国产野生薄荷挥发油化学组分变异及其化学型

采用气－质联用的方法,对国产野生薄荷（ＭｅｎｔｈａｈａｐｌｏｃａｌｙｘＢｒｉｑ．）居群的挥发油成分进行了分析,２２个样品可归纳为６个化学型：（１）薄荷酮－胡薄荷酮型（ｍｅｎｔｈｏｎｅ－ｐｕｌｅｇｏｎｅｔｙｐｅ）;（２）胡椒酮型（ｐｉｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅｔｙｐｅ）;（３）氧化胡椒酮－氧化胡椒烯酮型（ｐｉｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅｏｘｉｄｅ－ｐｉｐｅｒｉｔｅｎｏｎｅｏｘｉｄｅｔｙｐｅ）;（４）芳樟醇－氧化胡椒酮型（ｌｉｎａｌｏｏｌ－ｐｉｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅｏｘｉｄｅｔｙｐｅ）;（５）香芹酮型（ｃａｒｖｏｎｅｔｙｐｅ）;（６）薄荷醇－乙酸薄荷酯型（ｍｅｎｔｈｏｌ－ｍｅｎｔｈｙｌａｃｅｔａｔｅｔｙｐｅ）。结合地理分布和薄荷属单萜类成分生物合成途径,对上述主要类型进行了讨论。     

东北薄荷的化学型

东北薄荷的化学型桂新,周自新（安徽中医学院中药系合肥２３００３８）（南京市卫生防疫站南京２１０００３）周荣汉（中国药科大学植物化学分类研究室南京２１００３８）ＣｈｅｍｏｔｙｐｅｓｏｆＭｅｎｔｈａｓａｃｈａｌｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＫｕｄｏ￥Ｃｈｏｕ－Ｘｉｎ（Ａ...     

亚洲薄荷的两个化学型

亚洲薄荷的两个化学型桂新,周荣汉（安徽中医学院中药系合肥２３００３８）（中国药科大学植物化学分类研究室南京２１００３８）ＴｗｏｃｈｅｍｏｔｙｐｅｓｏｆＭｅｎｔｈａａｓｉａｆｉｃａＢｏｒｉｓｓ￥ＣｈｏｕＧｕｉ－Ｘｉｎ（ＡｎｈｕｉＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＴｒａ...     

不同地区野生薄荷挥发油的比较

本文采用顶空气相色谱法对广西、云南、河北、江苏四个地区的薄荷(Mentha haplocalyx Briq.)精油的成分进行分析比较。共检测了84种化学成分,多以烯、醇及酮类物质组成。江苏样品主要由蒎稀(11.10%)、d-柠檬稀(42.30%)和胡薄荷酮(25.50%)组成;广西样品主要有香芹酮(25.46%)、d-柠檬稀(28.75%)和桉油素(14.91%)组成;云南和河北在主要成分上相似,云南样品主要有蒎稀(22%)、d-柠檬稀(18.45%)和桉油素(16.96%)组成;河北样品主要由蒎稀(23%)和d-柠檬稀(33.33%)和桉油素(12.45%)组成。研究发现不同地区薄荷精油的组成受环境影响较大,江苏薄荷胡薄荷酮含量较高,广西薄荷含香芹酮较高,云南和河北主要成分相似,组成比例不同。     

逍遥颗粒中薄荷挥发油提取工艺研究

目的：优选逍遥颗粒中薄荷挥发油的最佳提取工艺。方法：采用水蒸气提取法提取逍遥颗粒中薄荷挥发油,以挥发油提出量为评价指标,采用单因素法结合正交试验设计优选最佳提取工艺。结果：逍遥颗粒中薄荷挥发油的最佳提取工艺为：加水12倍量,浸泡4 h后,提取4 h。结论：本次实验结果可以为逍遥颗粒中薄荷挥发油提取工艺的确定提供科学依据。     

挥发油提取后薄荷地上部分的化学成分

中药薄荷为唇形科植物薄荷(M entha haplocalyxB riq.)的干燥地上部分,又称接骨草、野薄荷。薄荷性凉味辛,具有疏散风热、清头目和透疹之功效,常用于治疗风热感冒、风温初起、头痛、目赤、喉痹、口疮、风疹、麻疹及胸肋胀闷等症[1],且对消化、中枢、生殖及呼吸系统等有明显的药     

小茴香挥发油的成分

小茴香(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)为伞形科茴香属植物。成熟果实不仅为上等调味品,而且是传统中药,具有理气和胃、祛寒止疼等作用。小茴香的嫩枝叶是人们喜爱的蔬菜,民间用其治疗胃病、风湿痛和疝痛。德国民间还用小茴香治疗肝病。小茴香是一种适应力很强的作物,在我国南北各地均有种植。为了开发和利用我国丰富的小茴香资源,我们研究了小茴香挥发油的化学成分。     

阿魏属挥发油成分及其分类学意义

利用ＧＣＭＳ计算机联用方法从我国阿魏属（ＦｅｒｕｌａＬ．）１５种１变种根部挥发油中分离鉴定出２１４种成分,其中广布成分有２２种。挥发油成分中８０％是萜类,其次是多硫化合物。萜类中主要有单萜和倍半萜两大类,均以环化结构成分为主。通过全成分和萜类成分的多种聚类分析,对样品进行归类,结合形态特征、核型、黄酮成分等已有资料以及地理分布,讨论了挥发油成分在阿魏属分类中的意义,同时对所分析种类进行了类群划分和调整     

连翘挥发油成分分析

从连翘果实中提取了挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用法分析其挥发油的化学成分,鉴定出β-蒎烯、香桧烯、α-蒎烯等56个化合物,并用气相色谱测定了挥发油中各成分的相对含量,其鉴定率达93.37％。     

不同产地红花的挥发油成分

不同产地红花的挥发油成分郭美丽张汉明张芝玉苏中武（第二军医大学药学院,上海２００４３３）Ｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｅｎｔｓｏｆｅｓｅｎｔｉａｌｏｉｌｆｒｏｍｓａｆｆｌｏｗｅｒ（ＣａｒｔｈａｍｕｓｔｉｎｃｔｏｒｉｕｓＬ．）ｉｎｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｌｏｃａｌｉ...     

心叶留兰香的挥发油成分

心叶留兰香的挥发油成分周自新, 桂新（南京市卫生防疫站,南京２１０００３）（安徽中医学院中药系,合肥２３００３８）Ｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｏｉｌｓｆｒｏｍｍｅｎｔｈａｃｏｒｄｉｆｏｌｉａ￥ＺｈｏｕＺｉ－Ｘ?..     

Cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of Mentha x villosa in DOCA-salt-hypertensive rats.

The present study investigated the effects of chronic treatment with deoxycorticosterone-acetate (DOCA)-salt on cardiovascular responses to intravenous (i.v.) injection of the essential oil of Mentha x villosa (EOMV) in conscious rats. In both DOCA-salt-hypertensive and uninephrectomized control, conscious rats, i.v. bolus injections of EOMV (1 to 20 mg/kg body wt.) decreased mean aortic pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with DOCA-salt significantly enhanced EOMV-induced decreases in MAP, without affecting bradycardia. Likewise, both maximal percent and absolute decreases in MAP elicited by i.v. injection of the ganglion blocker, hexamethonium (30 mg/kg body wt.), were significantly greater in DOCA-salt-hypertensive than in control rats. In DOCA-salt-hypertensive rats, i.v. pretreatment with hexamethonium (30 mg/kg body wt.) reduced the bradycardia elicited by EOMV (1 to 20 mg/kg body wt.) without affecting the enhancement of EOMV-induced hypotension. These results show that i.v. treatment with EOMV decreases blood pressure in conscious DOCA-salt-hypertensive rats dose-dependently, and that this action is enhanced when compared with uninephrectomized controls. This enhancement could be related mainly to an increase in EOMV-induced vascular smooth muscle relaxation, rather than to enhanced sympathetic nervous system activity in this hypertensive model.     

Effect of Mentha piperita and Cuminum cyminum essential oil on Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae

Essential oils are one of the known plant materials for insect pest control. The studies about essential oils application for control of insect pest population has been started in recent years. This study aims to investigate repellency effect and fumigant toxicity of Mentha piperita and Cuminum cyminum essential oil on Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae. The results showed that the mortality rate of adult insects was increased with increase in essential oil concentration. The highest pest mortality rate in the case of M. piperita and C. cyminum on T. castaneum and S. oryzae was 64, 68, 82 and 78%, respectively. The average insect mortality was significantly different in various concentrations in most of the treatments. Amounts of LC₅₀ were 0.421, 0.271, 0.135 and 0.136 (ml/ml) for M. piperita and C. cyminum essential oil on T. castaneum and S. oryzae, respectively. Different concentrations of M. piperita and C. cyminum essential oil had different repellency effect on T. castaneum and S. oryzae. Repellency effect was increased with increase in essential oil concentration, and the highest repellency effect was belonged to the highest concentration. Essential oils of M. piperita and C. cyminum caused 61.2 and 66.4% repellency on T. castaneum. Meanwhile, their effect was found to be 55.2 and 60.4% repellency on S. oryzae at the highest concentration.     

薄荷油超临界CO2萃取条件的优化和筛选

以样品中的薄荷脑含量为指标,通过单因素和正交实验对影响薄荷(Mentha haplocalyx Briq.)油超临界CO2萃取的因素进行研究,筛选出薄荷油超临界CO2萃取的最佳条件.研究结果表明,影响样品中薄荷脑萃取率的因素从大到小依次为萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、CO2流量.样品中薄荷脑含量最高的超临界CO2萃取条件为萃取压力10 MPa、萃取温度50℃、CO2流量30 L·h-1且萃取时间1.5 h.     

滇西香茅挥发油的化学成分

滇西香茅(Cymbopogon khasiamus(Hack.)Stapf ex Bor)为禾本科植物,分布于印度及缅甸,该植物过去在中国无分布记载,作者在云南首次发现。其挥发油为主要有效成分,当地与芸香草(Cymbopogon distans(Steud)Wats.)混用。为合理开发和利用该种植物,对挥发油的化学成分进行了分析。     

我国樟属精油资源研究近况

概述我国樟属（ＣｉｎｎａｍｏｍｕｍＢｌ．）植物资源的地理分布与现状,近年我国樟属枝叶精油化学成分及化学类型的研究以及枝叶蒸油取脑的精油开发新途径,研究结果表明,建立单一化学类型种植基地,可确保生产高质量樟属精油,同时也能保护樟属化学类型的种质资源。     

薄荷精油抗菌活性研究

采用气相色谱—质谱联用仪分析了薄荷精油的成分,在鉴定出的21种成分中,异佛尔酮(41.22%)、β-石竹烯(10.01%)、斯巴醇(2.89%)、β-蒎烯(1.45%)和桉树脑(1.13%)为主要成分。采用琼脂扩散法和微量肉汤稀释法对薄荷精油的抗菌活性进行了研究。结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌及变形杆菌出现最大的抑菌环。MIC实验中,薄荷精油的浓度范围为5.00%~0.039%。在所选的8种菌种中,变形杆菌的MIC及MBC值最低,分别为0.625%及1.25%。结果充分证明,薄荷精油对于所选的8种病原菌都有很好的抗菌活性,在食品及制药工业中有广阔的应用前景。