剪切力诱导微血管内皮细胞K~ 通道的开放

利用膜片钳及内皮细胞流动小室方法对大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞在剪切力作用下内皮细胞膜K 通道的开放进行了初步研究 ,结果提示脑微血管内皮细胞膜上存在剪切力敏感的K 通道 ,剪切力作用后 ,内皮细胞膜上K 电流明显增大 ,此电流有明显的短暂延迟现象 ,也可以被胞外施加的TEA抑制 ,符合IKv特征。流动剪切力可以通过影响内皮细胞膜上的K 通道的开放引起穿细胞的离子通透性的增加 ,进而引起细胞内Ca2 的变化。在K 、Ca2 等离子浓度改变的诱导下可以促使G -Actin装配为F -Actin。同时诱导内皮细胞内钙库调节机制的激活 ,这些变化都可以进一步引起细胞信号转导机制的激活。该工作为进一步开展剪切力对微血管内皮细胞信号转导机制的影响提供了实验数据。     

腺苷对缺氧时海马神经元内游离Ca^2＋的影响

实验用Ｆｌｕｏ－３负载细胞,在激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下直接监测缺氧后分散培养的大鼠海马ＣＡ１区神经元内游离Ｃａ＾２＋浓度（［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ）的变化,观察腺苷对这种变化的影响并初步探讨其作用机制。结果发现,急性缺氧使海马神经元［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ显著升高;腺苷（１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）明显抑制缺氧引起的［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ增高,腺苷Ａ１受体拮抗剂ＣＰＴ以及Ｋ＾＋通道阻断剂４－ＡＰ和ＡＴＰ敏感性Ｋ＾＋通道阻断剂ｇｌ     

T—2毒素对心肌细胞三型钙通道的阻滞作用

用膜片钳连细胞电压钳法,在培养的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠单个心肌细胞上记录了Ｔ－２毒素对Ｂ,Ｌ和Ｔ三型Ｃａ＾２＋通道单通道电活动的影响,结果表明,Ｔ－２毒素浓度为１０ｍｇ／Ｌ时,心肌细胞Ｂ,Ｌ和Ｔ三型Ｃａ＾２＋通道均受到有显的阻滞,其阻滞作用表现为Ｃａ＾２＋通道的开放概率减小,开放时间缩短,关闭时间延长,而对流过Ｃａ＾２｜通道的Ｂａ＾２＋流幅值无影响。     

人脐静脉内皮细胞的生物学特性及细胞内信号转导机制

本实验对人脐静脉内皮细胞（ＨＵＶＥＣ）合成与释放篾这活性多肽（ＶＰｓ）及其作用机制进行了研究。结果表明：（１）无神经支配的人脐血管内皮细胞（ＶＥＣ）所含ＶＰｓ较有神经支配的肠系膜血管ＶＥＣ多;（２）这些ＶＰＳ是ＶＥＣ自身合成且能释放到胞外;（３）血管活性肠肽（ＶＩＰ）和Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）使ＨＵＶＥＣ膜上Ｃａ＾２＋通道开放概率明显增加,生长抑制（ＳＯＭ）使其明显降低,但它们均使胞浆内「Ｃａ＾２＋」和ＣＡ     

大鼠纹状体神经元中乙酰胆碱激活的离子通道

用膜片钳技术对培养的纹状体神经元膜上的乙酰胆碱激活的离子通道进行了研究。结果表明,单通道电流为内向电流,随着超极化程度增大而增加,随着去极化程度增大而减少;翻转电位为１５．０±６．１ｍＶ,电导为８２．７１±１６．１７ｐＳ;通道的开放时间分布直方图和关闭时间分布直方图均需双指数拟合,开放时间分布直方图的时间常数分别为１．９３ｍｓ和５．７３ｍｓ,关闭时间分布直方图的时间常数则为０．５２８ｍｓ和２．３２ｍｓ;通道的平均开放时间和开放概率均与超极化程度无明显相关关系。由于电极液中含ＡＣｈ和Ｋ￣＋通道阻断剂Ｃｓ￣＋而不含Ｎａ￣＋或Ｃａ￣（２＋）,且浴槽液中含Ｎａ￣＋通道阻断剂河豚毒素,因此可排除内向Ｎａ￣＋流、Ｃａ￣（２＋）流和Ｋ￣＋流,提示内向电流为ＡＣｈ激活的通道电流。     

两类Ca^2＋通道拮抗剂对脑缺血时Ca^2＋／CaM PKhⅡ活性抑制的保护 …

本文以蒙古沙土鼠双颈总动脉结扎（ＢＣＡＯ）前脑缺血模型Ｃａ＾２＋／ＣａＭ ＰＫⅡ活性变化为指标,研究了以氯胺酮（ＫＴ）、右美沙芬（ＤＭ）、苄丙咯（ＢＰ）及硝苯吡啶（ＮＤ）为代表的配体门控Ｃａ＾２＋通道（ＬＧＣＣ）及电压门控Ｃａ＾２＋通道（ＶＧＣＣ）两类Ｃａ＾２＋通道拮抗剂对缺血性脑损伤的保护作用。结果如下：（１）脑缺血后,胞浆型及颗粒型Ｃａ＾２＋／ＣａＭ ＰＫⅡ活性均明显下降;（２）缺血前单独用药     

体外培养新生大鼠大脑皮层星形神经元钾通道的特性及膜外钾离子浓度对其影响

用膜片钳技术中的细胞贴附方式和内面向外方式,首次在新生大鼠大脑皮层星形神经元胞体膜上记录到一类电压依赖性钾通道。此通道可被２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＴＥＡ,５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｂａ＾２＋,１４０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｃｓ＾＋阻断,不受２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ４－ＡＰ影响,其激活不依赖Ｃａ＾２＋。膜外钾离子浓度对通道的特性有显著的影响,逆转电位随Ｋ＾＋的增大而增大,并表现出一定的饱和现象,两者的对数呈线性关系;同一驱动电位下,     

镁,钙子对组装于人工膜上CF0—CF1质子传导的影响

在电压箝位下,研究Ｍｇ＾２＋、Ｃａ＾２＋对重组于平板脂双层上ＣＦ０－ＣＦ１质子传导的影响,表明：（１）跨膜质子梯度０时（ΔｐＨ＝０）,在３０￣１５０ｍＶ范围内有大量的金Ｃａ＾２＋引起的正电流比在无金属离子溶液中的一定幅度的增加。在５０ｍＶ以上,Ｍｇ＾２＋比Ｃａ＾２＋有更大的促进正向电流的作用;（２）当ΔｐＨ＝３时,Ｍｇ＾２＋比Ｃａ＾２＋更有显著增加正向膜电流的作用,电压在０ｍＶ时就已显示出来;（３     

大鼠胰腺β细胞离子通道的一些特性

实验以单个Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠胰腺β细胞为对象,用穿孔膜片箝和细胞贴附式记录技术研究ＡＴＰ敏感Ｋ＾＋通道（ＫＡＴＰ）、延迟整流型Ｋ＾＋通道（ＫＤＲ）、Ｃａ＾２＋通道和Ｎａ＾＋通道的有关特性。结果表明：⑴ＫＡＴＰ通道的内流电导约６５ｐＳ,外流电导约３１ｐＳ,反转电位在－６０ｍＶ左右;⑵ＫＤＲ通道在延迟２０ｍｓ后达到最大激活,ＫＤＲ电流约为ＫＡＴＰ的１／３;⑶钙电流在０ｍＶ左右达到４０－６０ｐＡ的峰值,Ｌ     

细胞外Ba^2＋对内向整流钾通道的阻断作用

实验采用双微电极电压箝（ＴＥＶ）法研究Ｂａ＾２＋对非洲爪蟾卵母细胞表达的内向整流钾通道（ＩＲＫ１）的阻断作用。细胞外Ｂａ＾２＋浓度分别为０,１,３,１０和１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｋ＾＋浓度分别为１０和９０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,可见快速开通道阻断剂Ｂａ＾２＋对ＩＲＫ１的瞬间电流（施加电压后１ｍｓ）的阻断作用依赖Ｂａ＾２＋、Ｋ＾＋、时间和电压;但对ＩＲＫ１的开关特性几乎无影响,ＩＲＫ１对之不通透。三级指数拟合的结     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.