黑蛋巢菌属的新种、新变种及国内新记录

本文报道黑蛋巢菌属Cyathus Haller:Pers.一新种——潞西黑蛋巢Cyathus luxiensis T.X.Zhou,J.Yu et Y.H.Chen,一新变种——非洲黑蛋巢宽孢变种Cyathus africanus H.J.Brodie var.latisporus Y.H.Chen et J.Yu 和一新记录型——壶黑蛋巢布诺德变型Cyathus olla (Batch) Pers .f. brodiensis Shinners et Tewari。给出了每个分类单元的宏观、微观特征图。新种、新变种的模式标本保存于西南林学院真菌标本室(MHSFC)。     

双月藻,绿球藻目的一新属

我们在1973年鉴定上海、浙江、湖北等省市的藻类标本时,发现一特殊类型的藻类。在1974年,又在我所第14号鱼池中发现此种藻类大量存在。       

十字花科一新属——泡果荠属

岩荠属泡果荠组植物(Cochlearia L.Sect.Hilliella O.E.Schulz)不仅在体态上而且在其它一系列特征特别是具泡状突起的果实特征上极不同于狭义的岩荠属(Cohc-learia L.s.str.),松蓝叶岩荠属[Glaucocochlearia(O.E.Schulz)Pobed.],以及拟常绿岩荠属[Pseudosempervium(Boiss)Grossh.]。这些特征看来可以作为建立一新属的根据,因此将其提升为一独立的属并把这一组的8个种组合到新属中去。     

四川杜鹃花属一新种和一新变种

本种和锈红杜鹃R.bureavii Franch.相近,但本种的小枝和叶柄密被分枝长柔毛,花萼较短,仅长2.5-3毫米,花较大,花冠长4-4.5厘米,花柱中部以下密被长柔毛和长柄腺体,易于区别。     

A NEW,HETEROTHALLIC SPECIES OF SORDARIA

Olive , L. S., and A. A. Fantini . (Columbia U., New York, N. Y.) A new, heterothallic species of Sordaria. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(2): 124–128. Illus. 1961.—S. brevicollis, sp. nov., was isolated from zebra dung from the New York Zoological Park. It is the only species of the genus that has been found to be heterothallic and to have microconidia. The latter function readily in fertilization. Heterothallism is controlled by a single allelic pair of compatibility factors located about 14.2 crossover units from the centromere. Incomplete mating reactions involving this species, Gelasinospora autosteira, and Neurospora crassa indicate relationships among these 3 genera.     

PARMALES,A NEW ORDER OF MARINE CHRYSOPHYTES,WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW GENERA AND SEVEN NEW SPECIES1,2

A new order, Parmales, in the Chrysophyceae has cells with siliceous walls made up of round, triradiate and sometimes oblong plates all fitting edge to edge. In the new family, Octolaminaceae, cell walls have eight plates. Cell walls in the new genus Tetraparma have four round plates and four triradiate plates. Cell walls in the new genus Triparma have three round plates of equal size, one larger round plate, one triradiate plate and three oblong plates. In the new family, Pentalaminaceae, cell walls have three round and two triradiate plates. A total of seven new species and four subspecies are described from subarctic Pacific and Antarctic waters.     

条鳅亚科鱼类一新属新种

本文描述了云南省条鳅亚科鱼类一新属和一新种。根据形态特征并结合区系间的相互关系,探讨了属的分类地位。     

鼠兔属一新种

1983和1985年作者在新疆尼勒克县境内的天山山区采到3只体型较大的鼠兔,其额部和顶部及颈侧有锈棕色斑;其耳长和后足长均为鼠兔属(Ochotona)已知各种中最大者;额骨较平坦,眶间宽达5.3毫米,大于颅基长的11％。经鉴定为一新种,订名为伊犁鼠兔Ochotona iliensis Li et Ma sp.     

核盘菌属一新种——人参核盘菌

本文报道了采自人参(Panax ginseng C. A．Mey (保留名nom. Coiiscry))的核盘菌属一新种——人参核盘菌(Sclerotinla．Ginseng Wang C. R.,C. F. Chen et J. Chen)。该种在形态学以及可溶性蛋白、果胶(甲)酯酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶谱带等方面,均不同于已知种核盘菌(S. sclerotiorum (Lib．)de Bary),小核盘菌(S. minor Jagger)车轴草核盘菌(S．Trifoliorum Erikss．)和细辛核盘菌(S．Asari Wu et C．R. Wang)。模式标本(800719)保存于沈阳农业大学植物免疫研究室。     

CATENOPHLYCTIS,A NEW GENUS OF THE CATENARIACEAE

Catenophlyctis gen. nov. is established in the family Catenariaceae to include the fungus previously known as Phlyctorhiza variabilis Karling. This ubiquitous saprophyte was formerly included in the genus Phlyctorhiza Hanson of the Chytridiales on the grounds that its eucarpic thallus is predominantly monocentric and because it develops usually from an enlargement of the germ tube. Additional studies on this species in India have confirmed the previous observations that the thallus of some strains frequently becomes extensively polycentric and Catenaria-like. Also, its zoospores have been found to be similar in structure to those of species of the Catenariaceae. Accordingly, this species cannot be retained in Phlyctorhiza as Hanson defined the genus, and it is transferred from the Chytridiales to a new genus of the family Catenariaceae in the order Blastocladiales.     

油料植物一新属——蒜头果属

萼小,4深裂。花瓣4片,下位,镊合状排列,内面下部有棉毛,先端内折。雄蕊为花瓣数的两倍;花丝丝状;花药线状,直立,腰着,纵向开裂。子房上位,下部2室,近顶端1室;花柱不分枝;柱头近头状,微2裂;胚珠在每室内有1颗,线状,悬垂。核果扁球形,基部稍收狭,果肉肉质,核木质,有种子1颗;种子球形或扁球形,附着在核内部顶端;胚乳丰富,多少肉质。     

霜霉属菌一新种——微孔草霜霉

本文报道寄生于甘青微孔草(Microula pseudotrichocarpa W.T.Wang)和疏花微孔草[M.diffusa(Maxim.)Johnst.]上的霜霉属一新种——微孔草霜霉(Peronospora microulaeMeng et G.Y.Yin)。以汉文和拉丁文描述此新种的形态性状,并。附图     

盘梗霉属一新种——甜菜盘梗霉

本文报道了寄生于藜科(Chenopodiaccae)甜菜(Beta. Vulgaris L．)上的盘梗霉属一新种——甜菜盘梗霉(Bremia betae sp. Nov.)。对此新种作了汉文和拉丁文描述．     

球针壳属一新种和一新组合

本文报道了球针壳属(Phyllactinia)的一个新种和一个新组合,即寄生于杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)吊钟花属(ENkianthus)灯笼花(E.chinensis Franch)上的灯笼花球针壳(Phyllactiniaenkianthi z.y. zhao sp. nov.)和寄生于茶藨子科(Grossulariaceae)茶藨子(Ribes sp.)上的茶藨子球针壳(Phyllactinia ribesii(Jacz.)z. y. zhao comb. nov.)。上述新分类单位均有汉文和拉丁文描述,新分类单位与近似种有汉文讨论。     

粉褶蕈属一新亚属和一新种

本文描述了粉褶蕈属Entoloma 1个具有被结晶囊状体的特殊新种,并为此建立了1个新亚属。新亚属为结晶囊粉褶蕈亚属Metuloidoentoloma,新种为结晶囊粉褶蕈Entoloma metuloideum。文中有上述新亚属及新种的拉丁文及英文描述。模式标本(HMIGD 18773)采于广东省南岭国家级自然保护区,保藏于广东省微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMIGD)内。