蓝狐细小病毒的分离鉴定及其VP1 基因序列分析

从泰安地区送检的疑是细小病毒感染的蓝狐粪便中分离到一株病毒。经理化特性鉴定、血凝谱鉴定、人
工感染蓝狐等鉴定,表明所分离病毒为细小病毒。并且根据GenBank 上发表的犬细小病毒(Canine parvovirus,
CPV)、猫细小病毒(Feline parvovirus,FPV)核酸序列,设计扩增VP1 基因的引物,采用PCR 技术扩增所分离
细小病毒的VP1 全基因,将PCR 产物克隆入pMD18 - T 载体,进行测序分析。结果,所分离细小病毒的VP1 基
因全长2 256 bp,编码727 个氨基酸,与CPV 和FPV 参照株的VP1 基因同源性在98. 7% ～ 99. 5% 。VP1 基因的
系统发生分析表明所分离病毒与FPV 的亲源关系最为密切。所分离病毒VP1 蛋白375 位氨基酸残基与CPV 的
VP1 蛋白氨基酸残基一致,但其223 位、236 位、246 位、466 位、707 位、711 位氨基酸残基与FPV VP1 蛋白的
氨基酸残基一致,该病毒VP1 蛋白序列表现出了过渡型序列特征,介于FPV 与CPV 间的过渡类型,这说明所分离病毒为蓝狐细小病毒(Blue fox parvovirus,BFPV),命名为BFPV - TA,蓝狐可能在CPV 的起源过程起到重要
的作用。     

黄瓜花叶病毒香蕉株系(CMV-Xb)RNA3 cDNA的克隆和序列分析

通过RT-PCR方法,设计两对引物,克隆了黄瓜花叶病毒香蕉株系(CMV-Xb)RNA3,并进行了核苷酸和蛋白质水平上的分析.结果表明Xb株系RNA3全长2205nt,具有两个蛋白编码阅读框架(ORF),其中5'端(97～936nt)编码一个279aa的3a蛋白;3'端(1225～1871nt)编码一个218aa的CP蛋白.5'非编码区域为96nt;基因间隔区(IR)长288nt;3'NR含有324nt.通过与亚组Ⅱ其它株系RNA3核苷酸和所编码产物推导的氨基酸序列分析发现,亚组Ⅱ株系无论在编码区还是非编码区的核苷酸同源性都相对较高;亚组Ⅱ株系在进化过程中具有连续性.     

犬细小病毒中国内蒙株VP2基因克隆及序列分析

从我国内蒙古地区流行的犬细小病毒病病犬的肠溶物中分离提纯犬细小病毒(CPV).提取病毒基因组DNA,并以此DNA为模板,采用人工合成的引物进行PCR 扩增,PCR产物经BamHI、SacI双酶切后,克隆于pUC19质粒的BamHI/Sac I位点.重组质粒pUCVP2经PCR鉴定、限制酶切分析和序列分析,结果表明:获得了犬细小病毒内蒙株(CPV-IM)VP2基因的全长克隆, VP2基因全长1755nt,与国外报道的美国1株(CPV-N)、美国2株(CPV-B)和猫全白细胞减少症病毒(FPLV)的核苷酸序列同源性分别为99.32%、98.29%、98.52%,氨基酸序列同源性分别为98.87%、97.09%、97.77%.     

一株辛德毕斯病毒的基因组序列测定及分析

目的：对引进的一株辛德毕斯病毒的基因组序列进行测定,阐明其与已报道毒株序列的关系。方法：对辛德毕斯病毒基因组编码区进行分段RT-PCR扩增,对非编码区采用RACE法进行扩增,将扩增产物直接进行测序,应用DNAStar软件将测序结果拼接得到基因组序列,采用MEGA3.1软件对9株辛德毕斯病毒基因组序列进行系统进化发生树的构建。结果与结论：此株辛德毕斯病毒基因组共11663nt,编码3745个氨基酸残基,其中5＇端的2/3基因组编码4种非结构蛋白NSp1、NSp2、NSp3和NSp4,3＇端的1/3基因组编码5种结构蛋白E1、E2、E3、6K和C;结构基因和非结构基因之间有48nt的连接区为非翻译区;病毒基因组5＇末端和3＇末端分别有59、318nt的非编码区;序列同源性分析结果表明,此株病毒与S.A.AR86株的同源性最高,两者核苷酸序列的同源性为99.7%,氨基酸序列的同源性为99.6%,而与本室保存的另一辛德毕斯病毒MEI株的遗传进化关系稍远,系统进化发生树处于不同分支上。     

中国6株狂犬病病毒街毒株全基因组测序与分析

实验研究中对分离于中国的6株狂犬病病毒街毒株进行了全基因组测序,对基因组的5个结构基因(N、P、M、G和L)的核苷酸和推断的氨基酸序列以及非编码区序列进行了分析与比较,并与来自GenBank的40株毒株从全基因组水平进行了分子进化分析。所测6株中国狂犬病病毒街毒株的全基因组核苷酸序列长度介于11 907 nt(CQ92)和11 924 nt(SH06和gg4)之间,基因组结构相同,用全基因组和不同的结构基因构建的进化树拓扑结构相似,基因组3′和5′末端高度保守而且末端11个核苷酸互补配对,5个结构基因的保守性依次是NLMGP,核苷酸同源性的最小值依次分别是81.9%、81.7%、80.7%、78.3%和76.7%。     

急性呼吸道感染儿童中WU多瘤病毒基因组序列特征分析

为了解从北京地区急性呼吸道感染儿童中发现的WU多瘤病毒的基因组编码特征,并对其进行基因序列多样性分析,应用针对基因组5'端非编码区、衣壳蛋白VP1、VP2编码基因以及LTAg编码基因的引物对,从已确证为WU病毒阳性的来自北京地区急性呼吸道感染儿童的编号为BJF5276的临床标本中经聚合酶链反应扩增得到预期的基因片段,直接测序后将序列拼接得到全基因组序列,进而推导其基因组编码特征;随后从其它21例已确证为WU多瘤病毒阳性的急性呼吸道感染儿童标本中扩增得到衣壳蛋白VP2编码区基因,进行基因序列测定以及基因序列多样性分析。得到了WU病毒BJF5276全基因组序列。序列分析结果显示WU病毒BJF5276基因组序列全长为5229bp,共有5个主要的CDS(Coding domain sequences),分别编码衣壳蛋白VP2、VP3、VP1,并以其互补序列为模板,编码STAg和LTAg;所得到的22例VP2蛋白编码区基因序列同源性比较结果显示病毒VP2基因编码区序列与GenBank中已有的64个序列之间同源性很高;Mega4.0NJ进化树(Neighbor-joiningtree)分析显示这22个VP2基因序列分属于不同的基因进化簇,其中20个序列属于进化簇I中的Ia,另外2个序列属于进化簇III,其中的一个序列在IIIb基因进化簇中,另外一个序列独立成簇,不属于现有的IIIa或IIIb,暂时将其命名为IIIc。本研究结果提示北京地区的WU病毒具有多瘤病毒科的基因组编码特性;序列非常保守,有分属于不同基因进化簇的WU病毒在北京地区流行,与文献报道的以Ib流行为主所不同的是北京地区的WU病毒以Ia为主,且有新的基因进化簇出现。     

一起无菌性脑膜炎疫情中埃可病毒30型的全基因组分析

对引起一起无菌性脑膜炎的埃可病毒30型（（Echovirus 30,E30）毒株进行全基因组测序,并分析其遗传变异和分子进化特征。提取病毒RNA,荧光RT-PCR确定为肠道病毒,再扩增其VP1区,测序确定为E30,设计针对E30全基因组的引物,RT-PCR扩增和序列测定获得全基因序列。利用DNAMAN 9.0、MEGA X、RDP 5和SimPlot 3.5.1软件分析全基因序列。E30无锡株基因组全长7 425 bp个核苷酸（nt）,5′端和3′端分别为743 nt和97 nt的UTR,二个UTR之间为一个6 585 nt长的开放阅读框,编码一个含2 195个氨基酸（aa）的多聚蛋白。与GenBank中基因组序列比对,最同源的是毒株USA/2017/CA-RGDS-1048 （基因登录号：MN153801）,核苷酸同源性为97.5%,氨基酸同源性为99.1%。VP1基因进化树分析显示,E30无锡株属于h型,并可归类于h型下分的基因簇GroupⅣ。种系进化分析和同源性分析提示E30无锡株可上溯到中国江苏毒株FDJS03毒株。分析还发现E30无锡株在非结构区存在重组,重组序列可能来自E3...     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒S1株基因组序列测定和分析

应用RT-PCR方法分段扩增出PRRSV上海分离株S1毒株的4条基因大片段,扩增后的产物分别克隆于pCR-XL-TOPO载体鉴定后测序,同时应用RACE方法对S1毒株的3'和5'基因末端进行了成功的扩增并克隆于pMD-18T载体进行测序,按顺序将这些序列进行拼接得到PRRSV S1株全基因组cDNA序列.测序结果表明PRRSV S1株基因组全长15441 bp,包含9个开放式阅读框,5'UTR含有189nt,3'端UTR含有181nt,其中包含30nt Poly (A).基因组序列分析结果显示该病毒与ATCC VR-2332和BJ-4分离株的核苷酸同源性分别99.5%和99.6%.与另一国内分离株CH-1a的核苷酸同源性为90.8%.     

犬细小病毒四川流行株分离鉴定及其遗传进化分析

从犬粪便中分离到1株细小病毒,在F81细胞出现明显的CPV病变,电镜观察可见细小病毒样粒子,进一步理化性质鉴定该病毒具有细小病毒的特征,表明所分离病毒为CPV,命名为CPV-04-08-CN-6.根据特异性引物,采用PCR技术扩增出VP2全长基因,将PCR产物克隆入pMD18-T载体,进行测序分析.结果,CPV04-08-CN-6 VP2基因全长1755bp,编码584个氨基酸,与CPV参照株的VP2基因核苷酸同源性为99.69%,12个核苷酸发生错义突变,导致4个氨基酸发生变异.VP2基因的系统发生分析表明CPV-04/08/CN-6在细小病毒分类上属于CPV-2a型.     

Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of canine parvovirus.

The genome of a canine parvovirus isolate strain (CPV-N) was cloned, and the DNA sequence was determined. The entire genome, including ends, was 5,323 nucleotides in length. The terminal repeat at the 3' end of the genome shared similar structural characteristics but limited homology with the rodent parvoviruses. The 5' terminal repeat was not detected in any of the clones. Instead, a region of DNA starting near the capsid gene stop codon and extending 248 base pairs into the coding region had been duplicated and inserted 75 base pairs downstream from the poly(A) addition site. Consensus sequences for the 5' donor and 3' acceptor sites as well as promotors and poly(A) addition sites were identified and compared with the available information on related parvoviruses. The genomic organization of CPV-N is similar to that of feline parvovirus (FPV) in that there are two major open reading frames (668 and 722 amino acids) in the plus strand (mRNA polarity). Both coding domains are in the same frame, and no significant open reading frames were apparent in any of the other frames of both minus and plus DNA strands. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies of the capsid genes between CPV-N and FPV were 98 and 99%, respectively. In contrast, the nucleotide and amino acid homologies of the capsid genes for CPV-N and CPV-b (S. Rhode III, J. Virol. 54:630-633, 1985) were 95 and 98%, respectively. These results indicate that very few nucleotide or amino acid changes differentiate the antigenic and host range specificity of FPV and CPV.     

Multiple amino acids in the capsid structure of canine parvovirus coordinately determine the canine host range and specific antigenic and hemagglutination properties.

Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) are over 98% similar in DNA sequence but have specific host range, antigenic, and hemagglutination (HA) properties which were located within the capsid protein gene. In vitro mutagenesis and recombination were used to prepare 16 different recombinant genomic clones, and viruses derived from those clones were analyzed for their in vitro host range, antigenic, and HA properties. The region of CPV from 59 to 91 map units determined the ability to replicate in canine cells. A complex series of interactions was observed among the individual sequence differences between 59 and 73 map units. The canine host range required that VP2 amino acids (aa) 93 and 323 both be the CPV sequence, and those two CPV sequences introduced alone into FPV greatly increased viral replication in canine cells. Changing any one of aa 93, 103, or 323 of CPV to the FPV sequence either greatly decreased replication in canine cells or resulted in an inviable plasmid. The Asn-Lys difference of aa 93 alone was responsible for the CPV-specific epitope recognized by monoclonal antibodies. An FPV-specific epitope was affected by aa 323. Amino acids 323 and 375 together determined the pH dependence of HA. Amino acids involved in the various specific properties were all around the threefold spikes of the viral particle.     

Three-Dimensional Structure of Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus: Implications for Disease Pathogenicity

The three-dimensional structure of expressed VP2 capsids of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus strain G (ADVG-VP2) has been determined to 22 A resolution by cryo-electron microscopy and image reconstruction techniques. A structure-based sequence alignment of the VP2 capsid protein of canine parvovirus (CPV) provided a means to construct an atomic model of the ADVG-VP2 capsid. The ADVG-VP2 reconstruction reveals a capsid structure with a mean external radius of 128 A and several surface features similar to those found in human parvovirus B19 (B19), CPV, feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), and minute virus of mice (MVM). Dimple-like depressions occur at the icosahedral twofold axes, canyon-like regions encircle the fivefold axes, and spike-like protrusions decorate the threefold axes. These spikes are not present in B19, and they are more prominent in ADV compared to the other parvoviruses owing to the presence of loop insertions which create mounds near the threefold axes. Cylindrical channels along the fivefold axes of CPV, FPV, and MVM, which are surrounded by five symmetry-related beta-ribbons, are closed in ADVG-VP2 and B19. Immunoreactive peptides made from segments of the ADVG-VP2 capsid protein map to residues in the mound structures. In vitro tissue tropism and in vivo pathogenic properties of ADV map to residues at the threefold axes and to the wall of the dimples.     

Parvovirus genome: nucleotide sequence of H-1 and mapping of its genes by hybrid-arrested translation.

The nucleotide sequence of the parvovirus H-1 has been determined by the chain-terminating method of Sanger. The sequence is 5,176 nucleotides long. Two large open reading frames (1 and 2) and two smaller open reading frames (3 and 4) of potential importance were identified in the plus-strand sequence. Promoter sequences are located at map positions 4 and 38 when map positions are expressed as percent of genome length from the 3' end of the virion minus strand. The locations for the genes for the parvovirus capsid proteins and a 76,000-dalton noncapsid protein (NCVP1) were mapped by hybrid-arrested translation. The gene for the capsid proteins VP1 and VP2' is located in the 5' half of the virus genome. The gene for NCVP1 is located in the 3' half of the viral DNA.     

The structure of parvoviruses

Capsids of autonomous parvoviruses are assembled from two proteins, VP1 and VP2, which overlap in sequence, with VP1 having additional amino-terminal residues. Empty capsids can be assembled from VP2 alone. Post-translational cleavage of assembled particles can modify some of the proteins by truncation of a few of the amino-terminal residues of VP2 to generate VP3 in full virions. The structures of canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) have been solved to better than 3·5 Å resolution, while the structure of human parvovirus, B19, has been determined to 8 Å resolution only. In each case the T=1 icosahedron is made up of 60 copies of a mixture of VP1, VP2 and VP3, where each subunit has a structural motif common to many other RNA and DNA viruses, consisting of an eight-stranded anti-parallel β-barrel. The surface of the capsid is made up primarily of large elaborate loops which connect the β-strands that make up the barrel. Variation in the amino acid sequence and topology of these loops account for differing biological properties.     

Combinations of two capsid regions controlling canine host range determine canine transferrin receptor binding by canine and feline parvoviruses

Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) and its host range variant, canine parvovirus (CPV), can bind the feline transferrin receptor (TfR), while only CPV binds to the canine TfR. Introducing two CPV-specific changes into FPV (at VP2 residues 93 and 323) endowed that virus with the canine TfR binding property and allowed canine cell infection, although neither change alone altered either property. In CPV the reciprocal changes of VP2 residue 93 or 323 to the FPV sequences individually resulted in modest reductions in infectivity for canine cells. Changing both residues in CPV to the FPV amino acids blocked the canine cell infection, but that virus was still able to bind the canine TfR at low levels. This shows that both CPV-specific changes control canine TfR binding but that binding is not always sufficient to mediate infection.