IBA浓度、扦插时间对江西杜鹃和百合花杜鹃扦插生根的影响

为探明有鳞大花亚组杜鹃扦插生根的最佳IBA浓度和扦插时间,该研究以江西杜鹃、百合花杜鹃为材料,分别采用腐叶土+河沙(1:1)、泥炭+珍珠岩+蛭石(3:1:1)基质,开展了4个IBA浓度和4个扦插时间的生根试验.结果表明:IBA浓度对除老叶留存数外的所有指标有显著影响,其中100 mg·L-1 IBA处理生根率、新梢长最大,腐烂率最低,其它指标也表现良好,为最佳生根浓度;50 mg·L-1 IBA处理根幅、新梢率最大,但不定根数最少,效果其次;200 mg·L-1 IBA处理促进根系生长,但生根率较低、特别是显著抑制新梢发育;对照处理生根效果最差.扦插时间对所有生根指标均有显著影响,早春(04-18)木质化硬枝扦插除老叶留存数较差外,其它指标均表现极佳,为最适扦插时间;秋季(10-19)半木质-木质化过渡枝扦插效果其次;夏季(06-21)嫩枝及(08-16)半木质化枝生根效果极差,不宜进行扦插育苗.物种、基质对生根指标也有显著影响,百合花杜鹃扦插生根能力强于江西杜鹃,泥炭+珍珠岩+蛭石(3:1:1)基质生根效果优于腐叶土+河沙(1:1).该研究结果首次发现早春新梢萌发前采用木质化硬枝扦插可以显著提高两种杜鹃的生根效果,为该亚组杜鹃的扦插育苗提供了科学依据.     

贵州杜鹃花属（杜鹃花科）一新种——荔波杜鹃

描述了贵州杜鹃花属（杜鹃花科）一新种———荔波杜鹃Rhododendron liboense Z.R.Chen&K.M.Lan。该种以花序顶生,花冠粉红色,宽钟状,子房密被白色腺毛,柱头头状而近似于凉山杜鹃R.huianum Fang,但叶片狭窄,宽1.6-2.8cm,花序轴长1-3cm,花7-9朵,花冠较大,直径约8cm,花萼短小,长仅1-2mm而不同。     

藏药毛蕊杜鹃挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

目的：通过研究毛蕊杜鹃挥发油的化学成分,为毛蕊杜鹃的药用及开发利用提供依据.方法：采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取毛蕊杜鹃挥发油,用GC毛细管柱进行分离,归一化法测其相对含量,并用气相色谱-质谱法对化学成分进行鉴定.结果：共鉴定出38个化合物,鉴定出的化合物含量占总挥发油的92.96％.结论：毛蕊杜鹃挥发油主要成分为δ-杜松烯（相对含量为15.90％）;胡萝卜醇（15.09％）;α-杜松醇（15.02％）;τ-杜松醇（9.66％）;α-衣兰油烯（4.25％）;1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-八氢-7-甲基-4-亚甲基-1-[1-甲基乙基]-萘（4.14％）;1,7-二甲基-4-异丙基-2,7-环癸二烯-1-羟基（3.27％）;石竹烯（2.86％）;5-甲基-9-亚甲基-2-异丙基-二环[4.4.0]癸-1-烯（2.62％）;1,4-二甲基-3-[2-甲基-1-丙烯-1-基]-4-乙烯基-1-环庚烯（2.42％）;γ-衣兰油烯（2.21％）;愈创醇（1.50％）;β-古芸烯（1.34％）.     

江西桂娟花属一新种

伏毛杜鹃　新种　图 1ＲｈｏｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｓｔｒｉｇｏｓｕｍＲ .Ｌ .Ｌｉｕ ,ｓｐ .ｎｏｖ .Ｆｉｇ .1ＳｐｅｃｉｅｓｎｏｖａａｆｆｉｎｉｓＲｈ .ｔｅｎｕｉｌａｍｉｎａｒｉＴａｍ ,ｑｕｏｄｄｉｆｆｅｒｔｌｏｂｉｓｃａｌｙｃｉｎｕｍｔｒｕｎｃａｔｉｓ,ｄｅｎｓｅａｄ ｐｒｅｓｓｅａｒｇｅｎｔｅｏ ｓｔｒｉｇｏｓｉｓ,ｃｏｒｏｌｌａｅｘｔｕｓｓｐａｒｓｅｐｕｂｅｒｕｌａ ,ｓｔａｍｉｎｉｂｕｓ 7,ｓｔｙｌｉｓｖｉｌｌｏｓｏ ｓｔｒｉｇｏｓｉｓ;ｅｔｉａｍａｆｆｉｎｉｓＲｈ .ｐｕｌｃｈｒｏＳｗｅｅｔ,ｑｕｏｄｄｉ…     

广西杜鹃花研究(一)

<正> 1.岩谷杜鹃 新种 图1 (杜鹃亚属,长尾种子组) 附生小灌木,高20—6O厘米;枝圆柱状,密布小疣瘤,近似越橘杜鹃Rh.vaccinioides Hook.f.和匍枝杜鹃Rh.euonymifolium Lévl.;不同于前者为:叶密集,非散生,边缘外折,花黄色;不同于后者为叶向枝端聚生,较小,花萼裂片长圆形,被缘毛,花较小;不同于二者为子房和蒴果有鳞点而且被毛,可资区别。     

皱皮杜鹃的化学成分

从皱皮杜鹃(Rhododendron wiltonii Hemsl.et wils.)叶中分出6种成分,根据理化性质和紫外、红外、核磁共振及质谱分析,分别鉴定为:熊果酸(ursolic acid)、(+)-儿茶素[(+)-catechin]、槲皮素(quercetin)、山柰素(kaempferol)、蓼属甙(polystachoside)和山奈素-3-O-阿拉伯糖甙(kaempferol-3-O-arabinoside)其中,蓼属甙和山柰素-3-O-阿拉伯糖甙系从中国杜鹃属植物中首次获得。     

中国贵州杜鹃属两新种

报道了中国贵州杜鹃属植物2新种--枇杷叶杜鹃(Rhododendron eriobotryoides Xiang Chen & Jia Y.Huang)和金波杜鹃(R.jinboense Xiang Chen & X.Chen).枇杷叶杜鹃与皱叶杜鹃(R.denudatum)相似,但本种叶背毛被较薄而稀疏,花丝基部密被微柔毛,花柱通体被腺体.金波杜鹃与短脉杜鹃(R.brevinerve)相似,但前者的叶长圆状椭圆形,叶片上卷呈U形,花序具较多花,花冠较长,花丝基部密被微柔毛,子房密被绒毛.目前,仅发现2新种各有1个含数株的种群,资源量十分稀少,依据IUCN红色名录标准均属于极危物种(CR),需要加以重点保护.     

秀雅杜鹃化学成分的研究

从秀雅杜鹃全草的石油醚部分和乙酸乙酯部分中分离出20个化合物,利用现代波谱技术(MS1、HNMR、13CNMR、DEPT、CD)和化学方法对其中17个化合物进行了结构鉴定,分别为2S-4′,5,7-三羟基黄烷酮(1)、(2R,3R)-( )花旗松素(2)、扁蓄苷(3)、槲皮素-3-O--αL-鼠李糖苷(4)、金丝桃苷(5)、槲皮素(6)、16,17-二羟基,11β-贝壳杉烷-19酸(7)、异莨菪亭(8)、喇叭茶醇(9)、豆甾-4-烯-6β-醇-3-酮(10)、β-香树脂醇(11)、α-香树脂醇(12)、28-羟基-β-香树脂醇(13)、山楂醇(14)、齐墩果酸(15)、β-谷甾醇(16)、β-胡萝卜苷(17).所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分得,其中化合物1、7、8、9、10为首次从该属植物中发现.     

杜鹃的组织培养及快速繁殖

1 植物名称 杜鹃(Rhododendron simsii)品种“Hellmut Vogel。2 材料类别 叶片。3 培养条件 培养基:(1)WPM+TDZ(苯基噻二唑基脲)0.2 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同)+NAA 0.5;(2)WPM+TDZ 0.5;(3)WPM+IAA 1.75+活性炭0.25％。上述培养基中均附加白糖30 g·L~(-1) ,琼脂7g·L~(-1);pH 5.0。培养温度20～23℃,每天光照16 h,光照度2000 lx。     

华南杜鹃属新资料

在对杜鹃属马银花亚属专题野外采集和整理标本的过程中 ,发现马银花亚属植物 2种为地理分布新记录和 1个新变种 ,并对头巾马银花ＲｈｏｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｍｉｔｒｉｆｏｒｍｅＴａｍ的花部特征作了拉丁文的补充描述。高寨长蕊杜鹃　新变种ＲｈｏｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｓｔａｍｉｎｅｕｍＦｒａｎｃｈ .ｖａｒ .ｇａｏｚｈａｉｅｎｓｅＬ .Ｍ .Ｇａｏ ,ｖａｒ.ｎｏｖ .Ａｔｙｐｏｒｅｃｅｄｉｔｆｏｌｉｉｓｍａｊｏｒｉｂｕｓ ,9- 13ｃｍｌｏｎｇｉｓ ,3- 5 5ｃｍｌａｔｉｓ,ｂａｓｉｌａｔｅｃｕｎｅａｔｉｓｖｅｌｓｕｂｒｏｔｕｎｄａｔｉ…     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.