发生上皮-间质转化后细胞E钙蛋白表达下调(P<0.01),Ⅰ型胶原表达上调(P<0.01);转基因细胞在体外上皮-间质转化模型中增殖速度减慢(P<0.05),且细胞周期被阻滞在G_1期(P<0.01),其表达整合素信号传导通路的基础分子——黏着斑激酶的量显著下降(P<0.01)。提示Napsin A基因可以抑制A549细胞在上皮-间质转化过程中的进一步增殖,其机制可能与抑制整合素信号传导通路有关。     

靶向沉默HIF-1α信号通路抑制百草枯中毒诱导的肺泡上皮细胞上皮间质转化

目的:探讨HIF-1α信号通路在百草枯(paraquat,PQ)诱导大鼠Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞上皮间质转化(Epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)中的作用机制。方法:使用20μmol/L浓度的百草枯溶剂对大鼠Ⅱ型肺泡上皮RLE-6TN细胞干预24 h,随后在倒置光学显微镜观察各组细胞形态学变化;用real-time PCR与Western blot法检测RLE-6TN细胞中HIF-1α、上皮表型标记蛋白E-cadherin及间质表型标记蛋白Vimentin的表达,Transwell侵袭实验检测各处理组细胞侵袭能力的改变;使用HIF-1α靶向si RNA抑制其表达后,进一步采用RT-PCR和Western blot检测HIF-1α、E-cadherin和Vimentin的表达水平,Transwell法检测细胞侵袭能力变化。结果:体外百草枯溶液可显著诱导大鼠Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞RLE-6TN细胞HIF-1α表达升高和上皮间质转化的发生,同时细胞的体外侵袭能力也增强。靶向沉默HIF-1α基因后,百草枯诱导的上皮间质转化过程被逆转,同时细胞侵袭能力显著减弱。结论:百草枯通过调控HIF-1α信号通路来诱导RLE-6TN细胞上皮间质转化的发生,进而促进肺纤维化的形成。     

TRPM3通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路诱导上皮性卵巢癌细胞上皮间质转化的作用研究

目的:探讨瞬时受体电位离子通道3(Transient receptor potential melastatin 3,TRPM3)对卵巢癌侵袭转移和上皮细胞间质转化(Epithelial mesenchymal transition,EMT)的影响及其分子作用机制。方法:采用小干扰RNA沉默上皮性卵巢癌细胞株中HEY及SKOV3中TRPM3的表达,通过Transwell实验和划痕实验检测上皮性卵巢癌细胞的侵袭和迁移能力的变化,Western Blot检测EMT相关蛋白、Wnt/β-catenin通路相关蛋白的表达情况。结果:与对照组细胞相比,干扰组的上皮性卵巢癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力均明显减弱,EMT相关蛋白的上皮细胞标志分子E-cadherin的表达上调,间质细胞标志分子N-cadherin和EMT相关转录调控因子Snail的表达下调,Wnt/β-catenin通路相关蛋白CyclinD1、β-catenin的表达下调。结论:TRPM3可能通过激活Wnt/β-catenin通路促进卵巢癌细胞的上皮间质转化过程,进而增强其侵袭转移的能力。     

肺腺癌细胞中EGFR蛋白的表达与细胞内胶原化的相关性研究

目的探讨表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR）在肺腺癌细胞中的表达及与细胞发生胶原化的相关性。方法从胸水中提取肺腺癌细胞为研究对象,以32例良性胸水中的增生上皮细胞、炎性细胞为对照,采用免疫细胞化学方法检测细胞中EGFR、E钙粘素蛋白、Vimentin、TTF-1和胶原蛋白亚型I的表达。Masson染色方法检测胶原纤维表达。结果78例胸水标本中,EGFR在肺腺癌细胞中的阳性率为79．5％,胶原蛋白亚型I为32．1％,Masson染色的阳性率为70．5％,明显高于对照组且EGFR和Masson染色的阳性表达结果的相关性具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论EG—FR在肺腺癌细胞中阳性表达,可能与细胞内基质胶原蛋白形成有关。     

Long-lasting inhibition of EGFR autophosphorylation in A549 tumor cells by intracellular accumulation of non-covalent inhibitors

In the present study, a small set of reversible or irreversible 4-anilinoquinazoline EGFR inhibitors was tested in A549 cells at early (1 h) and late (8 h) time points after inhibitor removal from culture medium. A combination of assays was employed to explain the observed long-lasting inhibition of EGFR autophosphorylation. We found that EGFR inhibition at 8 h can be due, besides to the covalent interaction of the inhibitor with Cys797, as for PD168393 (2) and its prodrug 4, to the intracellular accumulation of non-covalent inhibitors by means of an active cell uptake, as for 5 and 6. Compounds 5–6 showed similar potency and duration of inhibition of EGFR autophosphorylation as the covalent inhibitor 2, while being devoid of reactive groups forming covalent bonds with protein thiols.     

Furano-1,2-naphthoquinone inhibits EGFR signaling associated with G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 cells

Furano-1,2-naphthoquinone (FNQ), prepared from 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and chloroacetaldehyde in an efficient one-pot reaction, exhibits an anti-carcinogenic effect. FNQ exerted anti-proliferative activity with the G(2)/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 cells. FNQ-induced G(2)/M arrest was correlated with a marked decrease in the expression levels of cyclin A and cyclin B, and their activating partner cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) 1 and 2 with concomitant induction of p53, p21, and p27. FNQ-induced apoptosis was accompanied with Bax up-regulation and the down-regulation of Bcl-2, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and survivin, resulting in cytochrome c release and sequential activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Western blot analysis revealed that FNQ suppressed EGFR phosphorylation and JAK2, STAT3, and STAT5 activation, but increased in activation of p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) stress signal. The combined treatment of FNQ with AG1478 (a specific EGFR inhibitor) significantly enhanced the G(2)/M arrest and apoptosis, and also led to up-regulation in Bax, p53, p21, p27, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and down-regulation of Bcl-2, XIAP, survivin, cyclin A, cyclin B, Cdk1, and Cdk2 in A549 cells. These findings suggest that FNQ-mediated cytotoxicity of A549 cell related with the G(2)/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via inactivation of EGFR-mediated signaling pathway.     

Halothane affects focal adhesion proteins in the A 549 cells

Halothane is a volatile anaesthetic, which is known to induce alterations in cellular plasma membranes, modulating the physical state of the membrane lipids and/or interacting directly with membrane-bound proteins, such as integrin receptors. Integrin-mediated cell adhesion is a general property of eukaryotic cells, which is closely related to cell viability. Our previous investigations showed that halothane is toxic for A 549 lung carcinoma cells when applied at physiologically relevant concentrations and causes inhibition of adhesion to collagen IV. The present study is focused on the mechanisms underlying halothane toxicity. Our results imply that physiologically relevant concentrations of halothane disrupt focal adhesion contacts in A 549 cells, which is accompanied with suppression of focal adhesion kinase activity and paxillin phosphorylation, and not with proteolytic changes or inhibition of vinculin and paxillin expression. We suggest that at least one of the toxic effects of halothane is due to a decreased phosphorylation of the focal contact proteins.     

无线粒体DNA的人肺腺癌A549细胞系的构建

目的:建立无线粒体DNA(mtDNA)的人肺腺癌ρ~0A549细胞系。方法:在含50 ng/mL溴化乙锭(EB)、100μg/mL丙酮酸钠和50μg/mL尿嘧啶核苷的RPMI1640细胞培养基中传代培养A549细胞;用低剂量EB连续诱导培养35 d后,采用光镜观察、TaqMan探针法实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)和Western印迹鉴定无mtDNA的ρ~0A549细胞系;采用MTT法测定ρ~0A549细胞增殖曲线。结果:倒置显微镜下野生型ρ^+A549细胞为多角形,ρ~0A549细胞形态呈拉长枝状;qPCR结果显示,低剂量EB诱导35 d的ρ~0A549细胞中无mtDNA的存在。Western印迹结果显示,ρ^+A549细胞中能表达核基因编码的线粒体蛋白SDHA和ATP5A,也能表达线粒体基因组编码的蛋白MT-COXI和MT-ATP6;ρ~0A549细胞中无MT-COXI和MT-ATP6蛋白表达,但核基因编码的SDHA和ATP5A蛋白能够正常表达。MTT结果显示,与ρ^+A549细胞相比,ρ~0A549细胞生长速度明显减慢,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:构建和鉴定了无mtDNA的人肺腺癌ρ~0A549细胞系,为后续探讨mtDNA缺失或突变与人肺腺癌发生之间的关系奠定了实验基础。     

稳定表达p120ctn的人肺腺癌A549细胞株的构建

目的:构建稳定表达p120ctn的A549细胞株,以研究p120ctn蛋白在肺癌发生和转移过程中的作用。方法:通过分子克隆,将pc DNA3.1多克隆位点插入Flag标签的编码序列,得到pc DNA.Flag表达载体。然后PCR扩增p120ctn的编码序列,插入Flag标签下游,构建pc DNA.Flag-p120ctn质粒,筛选阳性克隆并进行酶切及测序鉴定。利用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000将pc DNA.Flag-p120ctn质粒转染到肺癌细胞A549中,通过G418筛选得到稳定转染细胞株,免疫印迹法检测p120ctn的表达。结果:本文构建了融合有Flag标签的p120ctn真核表达载体并转染到A549中,免疫印迹结果表明p120ctn蛋白在A549细胞中高效的表达。结论:本文成功构建了稳定高表达p120ctn的A549细胞模型,为深入研究p120ctn在肺癌的发生和转移过程中的作用奠定了基础。     

Resveratrol alters microRNA expression profiles in A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells

Resveratrol is a plant phenolic phytoalexin that has been reported to have antitumor properties in several types of cancers. In particular, several studies have suggested that resveratrol exerts antiproliferative effects against A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells; however, its mechanism of action remains incompletely understood. Deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, noncoding, regulatory RNA molecules involved in gene expression, is strongly correlated with lung cancer. In this study, we demonstrated that resveratrol treatment altered miRNA expression in A549 cells. Using microarray analysis, we identified 71 miRNAs exhibiting greater than 2-fold expression changes in resveratrol-treated cells relative to their expression levels in untreated cells. Furthermore, we identified target genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, and differentiation using a miRNA target-prediction program. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that resveratrol induces considerable changes in the miRNA expression profiles of A549 cells, suggesting a novel approach for studying the anticancer mechanisms of resveratrol.