·遗传咨询·

1．多囊肾的遗传 问：我有家族多囊肾遗传史,自己双肾有囊肿,现在怀孕29周,胎儿彩超双肾大,有回声,医生判定为多囊肾,我如果不要这胎,再怀孕,有不遗传的可能吗？     

哈罗德·埃利奥特·瓦姆斯

1939年12月18日,哈罗德·埃利奥特·瓦姆斯（Harold Eliot Varmus）出生于美国纽约东南部的欧申赛德社区,是犹太人的后裔。瓦姆斯的父亲弗兰克是纽约的一位家庭医生,母亲是当地一位精神病学方面的社会工作者,因此瓦姆斯的童年就在纽约度过。1957年,瓦姆斯进入到阿姆赫斯特学院进行医学预科班的学习,1961年,凭借一篇关于狄更斯的文学而获得文学学士学位。毕业后瓦姆斯甚至考虑将来可以将文学作为自己的职业,并于1962年又获得哈佛大学英语文学的硕士学位。     

马克·史蒂文·普塔什尼

分子生物学的任务之一就是研究基因的表达,无论是低等的细菌,还是高等的哺乳动物甚至人,在特定的情况下只有部分基因表达,同时另外的部分则不表达,甚至在一个细胞内部的基因表达也存在这种状况,很自然基因开关的研究就成为生命科学领域最基本的问题之一。上世纪60年代,对该问题的研究深入到了分子水平,其中1967年哈佛大学的马克·史蒂文·普塔什尼（Mark Steven Ptashne）阻遏蛋白的发现掀开了该领域崭新的一页。     

Orthotrichum dentatum T.Kiebacher & Lüth sp. nov. (Orthotrichaceae)

A new species of Orthotrichum, O. dentatum T.Kiebacher & Lüth, is described from the European Alps. The new species belongs to the subgenus Pulchella (Schimp.) Vitt, section Diaphana Vent. Orthotrichum dentatum is similar to O. schimperi Hammar but differs from the latter in that it features a hairy calyptra, denticulate to dentate leaf apices and strongly keeled leaves. Orthotrichum dentatum grows as an epiphyte on a variety of deciduous trees. So far, the new species has only been found in Italy and Switzerland.     

Triterpenoid saponins from Albizia boromoensis Aubrév. & Pellegr

As part of our search of new bioactive saponins from Cameroonian medicinal plants, phytochemical investigation of the roots of Albizia boromoensis led to the isolation of four new oleanane-type saponins, named boromoenosides A–D (1–4). Their structures were established by direct interpretation of their spectral data, mainly HRESIMS, 1D NMR (¹H, ¹³C NMR, and DEPT) and 2D NMR (COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC), and by comparison with the literature data. All isolated saponins were assayed for their cytotoxicity against U-87 MG human glioblastoma cell lines and TG1 glioblastoma stem-like cells with no positive activity detected.