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1.
The sulfotransferase (SULT) is an important factor in phase II metabolism. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; MmeSUl-696,
MmeSUl-714 and MmeSUl-806) were discovered in a SULT-like gene of Meretrix meretrix. A modified allele-specific PCR detection assay was developed to perform polymorphism analysis of the three SNPs in two families
and two populations of M. meretrix. Results showed that the genotype of the three SNPs is accordance to the expected Mendelian segregation ratios and conforms
to Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) in families and populations, respectively. Moreover, sampled clams (n = 151) from the two populations were tested for the associations between SNPs and growth traits. The single SNP association
analysis indicated MmeSUl-806 significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with growth traits of M. meretrix. A further haplotype-trait association analysis confirmed that the three SNPs were in linkage disequilibrium and showed that
the haplotype TTG and TCG associated with low growth in the two populations, respectively, which supported that MmeSUl-806
was a growth related marker. This study suggested SULT gene might be a candidate gene related to growth in bivalves and MmeSUl-806
could be a gene marker in linkage map construction and breeding programs of M. meretrix. 相似文献
2.
Veneridae is a diverse, commercially important, and cosmopolitan family. Here we present the complete mitochondrial genome
of the hard clam Meretrix meretrix (Bivalvia: Veneridae). The entire mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of M. meretrix is 19,826 bp in length, and contains 37 genes including 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs, and 23 tRNAs. All genes
are encoded on the heavy strand. In contrast to the typical animal mitochondrial genome, it lacks the protein-coding gene
ATP8, and has only one copy of the tRNASer gene, but three duplications of the tRNAGln, which is the first report among the present molluscan mtDNAs. We observed that the gene arrangement between M. meretrix and M. petechialis is same except one more tRNAGln gene in M. meretrix., and the sequence similarity is as high as 99%, indicating that M. petechialis and M. meretrix could be treated as a junior synonym of M. meretrix. Maximum Likelihood and Bayeslan analysis of 12 concatenated protein-coding amino acid sequences place the Unionidae as a
sister group to other bivalves, which reflects the general opinion that the Unionidae deverged very early in Bivalvia evolution. 相似文献
3.
MM5 was a bacterial strain isolated from moribund clam (Meretrix meretrix) collected from a farm with mass mortality outbreak. Primary genotypic and phenotypic identification including 16S rDNA sequence analysis, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of four housekeeping genes (gapA, ftsZ, mreB and topA) and biochemical tests suggested that strain MM5 was a Vibrio species closest to but different from Vibrio furnissii. Our previous study indicated that MM5 could induce a high mortality of M. meretrix (Yue et al., 2010). Quantitative challenge test was performed in this study to further evaluate the pathogenic potential of MM5, which showed that at 84 h post-inoculation, the cumulative mortalities of the MM5-injected group were significantly higher than those of control groups (P < 0.05). Cytopathological and histopathological features of the clam infected by MM5 were carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, respectively. Cytopathologically, foci of MM5 were found in hepatocytes of the clam infected by MM5. In addition, cytopathological lesion was detected in foot of infected clam. Histopathologically, MM5 was detected in different tissues of infected clam, including hepatopancreas, mantle and gill. Challenge test combined with pathological features indicated that MM5 was virulent to M. meretrix. 相似文献
4.
Cathepsin B is one of the most important proteolytic enzymes involved in the nutrient metabolism of clam Meretrix meretrix. The recombinant fusion protein GST-MmeCB (rGST-MmeCB) was obtained at a high level from Escherichia coli and identified using LC-ESI-MS/MS. The GST tag was cleaved from rGST-MmeCB, and the resulting recombinant MmeCB (rMmeCB)
was able to degrade the selective substrate carbobenzoxy-l-arginyl-l-arginyl-7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (Z-Arg-Arg-AFC) in vitro. The kinetic parameters of the rMmeCB were calculated
as follows: K
m, Vmax and k
cat are 6.11 μM, 0.0174 μM min−1 and 277.57 s−1, respectively. Rabbit anti-rGST-MmeCB polyclonal antibodies was prepared and used to analyze the tissue distribution of MmeCB
protein in M. meretrix. The results showed that the highest level of cathepsin B was found in the digestive gland and moderate levels were found
in gill and mantle. Similar expression patterns were found at the mRNA level as detected by real time PCR. Further analysis
showed that starvation caused a slight increase in MmeCB protein synthesis in the digestive gland, while refeeding after starvation
caused an apparent increase in MmeCB synthesis in digestive gland, gill and mantle. Real time PCR analysis showed that MmeCB
mRNA in digestive gland was significantly up-regulated by starvation and returned to normal level after the starved clams
were refed. Together, these results indicated that cathepsin B is probably involved in the nutrient digestion of M. meretrix. 相似文献
5.
O. N. Rozova V. N. Khmelenina I. I. Mustakhimov A. S. Reshetnikov Y. A. Trotsenko 《Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a》2010,75(7):892-898
The gene fba from the thermotolerant obligate methanotroph Methylococcus capsulatus Bath was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) carrying six His on the C-end was purified by affinity metal chelating
chromatography. The Mc. capsulatus FBA is a hexameric enzyme (240 kDa) that is activated by Co2+ and inhibited by EDTA. The enzyme displays low K
m to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) and higher K
m to the substrates of aldol condensation, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. The FBA also catalyzes
sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate cleavage. The presence of Co2+ in the reaction mixture changes the kinetics of FBP hydrolysis and is accompanied by inhibition of the reaction by 2 mM FBP.
Phylogenetically, the Mc. capsulatus enzyme belongs to the type B of class II FBAs showing high identity of translated amino acid sequence with FBAs from autotrophic
bacteria. The role of the FBA in metabolism of Mc. capsulatus Bath, which realizes simultaneously three C1 assimilating pathways (the ribulose monophosphate, the ribulose bisphosphate, and the serine cycles), is discussed. 相似文献
6.
A mass mortality of clam, Meretrix meretrix, occurred in Jiangsu Province of China in the late September of 2007. Of the isolates obtained from the diseased clams, MM21 had the strongest virulence to the clam in the virulence test, with a LD50 value of ∼6 × 106 CFU ml−1. MM21 was identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus by the VITEK 2 Compact system and 16S rDNA sequencing. Detection of virulence-associated genes by PCR indicated that MM21 was positive for toxR and tlh, and negative for tdh. Compared with control group, histiocytes from MM21-infected clams displayed a variety of cytopathological changes by transmission electron microscopy examination, which included increased lipid droplets in hepatocytes, deposition of granules in the mantle, excessive secretion in the gill. The results of our study suggested that MM21 may have been an etiological element in the mass mortalities of hard clam (M. meretrix) in Jiangsu Province of China in 2007. 相似文献
7.
8.
Three EST-SSR Markers Associated with QTL for the Growth of the Clam Meretrix meretrix Revealed by Selective Genotyping 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Xia Lu Hongxia Wang Baozhong Liu Jianhai Xiang 《Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)》2013,15(1):16-25
The clam Meretrix meretrix is a member of widely cultured, commercially important clams. A marker–trait association analysis was performed using expressed sequence tag (EST) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for marker-assisted selection in M. meretrix. Three markers, MM1272, MM2034, and MM7721, were found to be significantly associated with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling shell length (P?<?0.0001) in clams of a fast-growing population (JSF) and a control population (JSC). The 144-bp allele of MM1272, the 154-bp allele of MM2034, and the 152- and 165-bp alleles of MM7721 showed a significantly higher frequency in the JSF population (17.65, 36.41, 28.67, and 29.33 %) than in the JSC population (4.65, 8.33, 3.47, and 5.56 %). The three markers showed lower values for the number of alleles and observed heterozygosity as well as a higher proportion of homozygotes in JSF than in JSC population. The three markers have been further confirmed in the high and low tails of another population (09G3SPSB); similarly, lower values for the number of alleles and observed heterozygosity as well as a higher proportion of homozygotes were found in 09G3SPSBH. The putative functions of the three gene fragments containing MM1272, MM2034, and MM7721 also suggested that the three SSR-containing genes might be involved in growth of M. meretrix. All the results suggest that the three EST-SSR markers associated with growth QTLs would be useful for marker-assisted selection in M. meretrix breeding. 相似文献
9.
Background
The laminin receptors (LRs) play important roles in cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, certain cell-cell adhesions, and the activation of many intracellular signaling pathways. Studies of LRs have primarily focused on mammals, while few studies of LRs in marine invertebrates have been reported. The functions of LRs in marine bivalve species are still unclear.Methodology/Principal Findings
In this study, we cloned and sequenced an LR gene, MmeLR, from the clam Meretrix meretrix. The MmeLR mRNA and protein detected by realtime PCR and western blots were primarily distributed in muscle tissues. Far-western analysis showed a specific interaction between recombinant MmeLR and the LR ligand laminin. The results of the binding assay suggested a role of LR in cell adhesion and apoptosis in cultured primary cells of mantle tissues from M. meretrix. The Bcl-2 mRNA expression level in primary cells cultured in matrigel (mainly laminin) coated plates was significantly higher than in cells cultured in non-coated plates at 48 h of culture, while the p53 mRNA expression pattern was inversely related to that of bcl-2, suggesting that MmeLR is involved in p53-dependent apoptosis, and the binding between MmeLR and laminin inhibits apoptosis during primary cell culture.Conclusions
Our results suggest that MmeLR may be involved in cell adhesion and apoptosis. This study may increase the understanding of the role of laminin receptor in cell adhesion and apoptosis and help to improve the culture of primary cells of marine invertebrates. 相似文献10.
SNP and INDEL detection in a QTL region on chicken chromosome 2 associated with muscle deposition 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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T. F. Godoy G. C. M. Moreira C. Boschiero A. A. Gheyas G. Gasparin M. Paduan S. C. S. Andrade H. Montenegro D. W. Burt M. C. Ledur L. L. Coutinho 《Animal genetics》2015,46(2):158-163
Genetic improvement is important for the poultry industry, contributing to increased efficiency of meat production and quality. Because breast muscle is the most valuable part of the chicken carcass, knowledge of polymorphisms influencing this trait can help breeding programs. Therefore, the complete genome of 18 chickens from two different experimental lines (broiler and layer) from EMBRAPA was sequenced, and SNPs and INDELs were detected in a QTL region for breast muscle deposition on chicken chromosome 2 between microsatellite markers MCW0185 and MCW0264 (105 849–112 649 kb). Initially, 94 674 unique SNPs and 10 448 unique INDELs were identified in the target region. After quality filtration, 77% of the SNPs (85 765) and 60% of the INDELs (7828) were retained. The studied region contains 66 genes, and functional annotation of the filtered variants identified 517 SNPs and three INDELs in exonic regions. Of these, 357 SNPs were classified as synonymous, 153 as non‐synonymous, three as stopgain, four INDELs as frameshift and three INDELs as non‐frameshift. These exonic mutations were identified in 37 of the 66 genes from the target region, three of which are related to muscle development (DTNA, RB1CC1 and MOS). Fifteen non‐tolerated SNPs were detected in several genes (MEP1B, PRKDC, NSMAF, TRAPPC8, SDR16C5, CHD7, ST18 and RB1CC1). These loss‐of‐function and exonic variants present in genes related to muscle development can be considered candidate variants for further studies in chickens. Further association studies should be performed with these candidate mutations as should validation in commercial populations to allow a better explanation of QTL effects. 相似文献
11.
12.
Identifying evolutionarily significant units for conservation of the endangered Malus sieversii using genome‐wide RADseq data
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Malus sieversii, a wild progenitor of the domesticated apple, is an endangered species and is assigned second conservation priority by the China Plant Red Data Book. It is urgent to carry out in situ conservation of this species, but previous studies have not identified evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) for conservation management. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and relationships of six M. sieversii populations from China using integrated analysis of microsatellite (nSSR) data, genome‐wide SNPs and previous results in order to propose a reasonable conservation management. The results showed that levels of genetic diversity were inconsistently reflected by our nSSR and previous studies, suggesting that indices of genetic diversity are not effective to identify priority conservation areas for M. sieversii. Based on the selection criteria of ESUs for endangered species conservation, ESUs should reflect lineage divergence, geographical separation and different adaptive variation. Our phylogenetic tree based on genome‐wide SNPs yielded a clear relationship of divergent lineages among M. sieversii populations, leading to new different from those of previous studies. Three independent lineages, including the pairs of populations Huocheng‐Yining, Gongliu‐Xinyuan and Tuoli‐Emin, were identified. The geographic distances between populations among the different phylogenetic lineages were much greater than those within the same phylogenetic lineage. A cluster analysis on environmental variables showed that the three independent lineages inhabit different environmental conditions, suggesting that they may have adapted to different environments. Based on the results, we propose that three independent ESUs should be recognized as conservation units for M. sieversii in China. 相似文献
13.
Kamolchanok Rukseree Chinae Thammarongtham Prasit Palittapongarnpim 《Enzyme and microbial technology》2008,43(7):500-506
Rv0363c (fba), encoding Class II fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), is one of the potential drug targets identified in our laboratory based on minimal gene set concept. The wild-type enzyme overproduction in E. coli had been reported. However, the purification procedure was relatively tedious and the yield was low. In this study, five histidine codons were introduced into the 3′ end of the amplified fba fragments. The expressed C-terminal histidine-tagged Class II FBA was produced in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and easily purified using immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The purified his-tagged FBA was characterized. Its biochemical properties were compared to the non-his-tagged enzyme purified according to the previous report. Both FBAs have similar characteristics such as native/subunit molecular mass, kinetic parameters, and temperature/pH optima and stability. The C-terminal his-tagged FBA can be a surrogate for the native enzyme and used for screening of inhibitors of FBA. This developed expression system will pave the way for high-throughput screening and crystallization studies. Moreover, in this study, a colorimetric FBA assay has been simplified to facilitate the mass screening of inhibitor of FBA. 相似文献
14.
基于线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I基因序列的帘蛤科贝类分子系统发育研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对21种帘蛤科贝类线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(cytochrome c oxidase subunit I,COI)基因核苷酸序列进行了分析,以探讨这一序列在种质鉴定、分子系统发生研究中的应用价值。测序结果表明,所有物种扩增片段长度均为707 bp(含引物),序列A+T含量(62.4%—67.8%)明显高于G+C含量。物种间共有变异位点379个,其中简约信息位点334个;此区段共编码235个氨基酸,种间共有氨基酸变异位点100个。以COI基因片段序列为标记,用中国蛤蜊(Mactra chinensis)作外群,构建了35种帘蛤科贝类(其中14种贝类COI序列从GenBank下载)的系统发生树,结合拓扑结构分析和序列比对分析,结果表明:支持将短文蛤(Meretrix petechinalis)和丽文蛤(M.lusoria)订为文蛤(M.meretrix)的同物异名的观点,建议将丽文蛤和短文蛤订为文蛤的地理亚种;支持将薄片镜蛤(Dosinia corrugata)和D.angulosa订为2个独立种的观点;认为将波纹巴非蛤(Paphia undulata)和织锦巴非蛤(P.textile)订为2个独立种是合适的。COI基因序列含有丰富的遗传信息,适合作为帘蛤科贝类种群遗传结构和系统发生研究的分子标记。 相似文献
15.
16.
Amandine Marty Yves Amigues Bertrand Servin Gilles Renand Hubert Levéziel Dominique Rocha 《Molecular biotechnology》2010,44(3):190-197
Correlation between expression level of the bovine DNAJA1 gene and meat tenderness was recently found in Charolais longissimus thoracis muscle samples, suggesting that this gene could play an important role in meat tenderness. Here, we report the validation
of polymorphisms within the bovine DNAJA1 gene, and the haplotype variability and extent of linkage disequilibrium in the three main French beef breeds (Blonde d’Aquitaine,
Charolais, Limousin). Genotyping 18 putative SNPs revealed that 16 SNPs were polymorphic within the breeds tested. Two SNPs
were removed from further analyses as one SNP had a low genotyping call rate, while the other SNP was not in Hardy–Weinberg
equilibrium. The degree of heterozygosity observed for the remaining 14 SNPs varied between breeds, with Charolais being the
breed with the highest genetic variation and Blonde d’Aquitaine the lowest. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype structure
of DNAJA1 were different between breeds. Eighteen different haplotypes, including three shared by all breeds, were discovered, and
two to three tag SNPs (depending on the breed) are sufficient to capture all the genetic variability seen in these haplotypes.
The results of this study will facilitate the design of optimal future association studies evaluating the role of the DNAJA1 gene in meat tenderness. 相似文献
17.
18.
F. Li H. Chen C. Z. Lei G. Ren J. Wang Z. J. Li J. Q. Wang 《Molecular biology reports》2010,37(1):501-505
In this study, polymorphism in the exon 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of bovine NUCB2 gene was detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing methods in 686 individuals from three Chinese cattle breeds. Two haplotypes
(M and N), three observed genotypes (MM, MN and NN) and two SNPs (NC_007313: g. 27451G>A, NC_007313: g. 27472T>C) were detected. The frequencies of haplotypes M and N in inland
Chinese three breeds were 0.531–0.721 and 0.279–0.469 respectively. The studied showed that Nanyang, Jiaxian Red and Qinchuan
cattle populations were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium at SNPs locus of NUCB2 gene (P > 0.05). Polymorphism of the NUCB2 gene was shown to be associated with growth traits in Qingchuan and Nanyang cattle breed. The linkage of two mutant sites
in the bovine NUCB2 gene had significant effects on body length, body weight, heart girth, and average daily gain at 24 months (P < 0.05). Results of this study suggested that the NUCB2-gene-specific SNP may be a useful marker for growth traits in future marker-assisted selection programmes in inland Chinese
cattle. 相似文献
19.
20.
Weimin Ma Lanzhen Wei Quanxi Wang Dingji Shi Haibao Chen 《Journal of applied phycology》2007,19(3):207-213
Non-regulated enzymes in the Calvin cycle are generally presumed to be less important for the regulation of photosynthetic
yield. Here, to investigate the relationship between the activity of non-regulated enzymes and photosynthetic yield, two non-regulated
enzymes in the Calvin cycle—a rice cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) and a spinach chloroplast triosephosphate
isomerase (TPI)—were cloned and co-expressed in cells of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. The activity of FBA and TPI and the photosynthetic yield reflected by photosynthetic O2 evolution and cell dry weight were measured and compared between wild-type and transgenic cells. Our results demonstrated
that the activity of FBA and TPI were increased in transgenic cells relative to wild-type cells, and that activity was further
increased in a transgenic strain harboring two sets of FBA-TPI tandem genes relative to cells containing one copy of the FBA-TPI
tandem gene. The increased activity of FBA and TPI in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 increased photosynthetic yield, with increased activity levels correlating closely with the degree of
changes in photosynthetic yield. This implies that the photosynthetic yield is limited by the activity of the non-regulated
enzymes FBA and TPI, and that the endogenous activity of non-regulated enzymes is not sufficient to increase photosynthetic
yield. We discuss the various roles of FBA and TPI, and regulated and non-regulated enzymes, in modulating photosynthetic
yield.
W. Ma and L. Wei contributed equally to this work. 相似文献