Identification of a Novel Polymorphism in Bovine lncRNA ADNCR Gene and Its Association with Growth Traits

Adipocyte differentiation-associated long noncoding RNA (ADNCR) is a newly discovered lncRNA. It plays function by targeting miR-204 to significantly regulates the expression of the target SIRT1 gene in preadipocytes both at the level of mRNA and protein, thereby inhibiting adipogenesis. The tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR (T-ARMS-PCR) strategy is fast and accuracy at a negligible cost for SNP genotyping in large samples. In the study, a novel SNP g.1263T>A in intron 1 of bovine ADNCR gene was found. Herein, the T-ARMS-PCR assay was applied to detect the genotypes of the novel SNP of bovine ADNCR gene in 1017 individuals from seven cattle breeds and validated the accuracy by DNA sequencing assay of ninety animals representing three different genotypes. The concordance between two different methods was 100%. The association analysis indicated that this locus was significantly associated with the body weight (P?=?0.010), chest girth (P?=?0.014) and rump length (P?=?0.038) in Jinnan cattle, hucklebone width (P?=?0.032) in Qinchuan cattle, the cannon circumference (P?=?0.019) in Jinjiang cattle, respectively. These novel findings may be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and contribute to the performance of beef cattle in the future.     

生长激素基因多态性与山羊体重性状的关系

以鲁北白山羊、波尔山羊以及波尔山羊与鲁北白山羊的杂交一代、回交一代共计224只山羊为材料,根据山羊生长激素基因5′调控区的序列(GenBank登录号:D00476)设计两对引物,用PCRSSCP法进行多态性分析。多态性片段的纯合基因型经克隆测序,发现共有5处突变。对突变位点产生的不同基因型与体重、体尺性状进行分析表明:第一对引物扩增片段波尔山羊AA型个体的初生重、周岁重显著高于BB型和AB型(P<0.05);杂交一代中断奶重、周岁重也以AA型偏高,但不同基因型间的差异均不显著(P>0.05);而鲁北白山羊BB基因型的体重相对于另外两种基因型的偏低,且断奶重的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。第二对引物扩增片段不同基因型对体重、体尺没有显著影响。由此初步推断生长激素基因可能是影响山羊体重性状的主基因或与主基因相连锁,可以用该位点对山羊体重性状进行标记辅助选择。     

Gene Expression and Polymorphism of Myostatin Gene and its Association with Growth Traits in Chicken

Myostatin is a member of TGF-β super family and is directly involved in regulation of body growth through limiting muscular growth. A study was carried out in three chicken lines to identify the polymorphism in the coding region of the myostatin gene through SSCP and DNA sequencing. A total of 12 haplotypes were observed in myostatin coding region of chicken. Significant associations between haplogroups with body weight at day 1, 14, 28, and 42 days, and carcass traits at 42 days were observed across the lines. It is concluded that the coding region of myostatin gene was polymorphic, with varied levels of expression among lines and had significant effects on growth traits. The expression of MSTN gene varied during embryonic and post hatch development stage.     

Polymorphism in the Prolactin Promoter and Its Association with Growth Traits in Chickens

The pituitary hormone prolactin has a wide variety of functions involving growth, behavioral, and ovarian activities in chickens. The objectives of the present study were to identify polymorphisms in the prolactin promoter and estimate their effects on growth traits in White Leghorn chickens. Among 28 haplotypes found, the h1 haplotype was predominant. Body weight at 16 and 64 weeks and age at sexual maturity were significantly associated with haplotype combinations (P < 0.05). The h1/h1 haplogroup showed the highest body weight at 16 weeks of age, and h1/h7 was the highest at 64 weeks. The lowest age at sexual maturity was found in birds with the h1/h6 haplotype combination, and mRNA expression of prolactin was lowest in h1/h4 birds and highest in h1/h5 birds. The prolactin promoter was highly polymorphic and had significant associations with growth traits in White Leghorn chickens.     

苏姜猪OLR1基因多态性及其与肉质性状的关联分析

探讨OLR1基因在苏姜猪群内的遗传多态性,以及该基因多态对苏姜猪猪肉质性状的影响。采用PCR-RFLP技术检测OLR1基因在苏姜猪试验群体中的PstⅠ酶切遗传多态性,运用单因素方差分析方法分析了该多态位点对苏姜猪肉质性状的影响。结果发现,苏姜猪试验群体OLR1基因内含子5区域内发现一个PstⅠ酶切多态性,检测到CC、CD和DD三种基因型,多态信息含量呈现中度多态性。CC型与DD型个体的肌肉失水率、大理石纹间的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),CD型个体用色差仪测得的b值显著高于DD型(P<0.05)。因此,检测到的OLR1基因PCR-RFLP-PstⅠ多态性与大理石纹等肉质性状存在着显著的相关关系,可以作为肉质性状候选基因在苏姜猪的持续选育中加以应用。     

Novel SNPs of the Caprine Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (GHSR) Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits in Goats

Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), a G protein-coupled receptor that binds ghrelin, plays an important role in the central regulation of pituitary growth hormone secretion, food intake, and energy homeostasis. This study analyzed polymorphism of the caprine GHSR gene as a genetic marker candidate for growth traits in goats. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (GU014697:g.165G→A and GU014697:g.548T→C) were identified in exon 2 of the caprine GHSR gene by PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing methods. Their associations with growth traits were analyzed in 313 Xuhuai goats. The results indicated that GU014697:g.548T→C had significant effects on growth traits. Body length and body length index were significantly higher in individuals with genotype TT than CC and CT in (P < 0.05). TT individuals also tended to have better performance in other traits, such as body height and chest circumference, although there were no statistical differences (P > 0.05). This suggests that GHSR is a strong candidate gene that affects growth traits in goats.     

脂肪细胞分泌蛋白质Acrp30及其生理功能

脂肪组织是人体最大的能量储存库,在需要时动用储存的脂肪,向机体供能。脂肪组织同时也是一个极其重要的分泌器官。Acrp30(adipocyte complete related protein 30 kD,)就是由脂肪组织分泌的一种活性蛋白质,参与能量代谢、炎症反应等生理过程,与肥胖、Ⅱ型糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化、心血管疾病等疾病有密切的关系。     

鸡A-FABP基因多态性分析及其与脂肪性状的

以北京油鸡为试验材料,对A-FABP基因进行单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)检测和基因型与性状的关联分析。方差分析结果表明,不同基因型间腹脂率、皮脂厚、肌内脂肪含量差异极显著(P<0.01),体重在不同基因型间差异不显著(P >0.05)。由此推测,A-FABP可能为影响鸡脂肪代谢的主效基因或与主效基因相连锁。     

牛FSHR基因第10外显子单核苷酸多态性及其与双胎性状的关系

以秦川牛和荷斯坦奶牛的双胎母牛和单胎母牛为实验材料 ,以牛的FSHR基因的第 10个外显子作为标记牛双胎性状的候选基因 ,用SNP法进行了多态检测 .结果发现 ,在秦川牛的双胎母牛中突变率 6 0 % (6 10 ) ,而在单胎母牛中突变率为 2 0 % (2 10 ) ;在荷斯坦奶牛中 ,双胎母牛突变率为31 2 5 % (5 16 ) ,单胎母牛突变率为 6 6 7% (1 15 ) ;由此可见双胎牛和单胎牛二者之间FSHR基因的第 10个外显子的突变率差异明显 .这表明 ,选择FSHR基因的第 10个外显子有可能作为双胎性状的候选基因 .序列分析发现 ,在FSHR基因的第 15 0 6位碱基发生了突变 (T→C) ,但氨基酸没有发生变化 .     

牛ACAD8基因结构及其多态性与生产性状的关联分析

乙酰辅酶A脱氢酶(ACAD)是由核基因编码存在于线粒体中黄色酶的一个家族,它催化脂肪酸的α和β-氧化,该家族第八成员负责催化缬氨酸分解代谢。本研究中获得了牛的ACAD8基因的mRNA和基因组DNA序列并通过基因组DNA与mRNA的比对确定了其基因结构。其mRNA序列包含一个1,251 bp的开放阅读框,一个37 bp 的5′非翻译区和一个 444 bp 的 3′非翻译区;其基因组DNA全长13,814 bp,包含11个外显子和10个内含子。我们从样本中随机选取6个个体进行扩增测序,结果表明牛的ACAD8基因13,408位(GenBank登录号:DQ435445)一个A-G单核苷酸多态。运用PCR-RFLP对不同的基因型进行了区分。对该SNP与来自5个品种共178头无亲缘关系的牛的生产性状进行了关联分析,结果表明:该A-G单核苷酸多态对日增重和嫩度有显著影响(P < 0.05)。具有G等位基因的牛比具有A等位基因的牛生长较快,其肉质也较嫩。因此,牛ACAD8基因在该位点的单核苷酸多态可以作为提高生长速度和牛肉嫩度的标记。     

Association between BMP15 Gene Polymorphism and Reproduction Traits and Its Tissues Expression Characteristics in Chicken

BMP15 (Bone morphogenetic protein 15) is an oocyte-secreted growth factor required for ovarian follicle development and ovulation in mammals, but its effects on reproduction in chickens are unclear. In this study, the association between BMP15 polymorphisms and reproduction traits were analyzed, and its expression characteristics in different tissues were explored in LaiWu Black chickens. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in four hundred LaiWu Black chickens. One SNP (NC_006091.3:g.1773T>C) located in exon 2 which was significantly associated with egg weight at first egg (EWFE) (P = 0.0389), was novel. Diplotypes based on the three SNPs were found to be significantly associated with egg weight at age of 43W (EW43) (P = 0.0058). The chickens with H3H3 diplotype had their first egg 0.57 days later than chickens with H5H5 diplotype and 1.21 days-3.96 days earlier than the other five diplotype chickens. The egg production at age of 43W (E43), egg production at age of 46W (E46) and egg production at age of 48W (E48) for chickens with H3H3 diplotype were the highest among all the chickens, and the E48 of chickens with H3H3 diplotype had 11.83 eggs higher than chickens with H1H5 diplotype. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression level of BMP15 gene in ovarian follicle was in the order of 4 mm>6 mm -8 mm> 15 mm -19 mm> 23 mm -29 mm > 33 mm -34 mm in diameter. The mRNA level in follicles of 4 mm and 6–8 mm in diameter were significantly higher than that in the other follicles (P<0.01). In the same week, the highest mRNA level was found in the ovary, and it was significantly different from that found in the liver and oviduct (P<0.01). Our results indicate that BMP15 plays a vital role in the development of ovary and follicles, especially in the development of primary follicles. H3H3 may be an potential advantageous molecular marker for improving reproduction traits in chickens.     

兴义鸭LPL基因外显子8多态性与生长和肉质性状的关联性分析

脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)是动物脂质沉积和新陈代谢的关键酶,对生长和肉质发挥着重要作用。试验采用PCR-SSCP法和DNA直接测序技术相结合对兴义鸭L PL基因外显子8进行多态性检测,并分析其多态与生长和肉质性状的关联性。结果表明,在兴义鸭L PL基因外显子8首次检测到1个T1251C同义突变,产生三种基因型TT、TC和CC,2个等位基因T和C,基因型TT和等位基因T的频率分别为0.8077和0.8750,多态信息含量为0.1948,表现为低度多态,卡方(字2)检验表明T1251C位点的基因型分布在兴义鸭中未偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。最小二乘分析显示,TT基因型个体的宰前体重显著低于CC基因型(p<0.05),胸宽显著低于TC基因型(p<0.05),推测等位基因C可能是兴义鸭生长性状的有利等位基因,可作为生长性状的一个标记性辅助选择位点。     

Novel SNPs of the Bovine LEPR Gene and Their Association with Growth Traits

In this study, polymorphism in the bovine LEPR gene exon 4 was detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing methods in 653 individuals from five Chinese cattle breeds. Two haplotypes (M and N), three observed genotypes (MM, MN, and NN), and five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (NC_007301:g.26767T>C, NC_007301:g.26805C>T, NC_007301:g.27050A>G, NC_007301:g.27063G>A, NC_007301:g.27079G>A) were detected. The frequencies of haplotypes M and N in the five breeds were 0.661-0.747 and 0.253-0.339, respectively. The SNP locus was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in Nanyang, Jiaxian red, Angus, and Jinnan cattle (P > 0.05) and was in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium in Qinchuan cattle (P < 0.05). Polymorphism of the LEPR gene was shown to be associated with growth traits in the Nanyang breed. The SNP in the bovine LEPR gene had significant effects on body height, body length, body weight, heart girth, and average daily gain at 6 and 12 months old (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Therefore, these results suggest that the LEPR gene is a strong candidate gene that affects growth traits in cattle.     

中外六个猪种FUT1基因多态性研究

目的对6个中外猪种共245头猪的FUT1基因进行了研究。方法采用PCR-RFLP技术。结果与结论Hin6I位点上,大白猪、长白猪、杜洛克猪3个外来猪种均存在多态,且以敏感型（GG型和AG型）居多;山西黑猪、太原花猪、马身猪3个本地猪种的所有检测样品都表现为GG型。     

Microsatellite Variability and Its Relationship with Growth, Egg Production, and Immunocompetence Traits in Chickens

Variability of microsatellites and a possible relationship with growth, egg production, and immunocompetence traits were estimated for six crossbred chicken populations of White Leghorn. Nine microsatellite markers were explored; an association study used the least square maximum-likelihood method on 170 birds of six genetic groups. Seven microsatellites were polymorphic, with two to four alleles. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of five markers was more than 52%. Microsatellites MCW0041, ADL0210, and MCW0110 were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with egg production traits. Genotype 33 of MCW0041 had the highest egg production, up to 64 and 72 weeks of age. Genotypes 11 and 13 of this marker produced the lowest number of eggs. The heterozygous genotype 34 of ADL0210 had the highest egg production, up to 52, 64, and 72 weeks of age. Homozygote 11 of MCW0110 produced the highest number of eggs, up to 28 weeks of age. MCW0041 was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with body weight at 28 and 40 weeks of age. No microsatellite was significantly associated with egg weight at any age, with age at sexual maturity, or with immune response to sheep RBC.     

Polymorphism in Exons of the Myostatin Gene and Its Relationship with Body Weight Traits in the Bian Chicken

In our research, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of exon regions of the myostatin gene were detected by PCR-SSCP in the Bian chicken and three reference chicken populations (Jinghai, Youxi, and Arbor Acre). Four novel SNPs (G2283A, C7552T, C7638T, and T7661A) were detected. The findings from the least square means showed that Bian chickens with EE and DE genotypes had significantly higher body weight, at 6-18?weeks of age, than those of the DD genotype (P?相似文献   

乐至黑山羊PRLR基因外显子10多态性与产羔数的关系研究

设计2对特异性引物对乐至黑山羊PRLR基因第10外显子进行了PCR-SSCP检测,并研究该基因与产子性能的相关性。结果表明,P1引物扩增片段不存在多态性;P2引物扩增片段存在多态性,表现为AA,AB,AD和CD 4种基因型,测序结果表明,4种基因型都在该片段第89、94、146和157位存在C→T、A→C、C→G、G→C的突变;此外AA型还在61位发生C→T的突变;AD型还在175位发生A→G的突变;CD型还在24位发生T→C的突变,96位发生C→T的突变,通过统计分析发现AD型平均产羔数优于其他3种基因型,并且与AB型差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。因此认为PRLR基因对于乐至黑山羊产子性能有一定的影响。