共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
心肺脑复苏(Cardiopulmonary—cerebralResuscitation,CPCR)是抢救心跳骤停(CardiacArrest)患者的重要手段,而早期氧疗(AcuteOxygenTherapy)是提高心肺脑复苏成功率的重要辅助措施。以往人们一直认为CPCR后应尽早给予患者高浓度氧疗;然而,近年认为早期氧疗不当非但达不到挽救心跳骤停患者生命、降低致残率之目的,反而会降低复苏成功率。基础研究和临床研究提示,与暴露于正常空气或低浓度氧气组相比,大脑缺氧后早期暴露于高浓度氧气中的动物或患者,脑组织损伤更加严重。其可能机制主要有高浓度氧含量引起的氧化应激和乳酸堆积造成的脑组织损伤。此外,复苏后高浓度氧疗还可造成心肌损伤,其主要机制有大量活性氧簇(ReactiveOxygenSpecies,ROS)造成心脏的继发性损伤、Ca2+通道激活,引起血管收缩加重心肌缺血、K+ATP通道关闭,造成心肌受损、血管紧张素Ⅱ释放增多和缩血管物质20-HETE生成增多,加重心肌缺血等。因此,在对复苏后病人进行氧疗过程中,目前主张限制复苏后早期氧疗。 相似文献
2.
在过去的10年里,美国心脏学会进行了大量的基础和临床研究,于2010年10月颁布了《2010美国心脏协会心肺复苏及心血管急救指南》[1]。新指南强调了早期心脏按压的重要性,简化了心肺复苏的流程,对心脏按压的质量提出了新的要求。随着医疗技术的发展,近年来心脏骤停后自主循环恢复的成功率虽然已经有了一定的提高,但是患者长时间存活率并未提高,仍有25%~50%的心跳骤停患者虽然恢复了自主循环,但仅有2%~10%的患者不出现神经功能缺陷[2]。临床上心肺复苏后脑功能完全恢复非常少见。 相似文献
3.
心跳呼吸骤停是临床急救医学最紧急而又困难并具有挑战意义的问题之一。如何提高心肺脑复苏(CPCR)的成功率,是临床急救医务人员所关注的问题。我院按照2005版国际心肺复苏指南的要求进行抢救的11例心跳呼吸骤停患者收到一定的效果,现报告如下。 相似文献
4.
田苗苗张兵李文志 《现代生物医学进展》2012,12(21):4197-4200
心跳骤停是临床医学中最为危急的事件之一,其发生发展过程涉及了一系列的病理生理学改变。近几年来,有关于心跳骤停复苏的研究有很多,也取得了一定的进展,但关于其各种不同类型心跳骤停的病理生理学改变的理解仍不是十分的全面,其有效地治疗药物和治疗手段也仍需要进一步的研究。因此,成功地制备与人类心跳骤停相似的动物模型就显得非常必要来,这不仅是深入研究心跳骤停复苏病理生理学改变的重要基础和研究途径,也是研制其治疗药物及方法的有效手段。本文重点讨论家兔各种类型心跳骤停复苏模型不同的研究方法。 相似文献
5.
6.
摘要 目的:探讨可视喉镜气管插管对心跳骤停抢救患者血流动力学及心肺复苏质量的影响。方法:选取联勤保障部队第九四〇医院于2020年4月~2022年5月期间收治的98例心跳骤停抢救患者为研究对象,根据插管方式将患者分为B组(可视喉镜气管插管,n=50)、A组(传统直接喉镜气管插管,n=48)。对比两组插管次数、声门暴露时间、插管时间、气道与牙齿损伤、心肺复苏质量及血流动力学指标变化情况,观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果:B组的插管次数少于A组,声门暴露时间、插管时间短于A组,气道与牙齿损伤比例少于A组(P<0.05)。B组的插管成功率、心肺复苏(CPR)成功率、存活率均高于A组(P<0.05)。B组插管后15 min的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)及心率(HR)均低于A组同期(P<0.05)。B组的不良反应发生率低于A组(P<0.05)。结论:相比于传统直接喉镜气管插管用于心跳骤停抢救患者,可视喉镜气管插管可维持血流动力学稳定,提高插管成功率和心肺复苏质量,安全性较好。 相似文献
7.
<正>溺水是青少年常见的意外伤害,部分溺水者可出现心跳呼吸停止,需要立即给予急救处理。我科曾对1例溺水致心跳呼吸骤停患者行心肺复苏术取得成功,现报告如下。1病例介绍患者,男,26岁,因"溺水后约5min,呼吸停止10min",于2012年7月30日晚8时59分由我院急诊科出诊院前急救(行心肺复苏术)成功后转运院内进一步治疗。患者于2012年7月30日到我县一风景区旅游,并于当晚8时15分 相似文献
8.
目的:低温在许多小鼠心跳骤停后复苏模型的研究中被证实是有效的。心跳骤停后释放的氧自由基是产生继发性损伤的一个重要机制。本研究旨在探索心跳骤停期间应用中度低温对复苏后抗氧化物酶活性的影响。方法:用氯化钾诱导8min心跳骤停。此实验分为常温心跳骤停组(NCA)、低温心跳骤停组(HCA)TL对照组。HCA组在心跳骤停5min后开始降温使核心温度维持在(30.0±1.0)℃。应用胸部按压和肾上腺素来复苏。在心跳骤停两组各选择三个时间点:复苏后1h、4h和24h。测量超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)在心脏和肝脏的活性。结果:实验动物在HCA组比常NCA组生存率高。HCA组比NCA组复苏时间明显延长。与NCA组相比,HCA组复苏后24h的SOD活性在肝脏表达明显降低。与NCA组相比,HCA组复苏后4h的CAT活性在肝脏表达显著增高。结论:在心跳骤停过程中,与正常体温相比,应用中度低温能够提高生存率。与正常体温相比较,在心跳骤停中期间应用中度低温不影响心脏的SOD与CAT活性,应用中度低温在肝脏可延迟性抑制SOD的活性并且短暂提高CAT活性。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
目的:研究酚妥拉明、多巴胺联合心肺复苏对心搏骤停患者的影响。方法:选择2015年2月至2016年4月在我院进行治疗的心搏骤停患者60名,按照治疗方法的不同分为观察组和对照组,对照组使用常规方法治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合酚妥拉明及多巴胺治疗。观察和比较两组治疗后的临床疗效、生存情况、血清cTnI、CK、CK-MB、MDA、SOD水平和血流动力学参数的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总病死率20%,明显低于对照组33.33%(P0.05)。观察组心肺复苏后0.5-1h血清c Tn I水平显著高于对照组(P0.05),2-24 h血清cTnI水平显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组心肺复苏后各时点血清CK、CK-MB水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组复苏后24 h的MDA、SOD浓度较对照组[(1.86±1.65)μg/L vs(3.81±1.24)μg/L、(6.58±0.95)μg/L vs(3.74±0.56)μg/L](P0.05)。心肺复苏后,观察组患者从第2 h开始MAP值明显高于对照组水平(P0.05);观察组患者CO值及CI值从第6h开始明显升高显著高于对照组水平(P0.05);且观察组患者PCWP值各时段均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:酚妥拉明联合多巴胺用于治疗心搏骤停患者可明显减轻患者心肌损伤,改善其血流动力学及患者预后,提高生存率,且安全性高。 相似文献
12.
目的:探讨电针对大鼠心肺复苏后脑损伤及海马炎性因子表达的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分三组:假手术组(Sham)、对照组(Control)、电针组(EA)。大鼠窒息8 min后进行心肺复苏,EA组于复苏同时在水沟、内关穴插入毫针并予以电针刺激,对照组仅在相同穴位插入毫针。计算大鼠复苏成功率,记录自主循环恢复时间,于复苏后24 h及72 h对大鼠进行神经功能缺损评分(NDS),水迷宫检测各组大鼠学习记忆能力,尼氏染色观察海马区神经元形态及存活数量,Western blot检测海马区炎性因子表达。结果:与Sham组相比,对照组与EA组大鼠复苏后24 h、72 h NDS降低,学习记忆能力明显减低,两组海马CA1区细胞排列紊乱、神经元存活数量减少,IL-10表达降低、IL-1与IL-6表达升高(P0.05)。而与对照组相比,EA组大鼠复苏成功率有所提高,但无统计学意义,自主循环恢复时间明显缩短(P0.05);复苏后24 h、72 h NDS评分提高(P0.05);水迷宫第六天逃避潜伏期缩短、空间探索能力显著增强(P0.05);海马CA1区细胞排列紊乱减轻,神经元存活数目增多;海马区炎性因子IL-1、IL-6表达降低,抗炎因子IL-10表达增多(P0.05)。结论:电针能够减轻大鼠心肺复苏后脑损伤,其保护作用可能与抑制炎性因子、促进抗炎因子表达有关。 相似文献
13.
ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a text message (TM) alert system for trained volunteers contributed to early cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs), return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in a region with above-average survival rates.DesignData on all OHCA patients in 2012 (non-TM group) were compared with those of all OHCA patients in 2018 (TM group). The association of the presence of a TM alert system with ROSC and survival was assessed with multivariate regression analyses.ResultsTM responders reached 42 OHCA patients (15.9%) earlier than the first responders or ambulance. They connected 31 of these 42 OHCA patients (73.8%) to an AED before the ambulance arrived, leading to a higher percentage of AEDs being attached in 2018 compared to the 2012 non-TM group (55% vs 46%, p = 0.03). ROSC was achieved more often in the TM group (61.0% vs 29.4%, p < 0.01). Three-month and 1‑year survival did not differ significantly between the two groups (29.3% vs 24.3%, p = 0.19, and 25.9% vs 23.5%, p = 0.51). Multivariate regression analyses confirmed the positive association of ROSC with the TM alert system (odds ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.02‑2.19, p = 0.04).ConclusionA TM alert system seems to improve the chain of survival; because TM responders reached patients early, AEDs were attached more often and more OHCA patients achieved ROSC. However, the introduction of a TM alert system was not associated with improved 3‑month or 1‑year survival in a region with above-average survival rates. 相似文献
14.
L. W. Boyce T. P. M. Vliet Vlieland J. Bosch R. Wolterbeek G. Volker H. J. van Exel C. Heringhaus M. J. Schalij P. H. Goossens 《Netherlands heart journal》2015,23(1):20-25
Aims
Survival to hospital discharge after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) varies widely. This study describes short-term survival after OHCA in a region with an extensive care path and a follow-up of 1 year.Methods
Consecutive patients ≥16 years admitted to the emergency department between April 2011 and December 2012 were included. In July 2014 a follow-up took place. Socio-demographic data, characteristics of the OHCA and interventions were described and associations with survival were determined.Results
Two hundred forty-two patients were included (73 % male, median age 65 years). In 76 % the cardiac arrest was of cardiac origin and 52 % had a shockable rhythm. In 74 % the cardiac arrest was witnessed, 76 % received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and in 39 % an automatic external defibrillator (AED) was used. Of the 168 hospitalised patients, 144 underwent therapeutic procedures. A total of 105 patients survived until hospital discharge. Younger age, cardiac arrest in public area, witnessed cardiac arrest, cardiac origin with a shockable rhythm, the use of an AED, shorter time until return of spontaneous circulation, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≥13 during transport and longer length of hospital stay were associated with survival. Of the 105 survivors 72 survived for at least 1 year after cardiac arrest and 6 patients died.Conclusion
A survival rate of 43 % after OHCA is achievable. Witnessed cardiac arrest, cardiac cause of arrest, initial cardiac rhythm and GCS ≥13 were associated with higher survival. 相似文献15.
Inhibition of microglial activation contributes to propofol‐induced protection against post‐cardiac arrest brain injury in rats 下载免费PDF全文
Wei Wang Rui Lu Da‐yun Feng Li‐rong Liang Bing Liu Hui Zhang 《Journal of neurochemistry》2015,134(5):892-903
It has been suggested that propofol can modulate microglial activity and hence may have potential roles against neuroinflammation following brain ischemic insult. However, whether and how propofol can inhibit post‐cardiac arrest brain injury via inhibition of microglia activation remains unclear. A rat model of asphyxia cardiac arrest (CA) was created followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CA induced marked microglial activation in the hippocampal CA1 region, revealed by increased OX42 and P2 class of purinoceptor 7 (P2X7R) expression, as well as p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Morris water maze showed that learning and memory deficits following CA could be inhibited or alleviated by pre‐treatment with the microglial inhibitor minocycline or propofol. Microglial activation was significantly suppressed likely via the P2X7R/p‐p38 pathway by propofol. Moreover, hippocampal neuronal injuries after CA were remarkably attenuated by propofol. In vitro experiment showed that propofol pre‐treatment inhibited ATP‐induced microglial activation and release of tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β. In addition, propofol protected neurons from injury when co‐culturing with ATP‐treated microglia. Our data suggest that propofol pre‐treatment inhibits CA‐induced microglial activation and neuronal injury in the hippocampus and ultimately improves cognitive function.
16.
目的:探讨纳洛酮对心搏骤停患者心肺复苏(CPR)后氧化应激反应及缺血缺氧性脑病的影响。方法:将我院收治的78例骤停时间≤10 min的心搏骤停患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各39例。两组均按照美国心脏学会心肺复苏指南进行标准的心肺复苏,治疗组在此基础上静脉注射纳洛酮2 mg,复苏后用纳洛酮0.4 mg/(kg·d)微量注射泵24h持续泵入。比较两组的CPR成功率、血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,监测其不同时点脑氧摄取量(CEO2)的变化。结果:与对照组比较,治疗组自主循环恢复成功率、复苏后24 h存活率均显著升高(P<0.05)。自主循环恢复后,治疗组SOD、GSH-PX活性较对照组明显增加(P<0.05);复苏后24 h,两组MDA含量均显著升高,SOD、GSH-PX活性明显减弱,而治疗组各氧化应激指标明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者在复苏早期CEO2迅速升高,但在复苏后24 h开始下降,48~72 h处于相对稳定的水平,治疗组各时间点CEO2均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:纳洛酮可减轻心搏骤停患者CPR后体内氧化应激损伤和缺血缺氧性脑病,改善患者的预后。 相似文献
17.