高特异性抗桔霉素单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

以1, 4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚(双环氧试剂)为偶联剂,合成桔霉素-蛋白偶联抗原CIT-BSA,将偶联抗原免疫BALB/C小鼠,取脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0进行融合,应用有限稀释法进行筛选,经过克隆化后筛选到一株稳定分泌抗桔霉素抗体的杂交瘤细胞株H2-F8．该单克隆抗体经过初步鉴定,抗体类型为IgM类,抗体的相对亲和力为4.17×10⁸ L/mol,单抗与黄曲霉毒素B1、赭曲霉毒素A、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮等毒素的交叉反应率均低于0.1%,与红曲色素中的橙色素和红色素的交叉反应率均低于0.01%．在此基础上建立了间接竞争ELISA检测方法,线性范围为0.05～1.0 μg/L,IC₅₀值为0.3 μg/L．结果为快速检测桔霉素的酶联免疫检测方法的建立和检测试剂盒的研制提供技术依据．     

抗EGFRvⅢ单链抗体间接ELISA方法的建立及条件优化北大核心

[目的]以合成抗原EGFRvⅢ-BSA作为被检测物,建立检测抗EGFRvⅢ单链抗体的间接ELISA检测方法并优化其反应条件。[方法]利用N-马来酰亚胺甲基环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯(SMCC)将EGFRvⅢ与BSA偶联制备抗原。利用方阵滴定法对间接ELISA法的抗原包被浓度,单链抗体的稀释度、包被时间和温度、包被液、抗His-tag多抗稀释度和酶标抗体的稀释度进行优化,并对建立的间接ELISA方法的方法学进行验证。[结果]通过SDS-PAGE电泳和全波长紫外扫面显示EGFRvⅢ-BSA合成成功。用PBS于37℃包被1.25μg/m L的EGFRvⅢ-BSA 2 h,加入19.044μg/L的ChiMR1、1∶8 000的兔抗His-tag多抗和1∶10 000酶标抗体可获得最佳ELISA检测结果。应用优化后的条件检测4.761~152.35μg/L范围内的ChiMR1显示线性良好。线性方程为y=(A-D)/[1+(x/C)^B]+D(A:1.99706;B:-1.09760;C:35.54885;D:0.01558),R2=0.99923;60μg/L和20μg/L的质控品的检测精密度分别为7.142%和4.828%;准确度分别为91.8%和82.90%,准确度和精密度良好。[结论]建立的间接ELISA方法的线性、准确度和精密度良好,为临床疾病的检测奠定良好基础。     

抗EGFRvⅢ单链抗体间接ELISA方法的建立及条件优化

[目的]以合成抗原EGFRvⅢ-BSA作为被检测物,建立检测抗EGFRvⅢ单链抗体的间接ELISA检测方法并优化其反应条件。[方法]利用N-马来酰亚胺甲基环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯(SMCC)将EGFRvⅢ与BSA偶联制备抗原。利用方阵滴定法对间接ELISA法的抗原包被浓度,单链抗体的稀释度、包被时间和温度、包被液、抗His-tag多抗稀释度和酶标抗体的稀释度进行优化,并对建立的间接ELISA方法的方法学进行验证。[结果]通过SDS-PAGE电泳和全波长紫外扫面显示EGFRvⅢ-BSA合成成功。用PBS于37℃包被1.25μg/m L的EGFRvⅢ-BSA 2 h,加入19.044μg/L的ChiMR1、1∶8 000的兔抗His-tag多抗和1∶10 000酶标抗体可获得最佳ELISA检测结果。应用优化后的条件检测4.761~152.35μg/L范围内的ChiMR1显示线性良好。线性方程为y=(A-D)/[1+(x/C)^B]+D(A:1.99706;B:-1.09760;C:35.54885;D:0.01558),R2=0.99923;60μg/L和20μg/L的质控品的检测精密度分别为7.142%和4.828%;准确度分别为91.8%和82.90%,准确度和精密度良好。[结论]建立的间接ELISA方法的线性、准确度和精密度良好,为临床疾病的检测奠定良好基础。     

抗麻痹性贝毒素GTX2,3单克隆抗体的制备及特性分析

制备抗麻痹性贝毒GTX2,3单克隆抗体。利用醛化法将GTX2,3与载体牛血清白蛋白(BSA)偶联,制备完全抗原。免疫小鼠,取小鼠脾细胞与Sp2/0细胞融合。GTX2,3与钥孔血蓝蛋白(KLH)偶联作为检测抗原,用间接ELISA法筛选阳性克隆株。将筛选的阳性细胞株制备腹水。获得三株稳定分泌抗GTX2,3单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株F4、F10、G9。间接ELISA法检测F10细胞株腹水抗体效价为1.4×10^-5。半抗原GTX2,3与载体蛋白偶联后,作为免疫原,可制备高滴度的抗GTX2,3抗血清和单克隆抗体。该抗体对于藻毒素具有高特异性和高亲和力,可用于污染海产品的麻痹性贝毒的检测。     

汉滩病毒PS-6单克隆抗体的制备及其双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法的建立与应用

目的 制备汉滩病毒(Hantaan virus, HTNV)PS-6株小鼠单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody, mAb),建立HTNV抗原双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法,验证方法的检测性能并初步应用于疫苗抗原含量检测。方法 以HTNV PS-6株灭活全病毒原液作为免疫原,采用小鼠杂交瘤融合技术,筛选mAb杂交瘤细胞株,制备mAb;用间接ELISA测定mAb效价;用Western blot鉴定mAb特异性;用间接ELISA测定mAb相对亲和力;经抗体配对筛选,建立双抗体夹心ELISA病毒抗原检测方法。以I型肾综合征出血热疫苗标准品作为定量标准,验证该方法的检测限、线性范围、特异性、准确度、精密度;对6批次I型肾综合征出血热灭活疫苗原液进行检测,初步验证该方法的适用性。结果 获得4株稳定分泌抗HTNV PS-6特异性抗体的阳性杂交瘤细胞株：4B2、3H8、5D7及2A7;间接ELISA检测腹水抗体效价均在1×10⁶～1×106～1×10⁷;Western blot鉴定4株mAb均能特异性识别HTNV PS-6;相对亲和力为4B2>5D7>3H8>2A7;抗体ELISA配对筛选后,选用5D7作为包被抗体,4B2作为标记抗体,包被抗体工作浓度为10μg/mL,HRP标记抗体工作浓度为1∶5 000。该方法对HTNV PS-6抗原检测限为0.039 1μg/mL;检测线性范围为0.078 1～2.500 0μg/mL,R7;Western blot鉴定4株mAb均能特异性识别HTNV PS-6;相对亲和力为4B2>5D7>3H8>2A7;抗体ELISA配对筛选后,选用5D7作为包被抗体,4B2作为标记抗体,包被抗体工作浓度为10μg/mL,HRP标记抗体工作浓度为1∶5 000。该方法对HTNV PS-6抗原检测限为0.039 1μg/mL;检测线性范围为0.078 1～2.500 0μg/mL,R²> 0.97;检测与I型肾综合征出血热疫苗生产主要原辅料成分、II型肾综合征出血热疫苗、森林脑炎疫苗及甲肝疫苗均无交叉反应;准确度验证,病毒抗原回收率在95.8%～110.5%之间;试验内和试验间精密度,CV分别在6.72%～8.03%、8.24%～9.70%之间。用该方法检测6批次I型肾综合征出血热灭活疫苗原液,结果均呈剂量依赖性。结论 成功制备HTNV PS-6株mAb,建立病毒抗原双抗体夹心ELISA抗原检测方法,方法准确、可靠,可初步应用于I型肾综合征出血热灭活疫苗科研、生产过程病毒抗原检测。     

红曲菌转化库中部分突变子的次级代谢产物分析

本文采用TLC、HPLC、ELISA等方法测定了12株红曲转化子MonacolinK、γ-氨基丁酸和桔霉素的含量。结果表明,与出发菌株P-4相比,突变株产次级代谢产物的能力都发生了不同程度的变化。8株突变菌株红曲的MonacolinK含量高于P-4,其中1121#的MonacolinK含量约为P-4的10倍,分别为542.13μg/g和58.65μg/g;GABA含量方面,以779#制备的红曲GABA含量最高,达1.165g/Kg,约为P-4的3倍;由167#制备的红曲的桔霉素含量最高,为65.71ng/g,而2107#与779#制备的红曲的桔霉素含量在实验条件下未检测到。     

黄瓜细菌性白枯病菌特异性抗体制备及其ELISA检测方法的建立

目的:制备黄瓜细菌性白枯病菌特异性抗体,建立其酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)的检测方法.方法:分别以黄瓜细菌性白枯病菌胞内蛋白和菌体为免疫原,制备两再种抗体,优化间接ELISA检测条件.结果:间接ELISA法测定两种纯化的菌体抗体(J4)和胞内蛋白抗体(P2)效价分别为1:32000和1:4000,二抗的最佳稀释度为1:3000,方阵试验表明J4的工作浓度为1:16000,抗原的最佳包被浓度为10<'6>cfu/ml,P2的工作浓度为1:2000,抗原的最佳包被浓度为10<'7>cfu/ml,两种抗体的灵敏度均为10<'5>cfu/ml,与黄瓜细菌性角斑病菌等26个菌株无交叉反应,特异性强.结论:成功制备了黄瓜细菌性白枯病菌特异性抗体,建立了ELISA检测方法.     

一种人抗PD-L1单抗的间接ELISA方法的建立

[目的]制备一种人抗PD-L1抗体,建立其酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)的检测方法。[方法]将表达抗体重链和轻链的质粒转染到HEK-293细胞制备抗体,并建立ELISA方法对抗体进行检测。[结果]间接ELISA法的最佳抗原包被浓度为0.25μg/mL,抗PD-L1抗体标准品的起始浓度为0.25μg/mL,最适封闭液浓度为2%BSA,最适封闭时间为2 h,二抗的最佳稀释度为1∶4 000。细胞上清中的抗PD-L1抗体样品1的滴度为125,浓度66.66 ng/mL,灵敏度为6.3 ng/mL;样品2的滴度为125,浓度为81.8 ng/mL,灵敏度为5.9 ng/mL。[结论]建立了一种人抗PD-L1单克隆抗体的间接ELISA检测方法,经对样品1和样品2的批内批间重复性试验统计分析,变异系数均10%,该ELISA法适用于该抗体的检测。     

黄曲霉毒素B1单克隆抗体的制备及间接竞争ELISA检测技术研究

【目的】制备黄曲霉毒素B1单克隆(AFB1)抗体,建立间接竞争ELISA检测方法用于污染样品中AFB1的检测。【方法】用碳二亚胺法制备黄曲霉毒素B1的完全抗原AFB1-BSA后免疫Balb/c小鼠,经过细胞融合和克隆化筛选获得抗AFB1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。采用体内诱生腹水法制备抗体,通过间接ELISA方法分别测定抗体亚类和效价。经优化实验条件,建立稳定的间接竞争ELISA检测方法,并用于检测饲料样品中的黄曲霉毒素B1。【结果】获得4株稳定分泌抗AFB1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,选择3B9细胞株制备抗体,测定抗体亚类为IgG1,效价为1:204 800,与黄曲霉毒素B2、G1、G2和M1的交叉反应率分别为2.2%、33.9%、1.8%和4.1%,与赭曲霉毒素A、伏马毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮几乎不存在交叉反应。以此单抗构建了AFB1间接竞争ELISA检测方法,在AFB1浓度为1.04?25.00 μg/L范围内呈线性(R2=0.993 1),检测限为1.04 μg/L,半数抑制率(IC50)为6.03 μg/L,平均加标回收率在线性范围内可达85%?120%,变异系数均小于10%。【结论】通过饲料样品检测证实,该方法与进口ELISA试剂盒检测一致性良好,可用于实际样品中黄曲霉毒素B1的快速筛检。     

脱落酸人工抗原合成及多克隆抗体制备

目的:为了对植物细胞中的脱落酸(ABA)进行定量和定位分析,研究了脱落酸人工抗原的合成以及多克隆抗体的制备。方法:用重氮化法将ABA分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、卵清白蛋白(OVA)联结,得到ABA的免疫抗原和包被抗原,并采用紫外全波长扫描和SDS-PAGE对合成的抗原进行了鉴定。以经过鉴定的抗原免疫白兔,制备出ABA的多克隆抗体;采用间接酶联免疫法(ELISA)对抗血清进行效价检测,通过离子交换层析法获得纯化的抗体。结果:ABA与BSA的平均偶联比为5.3∶1,抗血清效价为1∶16000。结论:人工抗原和多克隆抗体制备成功,为采用ELISA和免疫胶体金技术(ICG)检测ABA提供了有效工具。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.