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1.
M. K. Banerjee M. K. Kalloo 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1987,73(5):707-710
Summary One hundred and twenty-two varieties, lines and wild accessions of Lycopersicon were screened under three different regimes during the autumn/winter season of 1982–83 and 1983–84 for resistance to tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV). L. hirsutum f. glabratum (B6013) and L. hirsutum f. typicum (A1904) proved to be highly resistant to TLCV in all three environments. Various accessions of L. peruvianum were also highly resistant. L. pimpinellifolium (A1921) exhibited no TLCV symptoms within 90 days. Of the cultivated varieties, Acc 99 exhibited the minimim score for susceptibility; AC 142, Collection No. 2, Kalyanpur Angurlata and HS 101 had a low rating for virus incidence. The inheritance of resistance was studied in the interspecific crosses between a TLCV resistant line of L. pimpinellifolium (A1921) and five (HS 101, HS 102, HS 110, Pusa Ruby and Punjab Chhuhara) susceptible cultivars of L. esculentum. Parents, F1, F2 and backcross progenies were artificially inoculated with local strains of TLCV using vector the viruliferious whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.). Data indicated that the resistance of L. pimpinellifolium (A 1921) is monogenic and incompletely dominant over susceptibility. 相似文献
2.
This report describes a method for quantifying -endotoxin contents in spray-dried preparations ofBacillus thuringiensis strain GC-91. -Endotoxin is solubilized in the pro-toxin form and separated from other soluble compounds by ion exchange chromatography. The method does not discriminate between the different -endotoxins produced by strain GC-91. It is suitable for quality control, since -endotoxin concentrations found in different preparations correlate inversely with the LC 50 in bioassays on artificial diet against freshly hatched larvae ofSpodoptera littoralis. A typical batch of spray-dried material contains 1.22%±0.08% -endotoxin. The method is most accurate with preparations containing 0.5 to 2.0% toxin, for which triplicate estimations give standard errors close to±0.2%. 相似文献
3.
Pullulanase is a characteristic of manyKlebsiella species and functions in the degradation of starch
Günter Wöber 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1976,3(1):71-80
Summary The type strainsKlebsiella pneumoniae NCTC 9633,K.ozaenae NCTC 5050 andK.rhinoscleromatis NCTC 5046, representative for all members of the genusKlebsiella, were found to produce pullulanase (pullulan 6-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.41). In addition, 58 fresh isolates ofKlebsiella sp. of human origin were screened for growth on a defined solid medium with either maltose, maltodextrin mixture, soluble starch, glycogen, or pullulan as the sole carbon source. All of the strains showed luxurious growth on maltose and maltodextrins, seven strains grew poorly or not at all on the polymeric substrates, soluble starch, pullulan or glycogen. Three fresh isolates out of the 51 strains which did grow on each carbon source tested were examined in more detail with respect to a possible involvement of pullulanase in the utilization of -glucans. The production of pullulanase was inducible by growth of the cells on -glucans, whereas cultivation on glycerol, D-glucose or lactose did not lead to enzyme formation. The level of pullulanase activity in the three strains varied under otherwise comparable culture conditions, as did the level of a co-inducible -amylase. Comparative growth experiments on linear or branched -glucans allow the conclusion that the cooperation of hydrolases specific for 1,4--glucosidic linkages (-amylase) and for 1,6--linkages (pullulanase) is an obligatory requirement for the effective utilization of starch and glycogen. 相似文献
4.
Summary The metabolic formation of either,-dodecanedioic acid or,-tridecanedioic acid from the individual n-alkane, n-alcohol, n-monoacid and,-diol with corresponding carbon chain length using K-carrageenan entrapped mutants S76 ofCandida tropicalis was studied. The immobilized cells of S76 could also directly produce-hydroxy acid and,-dioic acid from,-diol. With n-alcohol and n-monoacid as substrate, the amount of-hydroxy acid and,-dioic acid produced was also a function of the incubation time.The results demonstrated that in the immobilized cells of S76 the formation of,-dioic acid from n-alcohol can also run both via n-monoacid and via,-diol as well as in the normal cells of S76. 相似文献
5.
Patil Vishwanath Bjørnstad Åsmund Mackey James 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2003,12(2):169-183
Doubled haploid (DH) progeny from a cross between the scald susceptible barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar Ingrid and the resistant accession CI 11549 (Nigrinudum) was evaluated for resistance in the pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis (Oudem) J.J. Davis. Two linked and incompletely dominant loci confer resistance CI 11549 against isolate 4004. One is an allele at the complex Rrs1 locus on chromosome 3H close to the centromere; the other is located 22 cM distally on the long arm. The latter locus is designated Rrs4. In BC3-lines into Ingrid from CI 2222 (another Nigrinudum) resistance seems governed by one locus close to the telomeric region of chromosome 7H, probably allelic to Rrs2. In neither case did we find any trace of the recessive gene rh8 reported to be present in Nigrinudum. Various resistance donors of Ethiopian origin designated as Nigrinudum, Jet or Abyssinian were identical to a great extent with respect to markers, but differed in resistance to different isolates of scald or in barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) resistance. The implications for their use as differentials in scald tests and screening of germplasm collections are discussed. 相似文献
6.
A. Vezvaei T. W. Hancock L. C. Giles G. R. Clarke J. F. Jackson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(3):432-438
The segregation of seven isozyme marker genes was investigated using eight controlled crosses in almond. The cultivar Nonpareil was the maternal parent in all crosses. Pollination was achieved using eight different cultivars, and a total of 3200 individual kernels were assessed. For each isozyme the goodness-of-fit test was used to test for departure from the expected frequencies assuming Mendelian inheritance. Given a higher than expected number of significant results for individual isozymes, independent segregation between pairs of isozymes was tested using the chi-square statistic on the resulting two-way contingency tables. In all crosses a highly significant association (P value< 0.001) was observed between (1) the AAT- 1 and IDH isozymes loci and (2) the LAP-1 and PGM-2 isozymes loci, which leads to the conclusion that the respective isozyme pairs are linked.In addition, a significant association (P value < 0.001) was observed between LAP-1 and GPI-2 when the pollen sources were Fritz, Mission, or Price, but this could not be tested for the remaining five pollen sources, Carmel, Grant, Keane, Ne plus Ultra, Peerless, because they are homozygous at these loci. If LAP-1 is linked with GPI-2 and PGM-2, it might be expected that we should find evidence of linkage between GPI-2 and PGM-2. The lack of a significant association between these two isozymes suggests that LAP-1 is located centrally on the chromosome. These three pairs of linked loci are the first to be reported in almond. 相似文献
7.
The carotenoid pigments of a Rhizobium strain isolated from Lotononis bainesii were found to be diglucosyl-4,4-diapocarotene-4,4-dioate and glucosyl-4,4-diapocarotene-4-oate-4-oic acid.5th publication in the series Carotenoids of Rhizobia [4th publication: Helv. chim. Acta 62: 2551–2557 (1979)] 相似文献
8.
M. D. St. Pierre R. J. Bayer 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1991,82(2):249-253
Summary Isozyme analysis of wild and domesticated accessions indicated that domestication of the cultivated carrot Daucus carota ssp. sativus resulted in an insignificant reduction of all genetic variability and genetic distance estimates. Although they are less variable genetically, cultivated forms maintain a high proportion of observed heterozygosity. Relative to the overall genetic variability of the species, samples from four common cultivars Red Cored Chantenay, Scarlet Nantes, Danvers Half Long and A Plus demonstrated a high degree of genetic similarity. This is attributed to the recent development of orange cultivars and the limited gene pool utilized in their development. 相似文献
9.
P. P. Jauhar 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,90(6):865-871
As the first step in the transfer of barely yellow dwarf virus resistance and salt tolerance from decaploid tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum) into hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), octoploid intergeneric hybrids (2n = 8x = 56) were synthesized by crossing the tall wheatgrass cultivar Alkar with wheat cvs. Fukuhokomugi (Fuko) and Chinese Spring. (Fuko x Alkar) F1 hybrids were studied in detail. The F1 hybrids were perennial and generally resembled the male wheatgrass parent with regard to morphological features and gliadin profile. Most hybrids were euploid with 56 chromosomes and showed high chromosome pairing. On an average, in 6 hybrids 83.6% of the complement showed chiasmatic association, some between wheat and wheatgrass chromosomes. Such a high homoeologous pairing would be obtained if Ph1, the major homoeologous pairing suppressor in wheat, was somehow inactivated. Some of the Fuko x Alkar hybrids had high pollen fertility (18.5–42.0% with a mean of 31.5%) and high seed fertility (3–29 seeds wtih a mean of 12.3 seeds per spike), offering excellent opportunities for their direct backcrossing onto the wheat parent. 相似文献
10.
Jeong-Hwa Kim Mi-Ryung Kim Ji-Hyun Lee Jin-Woo Lee Sung-Koo Kim 《Biotechnology letters》2000,22(12):987-990
Pullulan productivity was optimized in Aureobasidium pullulans ATCC 42023 with 54 g glucose l–1. Pullulan with its higher molecular weight (>1000000) was produced using 2% (w/v) glucose and 3% (w/v) glucosamine together. The maximum concentration of pullulan was 8 g l–1 at 140 h with shake-flask culture. 相似文献
11.
Maria Mulisch 《Protoplasma》1988,143(2-3):170-175
Summary Different fixation techniques were employed to obtain satisfactory fixation of the endoplasm ofStentor coeruleus for ultrastructural investigations. The nuclei ofS. coeruleus are surrounded by a flattened fenestrated cisterna. The space between the nuclear envelope and the cisterna (= perinuclear space) is continuous with the cytoplasm via channels. The envelopes of both, micronucleus and macronucleus, are connected to the fenestrated cisterna by filamentous material. This organization accounts for the close association between micronucleus and macronucleus inStentor coeruleus. The fenestrated cisterna is compared to similar structures occurring in other organisms, and its possible function is discussed.Abbreviations fC
fenestrated cisterna
- FV
food vacuole
- km
km fibers
- MaNu
macronucleus
- MiNu
micronucleus
- My
myonome
- NE
nuclear envelope
- PC
perinuclear cisterna
- PfC
pore of fenestrated cisterna
- PS
perinuclear cytoplasmic space
- EGTA
ethyleneglycol-bis-(-aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid)
- GA
glutaraldehyde
- HEPES
N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-2-ethanesulfonic acid
- PEG
polyethylene glycol
- PIPES
piperazine-N,N-bis[2-ethanesulfonic acid]
- PTA
phosphotungstic acid 相似文献
12.
Eric Dufour Paul Robert Dominique Bertrand Tomasz Haertlé 《Journal of Protein Chemistry》1994,13(2):143-149
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been applied to investigate the secondary structural changes of-lactoglobulin in water/ethanol mixtures. The studies were carried out at two differentpHs and at high protein concentrations. The spectra were recorded using an attenuated total reflection cell. The amide I band of-lactoglobulin in water reveals large amounts of intra extended-sheet structure. About 20% ethanol,-lactoglobulin unfolds and-strand formation is observed.-Helices are built up by increasing the ethanol concentration up to 30%. In 50% ethanol,-lactoglobulin gels providing the apparent pH are neutral. The secondary structural changes of-lactoglobulin were observed on the similarity maps obtained by Principal Component Analysis. 相似文献
13.
O. P. Rajora J. D. Mahon 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,89(2-3):206-210
Restriction fragment analysis was used to examine the inheritance of lentil mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in F1 and F5 progeny from intrasubspecific (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris) crosses and in F1 progeny from intersubspecific (Lens culinaris ssp. orientalis x L. culinaris ssp. culinaris) crosses. Southern blots of digested parental and progeny DNA were hybridized to heterologous maize mtDNA probes specific to coxI and atp6 genes. Two restriction fragment polymorphisms separated L.c. ssp. culinaris Laird and Eston from L.c. ssp. culinaris ILL5588, and one restriction fragment polymorphism distinguished L.c. ssp. culinaris Laird and Eston from L.c. ssp. orientalis LO4. Twelve of 13 f1 progeny and all F5 progeny from the intrasubspecific crosses, and all F1 progeny from intersubspecific crosses had only maternal mtDNA restriction fragments. One f1 plant from an Eston x ILL5588 cross inherited mtDNA fragments from both parents. Nuclear DNA inheritance was biparental in all F1 progeny.NRCC No. 38451 相似文献
14.
Delphi Chatterjee James T Douglas Sang-Nae Cho Thomas H Rea Robert H Gelber Gerald O Aspinall Patrick J Brennan 《Glycoconjugate journal》1985,2(3-4):187-208
A stratagem for the synthesis ofneoglycoproteins suitable for the selective serodiagnosis of leprosy is described in which synthetic 3,6-di-O-methyl--d-glucopyranose, the epitope of phenolic glycolipid I fromMycobacterium leprae, was used. Condensation of 8-methoxycarbonyloctanol with the acetobromo derivative of 3,6-di-O-methylglucose gave 8-methoxycarbonyloctyl 2,4-di-O-acetyl-3,6-di-O-methyl--d-glucopyranoside in 65% yield, and with absolute stereospecificity for the anomer. The deacylated product was converted to the crystalline hydrazide and coupled to bovine gamma globulin, bovine serum albumin and poly-d-lysinevia intermediate acyl azide formation to produce the 8-carbonyloctyl 3,6-di-O-methyl--d-glucopyranosyl polypeptides. Theneoglycoproteins were highly sensitive in ELISA and emulated the specificity of the native glycolipid in analysis of sera from patients throughout the spectrum of leprosy and from different geographical regions. The 8-carbonyloctyl 3,6-di-O-methyl--d-glucopyranoside-bovine serum albumin was also synthesized and shown to have about one-half the activity of the -linkedneoglycoprotein. A different synthetic approach produced the 8-carbonyloctyl 4-O-(3,6-di-O-methyl--d-glucopyranosyl)--l-rhamnopyranoside-bovine serum albumin which was also highly sensitive and specific for the serodiagnosis of leprosy. The presence of the second sugar unit, similar to that in the native glycolipid but for the absence ofO-methyl groups, seemed to provide a probe with greater felicity for the serological detection of tuberculoid leprosy.Thus, the results indicate that highly sensitive and specific antigen probes for the serodiagnosis of leprosy can be constructed based only on the terminal one or two sugars of phenolic glycolipid I, and the synthetic approach leads to the formation of haptens with absolute stereospecificity.Nomenclature BGG
bovine gamma globulin
- PGL-I
phenolic glycolipid I
- PDL
poly-d-lysine
- PBS
phophate-buffered saline
- 3,6-Me2-Glc-Link-BSA
8-carbonyloctyl 3,6-di-O-methyl-glucopyranoside-bovine senalbumin
- 3,6-Me2-Glc-Rha-Link-BSA
8-carbonyloctyl 4-O-(3,6-di-O-methyl--d-glucopyranosyl)--l-rhan pyranoside-BSA 相似文献
15.
Structural analysis by X-ray crystallography has indicated that direct contact occurs between Arg69, the second residue of the first helix of the helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif of the Trp repressor, and guanine in position 9 of the -centred consensustrp operator. We therefore replaced residue 69 of the Trp repressor with Gly, Ile, Leu or Gln and tested the resultant repressor mutants for their binding to synthetic symmetrical -or -centredtrp operator variants, in vivo and in vitro. We present genetic and biochemical evidence that Ile in position 69 of the Trp repressor interacts specifically with thymine in position 9 of the -centredtrp operator. There are also interactions with other bases in positions 8 and 9 of the -centredtrp operator. In vitro, the Trp repressor of mutant RI69 binds to the consensus -centredtrp operator and a similartrp operator variant that carries a T in position 9. In vivo analysis of the interactions of Trp repressor mutant RI69 with symmetrical variants of the -centredtrp operator shows a change in the specificity of binding to a -centred symmetricaltrp operator variant with a gua-nine to thymine substitution in position 5, which corresponds to position 9 of the -centredtrp operator. 相似文献
16.
The stable isotope ratios of nitrogen were measured in the mysid,Neomysis intermedia, together with various biogenic materials in a eutrophic lake, Lake Kasumigaura, in Japan throughout a year of 1984/85. The mysid, particulate organic matter (POM, mostly phytoplankton), and zooplankton showed a clear seasonal change in 15N with high values in spring and fall, but the surface bottom mud did not. A year to year variation as well as seasonal change in 15N was found in the mysid. The annual averages of 15N of each material collected in 1984/85 are as follows: surface bottom mud, 6.3 (range: 5.7–6.9); POM, 7.9 (5.8–11.8); large sized mysid, 11.6 (7.7–14.3); zooplankton, 12.5 (10.0–16.4); prawn, 13.2 (9.9–15.4); goby, 15.1 (13.8–16.7). The degree of15N enrichment by the mysid was determined as 3.2 by the laboratory rearing experiments. The apparent parallel relationship between the POM and the mysid in the temporal patterns of 15N with about 3 difference suggests the POM (mostly phytoplankton) as a possible food source ofN. intermedia in this lake through the year. 相似文献
17.
Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] regenerants from cv Sunhigh embryo no. 156, regenerants obtained from cv Redhaven embryo no. 30, and two peach cultivars Sunhigh and Redhaven, were screened for polymorphic RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers with up to 60 10-mer primers. Although 35 primers produced results with scoreable bands, only 10 of the primers revealed polymorphism for regenerants of embryo no. 156 and cv Sunhigh, and 1 revealed a low level of polymorphism for regenerants of embryo no. 30 and cv Redhaven. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using RAPD markers to identify somaclonal variants of peach and provides evidence for the existence of genetic differences among these variants.Abbreviations
PCR
Polymerase chain reaction
-
RAPD
random amplified polymorphic DNA
-
RFLP
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
-
CTAB
cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
-
PVP
polyvinyl pyrolidone
-
dNTP
deoxy-ribonucleotide triphosphate
Communicated by R. N. Trigiano 相似文献
18.
Magdalena Kanabus Adrianna Nowicka Ewa Sledziewska-Gójska Piotr Jonczyk Zygmunt Ciesla 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1995,247(2):216-221
It has previously been suggested that inhibition of the proofreading 3-5 exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase may play an important role in generation of UV-induced mutations inEscherichia coli. Our previous work showing that overproduction of , the proofreading subunit of DNA polymerase III, counteracts the SOS mutagenic response ofE. coli seemed to be consistent with this hypothesis. To explore further the nature of the antimutagenic effect of we constructed plasmid pMK17, which encodes only two of the three highly conserved segments of — Exol and ExoII; the third segment, ExoIII, which is essential for 3–5 exonuclease activity, is deleted. We show that at 40°C, over-production of the truncated e subunit significantly delays production of M13 phage, suggesting that the protein retains its capacity to bind to DNA. On the other hand, the presence of pMK17 in atrpE65 strain growing at 40°C causes a 10-fold decrease in the frequency of UV-induced Trp+ mutations. This antimutagenic effect of the truncated s is effectively relieved by excess UmuD,C proteins. We also show that the presence of plasmid pIP21, which contains thednaQ49 allele encoding an subunit that is defective in proofreading activity, almost completely prevents generation of UV-induced mutations in thetrpE65 strain. We propose that the DNA binding ability of free , rather than its 3–5 exonuclease activity, affects processing of premutagenic UV-induced lesions, possibly by interfering with the interaction between the UmuC-UmuD-RecA complex and Pol III holoenzyme. This interaction is probably a necessary condition for translesion synthesis. 相似文献
19.
M. L. Ruíz J. Rueda M. I. Peláez F. J. Espino M. Candela A. M. Sendino A. M. Vázquez 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1992,28(1):97-101
In vitro culture of immature embryo and young leaf tissues was carried out with five cultivars of barley, Hordeum vulgare. Two cultivars (Albacete and Porthos) responded poorly from both types of explants, while the three others (Dissa, Golden Promise and Ingrid) produced a high frequency of embryogenic callus from these explants (25–60%). For Dissa and Ingrid, young leaf explants were slightly better than immature embryo explants for embryogenic callus induction, while immature embryo cultures of Golden Promise responded better than young leaf explants. Thus, there appears to be a significant genotype × explant interaction in the initiation of embryogenic callus in barley.Some phenotypic variants were detected among the regenerated plants of Golden Promise and Ingrid, most originating by epigenetic changes. Only in one case was the variant phenotype heritable, probably due to a mutation in the chloroplast DNA. Mitotic alteractions were not detected. Consequently, somaclonal variation did not appear to be a very frequent event in plants regenerated from 1- to 6- month-old cultures of barley. 相似文献
20.
Dr. M. John Pickett 《Current microbiology》1988,17(5):281-283
According to published reports, all strains ofMoraxella osloensis and Moraxella (Oligella) urethralis grew on a mineral-base medium supplemented with 0.015M (0.123%) sodium acetate, but not all alkalinized a mineral-base medium supplemented with 0.008% bromthymol blue and 0.2% sodium acetate. This seeming discrepancy was examined. The growth of most strains ofM. urethralis was inhibited by 0.008% bromthymol blue, and some by 0.2% anhydrous sodium acetate. All (42) strains ofM. osloensis andM. urethralis alkalinized a mineral-base medium supplemented with 0.1% sodium acetate trihydrate and 0.001% bromthymol blue or phenol red. 相似文献