降纤酶治疗偏头痛临床观察

目的：探讨降纤酶治疗偏头痛的疗效。方法：应用经颅多普勒血流诊断系统(TCD),随机选择60例脑血流速度加快偏头痛患者,分治疗组30例,应用降纤酶5u加入生理盐水250m1中静滴,每天1次,7—10天为1个疗程;对照组30例,应用尼莫地平6mg加入生理盐水250m1中静滴,每日1次,7—10天为1疗程。结果：治疗组总有效率86．7％,对照组总有效率36．7％。治疗组治疗前后TCD血流速度有明显改善,3个月内复发率明显降低。结论：降纤酶治疗偏头痛疗效确切,近期复发率低。     

天麻钩藤饮合四虫汤治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛52例

目的 观察天麻钩藤饮合四虫汤对肝阳上亢型偏头痛的治疗效果.方法 选择102例患者,随机分为两组,治疗组52例用天麻钩藤饮合四虫汤治疗,对照组50例用西比灵和尼莫地平治疗.两组患者治疗前后均经TC2020超声经颅多普勒诊断仪酒定颅内主要动脉血流速度.结果 治疗组治愈17例,有效31例,无效4例,总有效率92.3%;对照组治愈12例,有效23例,无效15例,总有效率70.0%.两组疗效经Ridit检验,u=2.0015,P＜0.05,有显著性差异.治疗组治疗前后颅内动脉平均血流速度比较,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01),两组治疗后比较各项指标也均有显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论 天麻钩藤饮合四虫汤是治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛的有效方剂.     

婴儿腹痛与家族性偏头痛的相关性研究

目的:研究家族性偏头痛对婴儿腹痛的影响及其相关性。方法:112例婴儿腹痛患儿为腹痛组,97例同期就诊非婴儿腹痛及头痛患儿为对照组,对所有患儿的一、二级及三级亲属进行问卷调查,然后对有偏头痛的亲属用统一的标准进行诊断,最后对两组患儿及其亲属的发病率进行对比分析。结果:20例(17.86%)婴儿腹痛患儿有家族性偏头痛,对照组6例(6.19%)患儿有家族性偏头痛,家族性患偏头痛的患儿比例在两组之间有显著差异(P<0.05);婴儿腹痛患儿的亲属诊断为偏头痛有85例,占本组调查总人数的16.93%,对照组患儿偏头痛亲属共有17例,占调查总人数的2.37%,两组患儿亲属患偏头痛的发病率有显著差异(P<0.05);患儿亲属患偏头痛种类的比较:腹痛组有家族性偏瘫型偏头痛和儿童腹型偏头痛,对照组没有;除散发性偏瘫型偏头痛的在两组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他种类的偏头痛没有显著差异。结论:有家族性偏头痛史的婴儿腹痛发生率高于正常人,婴儿腹痛与家族性偏头痛的发生率相关,与偏头痛的种类也可能有关。     

2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变的超声诊断分析

目的：分析2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变超声诊断的意义,为临床超声诊断提供理论依据。方法：选取我院2011年4月--2012年10月收治的100例2型糖尿病患者作为观察组,另选取同期100例健康体检者作为对照组。对比两组下肢动脉彩色多普勒超声检测结果的差异。结果：观察组检出85例斑块、23例狭窄、13例闭塞,对照组分别为21例、12例及0例;观察组下肢动脉管腔斑块、狭窄和闭塞发生率显著高于对照组（P〉O．05）;病程10--15年的患者,其足背动脉管径为（1．25±0．07）mm,显著低于对照组;病程超过25年的患者,全部下肢动脉血管管径均显著低于对照组（P〈O．05）;观察组股前动脉、胫后动脉及足背动脉血流速度明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）,两组人群股总动脉、胭动脉血流速度无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：超声可有效反映2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变情况,且具有无创、可多次检查等优势,费用较低,降低了患者诊疗负担,为血管病变的早期诊断提供了有利条件,也在预防和控制患者糖尿病足等并发症方面起到了重要作用。     

中长跑运动的心血管效应

本研究通过利用彩色多普勒超声心动图对２４例专业中长跑运动员的心脏形态、血液动力学改变及收缩舒张功能参数进行了观察,并与２０例从未参加过正规训练的同龄案牍工作者对照组进行了对比研究,结果显示：中长跑运动员的舒张末期左室内径（ＬＶＤｄ）、左室舒张末容量（ＬＶＥＤＶ）、收缩末容量（ＬＶＥＳＶ）、每搏量（ＳＶ）、左室心肌重量（ＬＶＭ）及左室心肌重量指数（ＬＶＭＩ）均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;舒张早期峰值血流速度（ＰＦＶＥｃｍ／ｓ）高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;舒张晚期峰值血流速度（ＰＦＶＡｃｍ／ｓ）,Ｅ峰面积（Ｅａｒｅａｍ）,舒张早期峰值血流速度与舒张晚期峰值血流速度比（ＰＦＶＥ／ＰＦＶＡ）也高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而出现三尖辩肺动脉返流的比例也明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。认为：中长跑运动员不仅心脏形态大小及收缩功能有显著改变,而且在舒张功能也有明显变化     

Amyloid beta在湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者中的表达及意义

目的:探讨Amyloid beta(Aβ)在湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者中的表达及意义。方法:2017年9月到2019年5月选择在本院诊治的湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者72例(72眼),检测血清Aβ含量,调查患者的一般资料、临床特征并进行相关性分析。结果:在72例患者中,平均血清Aβ含量为203.29±14.29 ng/mL,其中Aβ含量≥180 ng/mL 40例。Aβ阳性组的脉络膜厚度显著高于Aβ阴性组(P0.05)。Aβ阳性组的患眼动脉舒张末期血流速度和收缩期峰值血流速度都显著低于Aβ阴性组(P0.05)。Aβ阳性组的的性别、年龄、眼压、血压、体重指数、病程等与Aβ阴性组对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。直线相关性分析显示血清Aβ含量与脉络膜厚度、患眼动脉舒张末期血流速度和收缩期峰值血流速度都有显著相关性(P0.05),其中Aβ含量与脉络膜厚度呈正相关(r=0.566,P=0.003),Aβ含量与患眼动脉舒张末期血流速度和收缩期峰值血流速度呈负相关(r=-0.673,P=0.000;r=-0.455,P=0.010)。结论:Aβ在湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者中多呈现高表达状况,血清Aβ含量与脉络膜厚度、患眼动脉舒张末期血流速度和收缩期峰值血流速度相关,从而影响患者病情的进展。     

门静脉高压症脾切断流术后血栓形成的临床研究

目的:探讨门静脉高压症脾切断流术后门静脉系统血栓形成的相关原因。方法:回顾性分析2010年4月-2011年12月我科450例因肝硬化门静脉高压症行脾切断流术患者的临床资料,应用超声多普勒检测手术前后门静脉血流速度、门静脉直径及脾静脉、肠系膜上静脉、门静脉血栓情况,用Logistic回归分析术前肝功能Child-Pugh分级、门静脉直径、门静脉血流速度、脾脏的质量及术后血小板数量与门静脉系统血栓形成的关系。结果:术前门静脉系统有血栓患者75例,占16.7%。术后门静脉血栓再形成率52.9%。Logistic单因素分析提示门静脉系统血栓形成与门静脉内径、门静脉血流速度、脾脏质量、血清总胆红素、术后血小板数量有关。多因素分析发现门静脉系统血栓形成与门静脉内径、门静脉血流速度、脾脏质量有关,而与血清总胆红素、术后血小板数量无关。结论:肝硬化门静脉高压症脾切除术后门静脉系统血栓形成与门静脉内径、门静脉血流速度、脾脏质量有关。     

2型糖尿病心肌病患者血清LncRNA KCNQ1OT1、miR-181a-5p表达及其与左心功能的相关性研究

目的：探讨2型糖尿病心肌病（T2DCM）患者血清长链非编码核糖核酸KCNQ1OT1(LncRNA KCNQ1OT1)、微小核糖核酸-181a-5p(miR-181a-5p)表达水平及其与左心功能的相关性。方法：选择2021年6月至2023年6月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院收治的T2DCM患者80例作为T2DCM组,单纯2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者80例作为T2DM组,另选取同期体检健康者80例作为健康对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（qRT-PCR）检测并比较三组血清LncRNA KCNQ1OT1、miR-181a-5p表达水平。Pearson相关性分析法分析血清LncRNA KCNQ1OT1、miR-181a-5p表达与左心功能相关指标[二尖瓣早期血流速度峰值/左侧壁二尖瓣环早期峰值速度均值（E/e’）、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、左室射血分数（LVEF）、Tei指数、左心室收缩末期内径（LVESD）、二尖瓣早期血流速度峰值/晚期血流速度峰值（E/A）]的相关性。结果：T2DCM组体质指数（BMI）、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、B型脑肽钠（BNP）、肌...     

穴位贴敷联合中药足浴治疗痰浊上蒙型眩晕的效果

目的 观察穴位贴敷联合中药足浴治疗痰浊上蒙型眩晕的效果。方法 将2021年7月至2022年6月在我院治疗的112例痰浊上蒙型眩晕患者随机分为对照组与观察组,每组56例。对照组采用西药治疗,观察组在对照组的治疗基础上采用穴位贴敷及中药足浴治疗。观察比较两组的临床疗效以及中医证候积分、血流动力学、眩晕障碍量表(DHI)评分、活动平衡信心量表(ABC)评分改善情况。结果 观察组的临床总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的主证、次证、兼证及舌苔脉象等中医证候积分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗后,观察组各项指标中医证候积分均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的平均血流速度(Vm)、基底动脉血流速度(BA)、右侧椎动脉血流速度(RVA)、左侧椎动脉血流速度(LVA)比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗后,观察组的Vm、BA、RVA及RVA指标水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前的DHI及ABC评分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0...     

彩色多普勒超声诊断子宫肉瘤的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对子宫肉瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断的价值。方法回顾性分析19例子宫肉瘤的声像图表现及多普勒血流频谱特点与手术及病理结果进行对照。结果子宫肉瘤的二维声像图表现分为四类：子宫肌层实性占位（4例）;子宫肌层囊实性占位（9例）;子宫内膜占位（4例）;宫颈占位（2例）。血流特点是肿瘤表面和内部以血流丰富型为主（15／19）,动脉阻力指数较低,15例RI平均值0．66。结论子宫肉瘤的声像图和血流多普勒显示具有特征性表现,超声检查对子宫肉瘤的早期发现、早期诊断及鉴别诊断能为临床提供重要帮助。     

Dynamics of coronary circulation in rats]

The blood flow velocities in left anterior descending coronary artery and ascending aorta have been measured in anesthetized rats by high frequency Doppler technique. The measurement of coronary blood flow velocity by miniature ultrasonic probe (2.0 x 1.5 mm) was performed through myocardial surface. Two different forms of coronary blood flow curves were recorded. These forms of the curves depend on the value of the coronary blood flow velocity and are connected with the ascending aorta blood flow velocity. The dynamics of the coronary blood flow reactions under coronary artery occlusion and asphyxia in the rat is similar to the one in the cat and the dog, but less expressive. In experiments with vasodilators the direct dependence between linear and volume coronary artery velocities under the measurement through myocardial surface was found.     

Effects of velocity jumps on blood flow in large arteries

When a human being experiences a sudden velocity change, the blood flow is disturbed. A theoretical analysis to predict the effects of sudden velocity changes on blood flow in large arteries is presented. The situations is modelled as a one-dimensional flow problem in a viscoelastic tube where the fluid viscosity convective term in the equation of motion and nonlinearity in the elastic modulus of the tube wall are neglected. The governing equations of the model are solved by Laplace transformation. The computed results show that relatively high blood pressures, capable of harming circulation, are produced even by relatively moderate velocity jumps.     

Theory for flow of Casson and Herschel-Bulkley fluids in cone-plate viscometers

Mathematical models for blood flow in cone-plate viscometer have been considered, by assuming blood as a Casson/Herschel-Bulkley fluid. Three different cases have been analyzed (i) when there is no shearing, (ii) partial shearing and (iii) full shearing. The relationships between the angular velocity and torque have been obtained for the above three cases. By assuming total shearing, the analytical expression for apparent viscosity has been obtained. Variation of apparent viscosity with yield stress, angular velocity, Casson co-efficient of viscosity, consistency index and flow behaviour index has been computed. It is observed that as the angular velocity increases, the apparent viscosity decreases for both fluids. Further, it is found that as the cone angle increases, the apparent viscosity increases. This behaviour of apparent viscosity in cone-plate viscometer is interesting and unexpected and is being reported first time.     

高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨与研究高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查的相关性。方法：2018年2月到2020年1月在本院进行建档分娩的高危孕妇108例作为研究对象,都给予彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查,记录影像学特征,判定胎儿缺氧发生情况并进行相关性分析。结果：在高危孕妇108例中,发生宫内缺氧28例（宫内缺氧组）,发生率为25.9 %;宫内缺氧组的大脑中动脉、脐动脉的阻力指数（RI）、搏动指数（PI）、收缩期峰值流速舒张期流速比值（S/D）均高于非宫内缺氧组（P<0.05）;宫内缺氧组的上腔静脉血流心室收缩期峰值流速（S波）、心房收缩期速度（A波）、心室舒张期峰值流速（D波）均高于非宫内缺氧组（P<0.05）;高危孕妇108例中,Spearsman分析显示大脑中动脉、脐动脉的RI、PI、S/D以及上腔静脉血流S、D、A均与宫内缺氧都存在相关性（P<0.05）;logistic多因素回归分析显示：大脑中动脉、脐动脉的S/D与上腔静脉血流S、A为导致胎儿缺氧的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查特征具有相关性,彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声可作为检查胎儿缺氧的可行、简单无创、方便快捷的方式,具有极高的应用价值。     

Three-layered Couette flow of polar fluid with non-zero particle spin boundary condition at the interfaces with applications to blood flow

In this paper, Couette flow of blood is modelled as a three-layered flow. The model basically consists of a core (red-cell suspension) and plasma (a Newtonian fluid) in the top (near the moving plate) and bottom (near the stationary plate) layers. Flow is assumed to be steady and laminar and fluids are incompressible. A spin boundary condition at the interfaces is used by introducing two parameters. Analytic expressions for velocity, total angular velocity and effective viscosity have been obtained and their variations with spin parameters S and s, layer thickness, coupling number N and characteristic length ratio L are computed and shown graphically. One of the important observations of the analysis is the permissible values of the coupling number N is between 0 and 1/square root2 (in the existing literature, the range of N is 0 to 1). The present model includes Couette flow of one and three-layered Newtonian fluids and one-layered polar fluid models as its special cases. Applications of the proposed model to blood flow have been briefly discussed.     

Chronic measurement, using a Doppler probe, of uterine artery flow in the gravid guinea-pig

A chronic animal model is described which permits for the first time the continuous measurement of uterine artery blood flow velocity in the pregnant guinea-pig by using a miniaturized Doppler flow probe. Preliminary validation revealed that alterations in actual blood flow are directly and proportionally related to the change in the Doppler shift (r = 0.984) from 0 to 100 ml/h. The velocity signal baseline was as stable as that of systemic blood pressure. Depending upon the individual animal's flow velocity, a deviation of 2-5% from baseline was statistically significant. With experience, greater than 90% of preparations were successful and a 30-day interval was often available for study. Uterine artery flow velocity increased steadily between 45 and 55 days of gestation. Instrumentation did not result in fetal growth retardation. A reduction in flow velocity occurred during general anaesthesia using ketamine and the antianxietal xylazine. In agreement with the reports of other investigators using a different model, both hydralazine and angiotensin II increased uterine blood velocity and adrenaline reduced it.     

Coronary artery flow measurement using navigator echo gated phase contrast magnetic resonance velocity mapping at 3.0 T

A validation study and early results for non-invasive, in vivo measurement of coronary artery blood flow using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) at 3.0T is presented. Accuracy of coronary artery blood flow measurements by phase contrast MRI is limited by heart and respiratory motion as well as the small size of the coronary arteries. In this study, a navigator echo gated, cine phase velocity mapping technique is described to obtain time-resolved velocity and flow waveforms of small diameter vessels at 3.0T. Phantom experiments using steady, laminar flow are presented to validate the technique and show flow rates measured by 3.0T phase contrast MRI to be accurate within 15% of true flow rates. Subsequently, in vivo scans on healthy volunteers yield velocity measurements for blood flow in the right, left anterior descending, and left circumflex arteries. Measurements of average, cross-sectional velocity were obtainable in 224/243 (92%) of the cardiac phases. Time-averaged, cross-sectional velocity of the blood flow was 6.8+/-4.3cm/s in the LAD, 8.0+/-3.8cm/s in the LCX, and 6.0+/-1.6cm/s in the RCA.     

Estimation of valvular resistance of segmented aortic valves using computational fluid dynamics

Aortic valve stenosis is associated with an elevated left ventricular pressure and transaortic pressure drop. Clinicians routinely use Doppler ultrasound to quantify aortic valve stenosis severity by estimating this pressure drop from blood velocity. However, this method approximates the peak pressure drop, and is unable to quantify the partial pressure recovery distal to the valve. As pressure drops are flow dependent, it remains difficult to assess the true significance of a stenosis for low-flow low-gradient patients. Recent advances in segmentation techniques enable patient-specific Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of flow through the aortic valve. In this work a simulation framework is presented and used to analyze data of 18 patients. The ventricle and valve are reconstructed from 4D Computed Tomography imaging data. Ventricular motion is extracted from the medical images and used to model ventricular contraction and corresponding blood flow through the valve. Simplifications of the framework are assessed by introducing two simplified CFD models: a truncated time-dependent and a steady-state model. Model simplifications are justified for cases where the simulated pressure drop is above 10 mmHg. Furthermore, we propose a valve resistance index to quantify stenosis severity from simulation results. This index is compared to established metrics for clinical decision making, i.e. blood velocity and valve area. It is found that velocity measurements alone do not adequately reflect stenosis severity. This work demonstrates that combining 4D imaging data and CFD has the potential to provide a physiologically relevant diagnostic metric to quantify aortic valve stenosis severity.     

Effect of Ilizarov tibial lengthening on limb blood flow

The experiment in 23 adult dogs was based on the study of volumetric blood flow velocity in the superficial femoral artery and femoral vein, pulse changes in blood filling of the m. gastrocnemius in the conditions of tibial lengthening to 17.5-23% from the initial length. Complex changes in the blood flow parameters were revealed after surgical intervention and within 7 distraction days. When the distraction ended, the volumetric blood flow velocity in the femoral artery was reduced by 19% and the blood flow out of the vessel was improved by 17%. When fixation was over, the volumetric blood flow velocity in the vessel increased by 37% and the improved outflow preserved. At each experimental stage, there was an increased volumetric blood flow velocity in the femoral vein as compared to its value in the control group, its correspondence to the superficial femoral artery as well as similar dynamics in blood flow changes in the femoral vessels and m. gastrocnemius. The findings show that the vascular system of bone regeneration provides accelerated arterial blood transportation into the venous system during organotypical bone area formation.     

Basic laws of blood screw motion in human common carotid arteries

The basic laws of blood screw motion in common carotid arteries in people were determined by means of modern ultrasound techniques for the first time. 92 healthy adults, aged 18-30, were examined. The blood flow in the middle one-third of common carotid arteries was registered by means of Color Doppler Imaging and impulse Doppler with the help of ultrasound Medison 8000EX scanner by linear transducer of 5-9 MHz. The steady registration of blood screw motion in both common carotid arteries in Color Doppler Imaging regimen was observed in 54.3 % of cases. The direction of screw stream rotation in most cases (54%) was multi-directed: in the right common carotid artery it was right, in the left common carotid artery--left (48%), and in 6% of cases it was reverse. For 46% of cases blood rotation in both common carotid arteries was one-directed (26%--right, 20%--left). The velocity parameters of rotation component of blood motion were determined, maximum velocity being 19.68 +/- 5.84 cm/sec, minimum--4.57 +/- 2.89 cm/sec, average--7.48 +/- 2.49 cm/sec, angular--10.7 +/- 2.49 sec(-1). The rated velocity of blood cells motion in screw motion with regard of screw current lines to the vessel vertical axis makes up from 158.67 +/- 32.79 to 224.39 +/- 46.37 cm/sec.