Systematics of Otarrha, a new Neotropical subgenus of Chimarra (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae)

Abstract. Subgenus Otarrha is established in genus Chimarra to include eighteen described species formerly placed either in subgenus Chimarra or unplaced to subgenus, and thirteen new species. All species are Neotropical, with collective distributions primarily in the Antilles (Greater and Lesser) and northern South America. One species occurs in southeastern Brazil and another species in Costa Rica and Panama. New species are described, recognized species redescribed (except for C. diannae and C. koki ), and a key to the identification of males in the subgenus is provided. Additionally, characters supporting monophyly of the subgenus and a phylogeny of its species are proposed. Described species transferred to this subgenus include Chimarra cubanorum Botosaneanu, C . diakis Flint, C . diannae Flint & Sykora, C . dominicana Flint, C . garciai Botosaneanu, C . guapa Botosaneanu, C . jamaicensis Flint, C . koki Botosaneanu, C . machaerophora Flint, C . patosa Ross, C . puertoricensis Flint, C . quadrifurcata Botosaneanu, C . retrorsa Flint, C . rossi Bueno-Soria, C . sensillata Flint, C . septemlobata Flint, C . septifera Flint and C . spinulifera Flint. Chimarra patosa is designated the type species of the subgenus. New species described in Otarrha include Chimarra amazonia (Peru), C . barinas (Venezuela), C . darlingtoni (Cuba), C . diaphora (Venezuela), C . incipiens (Venezuela), C . odonta (Brazil), C . parene (Peru), C . parilis (Peru), C . particeps (Peru), C . peruana (Peru), C . phthanorossi (Colombia), C . redonda (Dominican Republic) and C . tachuela (Venezuela). Two additional species are described and left incertae sedis to subgenus, Chimarra usitatissima Flint and C . angularis , sp.n. (Venezuela, Guyana).     

The genus Chaetomium in Iran, a phylogenetic study including six new species

Twenty-one species of Chaetomium known from Iran were compared on the basis of morphological and molecular characters. Six new species are recognized, five isolated from cereals and one from nematode cysts. A combined sequence dataset of the ITS region, partial LSU rDNA, and β-tubulin gene sufficiently resolved five species groups of Chaetomium that are largely concordant with combined features of peridium structure, ascospore shape and germ pore position. Among the new species C. undulatulum is a close relative of C. globosum, C. rectangulare is close to C. elatum, C. interruptum and C. grande are close to C. megalocarpum, altogether forming the C. globosum species group. Chaetomium iranianum and C. truncatulum are members of the C. carinthiacum species group, characterized by spirally coiled ascomatal hairs and fusiform ascospores. A chrysosporium-like anamorph is newly described for C. acropullum.     

Species of the genus Crotonia (Acari: Cryptostigmata) from New Zealand

Five new species of Crotonia from New Zealand ( C. cervicorna, C. cupulata, C. longibulbula, C. tuberculata and C. reticulata ) are described as new, and two species ( C. cophinana (Michael 1908) and C. caudatis (Hammer 1966)) are redescribed. Five species groups of the genus are characterized and a key to the adequately described species of the world is presented.     

Synopsis of Anthericum and Chlorophytum (Anthericaceae) in the Horn of Africa, including the description of nine new species

Three species of Anthericum and 32 species of Chlorophytum are recognized in Ethiopia and Somalia. Nine new species of Chlorophytum are described, illustrated and mapped: C. applanatum, C. filifolium, C. hiranense, C. littorale, C. nervosum, C. pendulum, C. petraeurn, C. pterocarpum , and C. ramosissimum . Several names are reduced to synonymy and lectotypifications are made in a number of cases. A key to the taxa is presented. One of the species of Anthericum and 16 of the species of Chlorophyturn are confined to the Somalia-Masai Region and endemic or near-endemic in the study area, while one Anthericum and two Chlorophytums are Afromontane endemics or near-endemics in Ethiopia. Most of the other species are more or less widespread mainly Sudano-Zambezian elements.     

Cortinarius subgenus Dermocybe in Greenland

The following species of Cortinarius subg. Dermocybe are recorded from Greenland: C. cinnamomeus, C. croceus, C. norvegicus, C. croceoconus, C. huronensis var. huronensis, C. uliginosus, C. cinnamomeoluteus , and C. polaris . Ecological and plant geographical features are discussed for each species. Cortinarius cinnamomeus and C. uliginosirs seem to be southern species never penetrating into the arctic zones; C. croceus, C. croceoconus, C. huronensis var. huronensis , and C. cinnamomeoluteus southern species penetrating into the arctic zones; and C. norvegicus and C. polaris true arctic species. Cortinarius norvegicus is probably continental, while the other species are distributed in continental as well as oceanic areas.     

Three new species of Centella series Montanae

Three new species of Centella are described: C. cryptocarpa, C. gymnocarpa and C. longifolia . These species are similar to C. montana and in order to clarify species limits, the latter is also described and illustrated. The concept of the series Montanae is broadened to include all species with transversely oblong fruit of which the commissure is narrower than the rest of the fruit.     

卡颖蜡蝉属Caristianus Distant中国种类记述（同翅目：颖蜡蝉科）

卡颖蜡蝉属ＣａｒｉｓｔｉａｎｕｓＤｉｓｔａｎｔ中国种类记述（同翅目：颖蜡蝉科）周尧,袁锋,王应伦（西北农业大学昆虫研究所,陕西省杨陵区７１２１００）关键词同翅目,颖蜡蝉科,卡颖蜡蝉属,新种,分类学,中国卡颖蜡蝉属ＣａｒｉｓｔｉａｎｕｓＤｉｓｔａｎｔ,...     

异胫长小蠹属中国记录种

我国2007年修订公布的《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录》将异胫长小蠹属非中国种作为我国进境植物检疫性有害生物。因此开展该类群中国记录种的厘订工作具有重要意义。本文记述了异胫长小蠹属中国记录种13种,即针叶异胫长小蠢Crossotarsus conife瑚、缺刻异胫长小蠹cemancipatus、外齿异胫长小蠹cexternedentatus、壳斗异胫长小蠹cfagacearum、黄翅长小蠹c伽o,,啪u纽础、端刺异胫长小蠢Cimpariporus,日本异胫长小蠢cniponicus、黑异胫长小蠹c．piceus、台湾异胫长小蠢csauteri、简长小蠹csimplex、鳞异胫长小蠹c．squamulatus、端异胫长小蠢Cterminatus和华氏异胫长小蠹c．wallacei,对这些种类的主要形态特征进行了描述,并编制了种类检索表。同时整理出了这些种类的寄主及分布。     

Three new species of Centella series Glabratae (Apiaceae)

Three new species of Centella series Glabratae are described in this paper: C. brachycarpa, C. dolichocarpa and C. pilosa. These species are similar to C. difformis , and in order to clarify species limits the latter is also described and illustrated. The fruit shape and the bulging commissure of the new species show that the sectional limits of the series Glabratae will have to be revised to include C. difformis and related species, previously associated with the series Montanae.     

中国钩瘿蚊属分类研究(双翅目,瘿蚊科)

记述了中国鼓瘿蚊亚科钩瘿蚊属7种,其中2种:长角钩瘿蚊C.longicornis sp.nov.(模式产地:陕西凤县)、背折钩瘿蚊C.retrorsa sp.nov.(模式产地:云南屏边)为科学上的新种,另外5种:美丽钩瘿蚊C.formosa(Bremi)(分布:湖南、云南、吉林),日本钩瘿蚊C.mpponensis Yukawa(分布: 甘肃、四川、湖北),尖瓣钩瘿蚊C.hamata (Felt) (分布:湖南、贵州),狭眼钩瘿蚊C.neueitasis (Zetterstedt)(分布:甘肃)和锯齿钩瘿蚊C.serrata Yukawa (分布:陕西、甘肃、福建)为中国新纪录种.编制了钩瘿蚊属中国已知种种类检索表.模式标本保存于南开大学生物系昆虫标本室.     

The classification, evolution and biology of the Costa Rican species of Cryptophion (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

The six known Costa Rican species of the campoplegine ichneumonid genus Cryptophion Viereck are described and keyed. The distribution of species throughout Costa Rica is detailed based on data gathered by an intensive Malaise trap survey of the ichneumonids of the country. Five new species are recognized: C. espinozai. C. guillermoi, C. manueli. C. moragai and C. tickelli , and a sixth, C. inaequalipes (Cresson) redescribed. The monophyly of the genus is demonstrated and the phylogeny of the Costa Rican species reconstructed. Host relationships have been established for all species in Costa Rica; they develop as koinobiont endoparasitoids of first to third instar larvae of Sphingidae or Saturniidae. Analysis of the host relationships from a phylogenetic perspective suggested that the genus first evolved using macroglossine sphingid larvae feeding on rubiaceous understorey plants as hosts, and subsequently diversified to utilize sphingine sphingids and ceratocampine saturniids feeding on a variety of food-plants. Most species appear to be monophagous and oligophagy is apparently a derived feature of one sister-species pair, C. espinozai and C. manueli . In Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica, only a small proportion of the species of Saturniidae and Sphingidae present are used as hosts by Cryptophion species. No one host species is parasitized by more than one Cryptophion species. No species of Cryptophion is known to parasitize more than one host species feeding on any one plant species. The monophagous species C. inaequalipes is only known to develop in its sphingid host when that host is feeding on one of its two alternative food-plants.     

从线粒体控制区全序列变异看短颌鲚和湖鲚的物种有效性

经克隆测序获得我国七丝鲚(Coilia grayii)、凤鲚(C. mystus)、刀鲚(C. nasus)和短颌鲚(C. brachygnathus)以及太湖湖鲚(C. nasus taihuensis)等4个种和1亚种32尾个体的mtDNA D-loop区全序列, 以日本鳀(Engraulis japonicus)和秘鲁鳀(E. ringens)为外类群构建了中国鲚属的分子系统发育树, 并讨论了短颌鲚和湖鲚的物种有效性。结果显示, 七丝鲚的D-loop区全序列长1,208 bp, 凤鲚1,279–1,361 bp, 刀鲚1,252–1,290 bp, 短颌鲚1,214–1,252 bp, 湖鲚1,252–1,442 bp, 除七丝鲚外的其他种类个体间均表现出序列长度的多态性。短颌鲚、刀鲚和湖鲚三者间的平均K 2-P遗传距离仅为0.011–0.020, 明显小于它们与凤鲚、七丝鲚及外类群间的遗传距离(0.051–0.349)。以邻接法和最大简约法构建的系统发育树表明, 刀鲚、短颌鲚及湖鲚均未各自构成单系, 而是共同构成一个单系群, 三者并未发生显著分化。研究表明, 短颌鲚和湖鲚为刀鲚的淡水生态型种群, 并非有效物种。系统发育分析表明, 中国鲚属3个有效物种间以凤鲚最为原始, 刀鲚和七丝鲚为姐妹群, 处于较进化的位置。推测凤鲚可能是鲚属祖先种最早从起源中心扩散到西北太平洋的后裔, 而刀鲚和七丝鲚则是凤鲚在演化过程中分别适应寒冷和温暖气候而分化出的物种。     

中国鞘蛾科研究(鳞翅目):宽棘鞘蛾组研究及十二新种记述(英文)

本文报道鞘蛾属宽棘鞘蛾组（Coleophorasalicorniaegroup）分布于中国的29个种,其中包括12个新种和15个中国新纪录种：小瓣连棘鞘蛾ColeophoraarmeniaebaldizzoneetPatzak新纪录于新疆（乌鲁木齐、精河、察布查尔、塔城、北屯）,国外分布于乌克兰、亚美尼亚、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦;直连棘鞘蛾C．artaFalkovitsh新纪录于青海（循化）,国外分布蒙古;驼绒基连棘鞘蛾C.ceratoidis（Falkovitsh）新纪录于新疆（塔城）,同外分布于蒙古和俄罗斯;小蓬连棘鞘蛾C．diogenesFalkovitsh新纪录于新疆（乌鲁木齐）,国外分布乌兹别克斯坦;骨茎连棘鞘蛾（新种）C．ossaedeagasp．nov．分布青海（湟源）;垂瓣连棘鞘蛾（新种）C．pendulivalvulasp.nov.分布新疆（乌鲁木齐）;毛角连棘鞘蛾C．pilicornisRebel新纪录于陕两（杨陵）、内蒙古（赤峰、锡林浩特）、黑龙江（黑河）,国外分布匈牙利、罗马利亚、南斯拉夫、俄罗斯（乌苏里）和蒙古;韦氏连棘鞘蛾C．weymarniToll分布于内蒙古（扎兰屯、锡林浩特、东乌珠穆沁）、黑龙江（黑河、五大连池）;宽瓣束棘鞘蛾（新种）C.lativalvasp.nov．分布新疆（乌鲁木齐）、内蒙古（锡林浩特、东乌珠穆沁）、黑龙江（五大连池）;新散棘鞘蛾（新种）C．novisqualorell     

Chromodorid opisthobranch Mollusca from the Indo-West Pacific

Seven species of Chromodoris and one of Hypselodoris are described from collections from the Indo-West Pacific. Of the species of Chromodoris, two are from Fiji, two are from the Gulf of Kutch in north-western India, one being a new species, and three are from the coast of East Africa. Hypselodoris infucata is described from both the Gulf of Kutch and Zanzibar.
C. youngbleuthi and C. inopinata are compared with published accounts of five other species with red reticulate markings (C. tinctoria, C. alderi, C. reticulata, C. obsoleta and Risbecia reticulata) and it is suggested that apart from C. alderi, which is considered a junior synonym of C. tinctoria, all these species are distinct.
C. inornata Pease, which has often been confused with other forms with red or purple spots, is compared with published information on eight other species (C. petechialis, C. daphne, C. festiva (Angas), C. splendida, C. tenuis, C. tumulifera, C. splendens and C. inornata Gohar & Soliman). It is suggested that all these forms are distinct and that C. inornata Gohar & Soliman, which is distinct from C. inornata Pease, should take the name Chromodoris dollfusi Pruvot-Fol 1933.     

浙江及其邻近地区的紫堇属植物

浙江及其邻近地区有紫堇属(Corydalis Vent.)植物18种、5变种和1变型。本文各并了2变种,订正了1种的名称,发表2个新变种——全叶土元胡和浙江黄堇,并提升1个变种——无距小花黄堇。讨论了小花黄堇、全叶延胡索和台湾黄堇的某些问题。文中附名录和分布表及种子扫描电镜照片10张。