ERRATA

WARBURG, M. R., 1965. On the water economy of some Australianland snails. Proc. malac. Soc. Lond. 36, 297–305. Page 298: second line from bottom, should read ‘within± 1 µg for Themapupa’. Page 300: Fig. 2 legend, should read ‘Evaporative waterloss from Sinumelon remissum (a), Pleuroxia sp. (b) and Themapupaadelaidae (c)’. Page 300: section 4 heading, should read ‘Continuous curvesfor water loss’. Page 301: second line, for ‘Fig. 9’ read ‘Fig.3’. Page 301: Table 1, last line, for ‘0.120024’ read‘0.12024’. Present address: Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona,Israel.     

ERRATUM

The publishers apologize for the following errors, which appearedin Plant Geosensors by L. J. Audus (pp. 1051–1073): Page 1058, line 9: the expression should read P = (L²/D)/(l/q) Page 1068, paragraph (c) line 11: should read ‘reticulum, which was fairly uniformly peripheralin vertical roots, aggregated on the’     

Jacques Le Magnen (1916-2002)

View larger version (162K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Jacques Le Magnen with his wife Régine on July 14, 1976, the eve of ISOT VI, which he organized at Gif-sur-Yvette.   One of the pioneers in research on olfaction and taste, andon the regulation of water and food intake left us on Thursday,May 23, 2002, at the age of 85. Jacques Le Magnen was a discipleof the famous French physiologist Henri Piéron at theCollège de France, and from 1949 till 1989 developedhis own laboratory of sensory     

Observation of multiple folding pathways of beta-hairpin trpzip2 from independent continuous folding trajectories

Motivation: After 10-year investigations, the folding mechanismsof β-hairpins are still under debate. Experiments stronglysupport zip-out pathway, while most simulations prefer the hydrophobiccollapse model (including middle-out and zip-in pathways). Inthis article, we show that all pathways can occur during thefolding of β-hairpins but with different probabilities.The zip-out pathway is the most probable one. This is in agreementwith the experimental results. We came to our conclusions by38 100-ns room-temperature all-atom molecular dynamics simulationsof the β-hairpin trpzip2. Our results may help to clarifythe inconsistencies in the current pictures of β-hairpinfolding mechanisms. Contact: yxiao{at}mail.hust.edu.cn Supplementary information: Supplementary data are availableat Bioinformatics online. Associate Editor: Anna Tramontano     

Hyperforin Accumulates in the Translucent Glands of Hypericum perforatum

Annals of Botany 99: 1097–1100, 2007 Unfortunately in Fig. 1D     

Effects of Blue Light Pretreatments on Internode Extension Growth in Mustard Seedlings after the Transition to Darkness: Analysis of the Interaction with Phytochrome

The effects of blue light (B) pretreatments on internode extensiongrowth and their possible interaction with phytochrome mediatedresponses were examined in Sinapis alba seedlings grown for11 d under 280 µmol m^–2 s^–1 of continuousblue-deficient light from low pressure sodium lamps (SOX). SupplementaryB (16 µmol m^–2 s^–1) caused no detectable inhibitionof the first internode growth rate under continuous SOX, butgrowth rate was inhibited after transfer to darkness. This effect,and the growth promotion caused by far-red bend-of-day' lightpulses were additive. The addition of B at 16 µmol m^–2s^–1 during 11 d, or only during the first 9 or 10 d orthe latest 0.75, 1 or 2 d of the SOX pretreatment caused approximatelythe same extent of inhibition after the transition to darkness.A single hour of supplementary B before darkness caused morethan 50% of the maximum inhibition. However, 24 h of lower fluencerates of B (4 or 7 µmol m^–2 s^–1) were ineffective.Covering the internode during the supplementary B period didnot prevent the response to B after the transition to darkness.Far-red light given simultaneously with B (instead of the SOXbackground) reduced the inhibitory effect of B. Above a given threshold fluence rate, B perceived mainly inthe leaves inhibits extension growth in subsequent darkness,provided that high phytochrome photo-equilibria are presentduring the irradiation with B. Once triggered, this effect doesnot interact significantly with the ‘end-of-day’phytochrome effect. Key words: Blue light, extension growth, phytochrome     

Recalling Taste Intensities in Sweetened and Salted Liquids

The effect of training on recalling taste intensities over 6weeks was studied using an ad libitum mixing procedure. Subjectstasted sweet and salty standards labeled as ‘weak’and ‘strong’ (3 and 8% sucrose in redcurrant juice;0.4 and 1.2% NaCl in beef broth). They subsequently mixed unsweetenedand sweetened juice, and unsalted and salted broth, to producetaste intensities that corresponded to the standards. A minimumtraining (MT) group (n = 13) produced comparison stimuli bytasting and directly comparing with standards in one sessiononly; an extensive training (ET) group (n = 13) did this insix sessions before producing comparison stimuli based on memoryonly at 1 h, 1 day, 1 week and 6 weeks. An upward bias (chemicallydetermined concentrations of comparison stimuli exceeding thoseof standards) occurred at 1 day or 1 week in MT subjects for‘weak’ and ‘strong’ sweetness, and for‘strong’ saltiness, and sustained thereafter. Theupward tendency was also observed in ET subjects but was significantonly for ‘strong’ sweetness. It is important torecognize memory effects such as the one described, as theyaffect food perceptions and can be a major source of bias insensory food research. Chem. Senses 21: 29–34, 1996. ³Current address: Psychonomics Department, Utrecht University,Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands     

CFTR modulates programmed cell death by decreasing intracellular pH in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts

To study the potentialinfluence of cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (CFTR) onintracellular pH regulation during apoptosis induction, we usedPS120 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts devoid of theNa⁺/H⁺ exchanger (NHE1 isoform) transfectedwith constructs, allowing the expression of CFTR and/or NHE1. Kineticsof lovastatin-induced apoptosis were measured by orceinstaining, double staining with Hoechst-33258, propidium iodide, DNAfragmentation, and annexin V labeling. In PS120 control cells, thepercentage of apoptotic cells after 40 h of lovastatintreatment was 23 ± 3%, whereas in PS120 CFTR-transfected cells,this percentage was 40 ± 4%. In PS120 NHE1 cells, thetransfection with CFTR did not modify the percentage of apoptoticcells after 40 h (control: 19 ± 3%, n = 8;CFTR: 17 ± 1%, n = 8), indicating that blockingintracellular acidification by overexpressing theNa⁺/H⁺ exchanger inhibited the enhancement ofapoptosis induced by CFTR. In all cell lines, the initial pHvalues were identical (pH = 7.46 ± 0.04, n = 9), and treatment with lovastatin led to intracellular acidification.However, the pH value after 40 h was lower in PS120 CFTR-transfected cells (pH = 6.85 ± 0.02, n = 10) than in PS120 cells (pH = 7.15 ± 0.03, n = 10). To further investigate the origin of thisincreased intracellular acidification observed in CFTR-transfected cells, the activity of the DIDS-inhibitableCl/HCO exchanger was studied.8-Bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate incubation resulted inCl/HCO exchanger activation in PS120 CFTR-transfected cells but had no effect on PS120 cells. Together, ourresults suggest that CFTR can enhance apoptosis in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts, probably due to the modulation of the Cl/HCO exchanger, resulting in a more efficient intracellular acidification.

     

Myocardial blood flow heterogeneity in shock and small-volume resuscitation in pigs with coronary stenosis

Kleen, Martin, Martin Welte, Peter Lackermeier, OliverHabler, Gregor Kemming, and Konrad Messmer. Myocardial blood flowheterogeneity in shock and small-volume resuscitation in pigs withcoronary stenosis. J. Appl. Physiol.83(6): 1832-1841, 1997.We analyzed the effects of shock andsmall-volume resuscitation in the presence of coronary stenosis onfractal dimension (D) and spatialcorrelation (SC) of regional myocardial perfusion. Hemorrhagic shockwas induced and maintained for 1 h. Pigs were resuscitated withhypertonic saline-dextran 60 [HSDex, 10% of shed blood volume(SBV)] or normal saline (NS; 80% of SBV). Therapy was continuedafter 30 min with dextran (10% SBV). At baseline, D was 1.39 ± 0.06 (mean ± SE;HSDex group) and 1.34 ± 0.04 (NS group). SC was 0.26 ± 0.07 (HSDex) and 0.26 ± 0.04 (NS). Left anterior descending coronaryartery stenosis changed neither D norSC. Shock significantly reduced D(i.e., homogenized perfusion): 1.26 ± 0.06 (HSDex) and 1.23 ± 0.05 (NS). SC was increased: 0.41 ± 0.1 (HSDex) and 0.48 ± 0.07 (NS). Fluid therapy with HSDex further decreasedD to 1.22 ± 0.05, whereas NS didnot change D. SC was increased by bothHSDex (0.56 ± 0.1) and NS (0.53 ± 0.06). At 1 h afterresuscitation, SC was constant in both groups, andD was reduced only in the NS group(1.18 ± 0.02). We conclude that hemorrhagic shock homogenizedregional myocardial perfusion in coronary stenosis and that fluidtherapy failed to restore this.

     

Intercellular Transport and Cytoplasmic Streaming in Chara hispida

The correlation between the velocities of cytoplasmic streamingand of translocation of ¹⁴C-photosynthate and ³²P-phosphateassociated radioactivity has been investigated in whole plantsof the green freshwater alga Chara hispida L. Tracer was suppliedto the plant's rhizoid system in a split-chamber. The velocityof cytoplasmic streaming of 52±3.3 µm s^–1compares with 57±10 µm s^–1 found for ¹⁴C-transportand 32±20 µm s^–1 found for ³²P-transport.There was no indication of intercellular translocation at avelocity faster than visible streaming. Cytochalasin B inhibitedthe translocation of ³²P and cytoplasmic streaming. CytochalasinB becomes fully effective in inhibiting streaming and transportafter an incubation time of at least 5 h. Key words: Chara hispida, Cytoplasmic streaming, Intercellular transport     

UMBONIUM VESTIARIUM (L.) (GASTROPODA, TROCHACEA) AS THE FOOD SOURCE FOR NATICID GASTROPODS AND A STARFISH ON A MALAYSIAN SANDY SHORE

Umbonium vestiarium (L.) forms virtually the entire diet of3 (possibly 4) species of naticid snails and the starfish Astropectenvappa Mueller annd Troschel on some north Penang sandy shores.Umbonium comprises about 99% of numbers and tissue of macrofauna.Predation totalled some 1.75 Umbonium (ca. 33 mg dry tissue).m^-2.day^-1 across much of the downshore sand flats rising to 2.3Umbonium (ca. 45 mg). m^-2. day^-1 near MLWS. Natica maculosaLamarck comprised > 80% of the predators and took 77–94%of the Umbonium eaten. Natica antonii Phillippi alone addedto this toll on the upper reaches of the zone while Polinicesspp and Astropecten appear to have taken 12–14% of thetotal toll of Umbonium near MLWS. Total predation is indicatedat 237–327 kJ.m^-2. year^-1 across the shore and this representsalmost the total flow of energy from primary consumers to intertidalbenthic predators on such shores and accounts for some 15.6%(lower shore)—20.5% (upper shore) of total Umbonium production. (Received 10 September 1982;     

PETALIFERA HABEI, A NEW SPECIES FROM JAPAN ADDENDUM

Since Petalifera habei was described in the Proceedings, 34,1, 12–18, April 1960, I have received from Dr. K. Babaa short account of the same species in Publ. Seto. mar. biol.Lab. 7, 3, 337–338. December, 1959, under the title "Thegenus Petalifera and a new species, P. ramosa, from Japan".I was unaware that Dr. Baba intended to describe it. As hispaper antedates mine, his name, Petalifera ramosa, must replaceP. Habei.     

Effect of photoinhibition on algal photosynthesis: a dynamic model

Recent evidence from algal physiology and molecular biologyconfirms that photoinhibition is directly related to D1 proteindamage and recovery, and D1 protein damage leads to a decreasein electron transfer or an increase in turnover time of theelectron transfer chain. In this study, the turnover time ofthe electron transfer chain is defined as a function of therelative concentration of D1 protein in reaction centre II andthe photoinhibition processes due to D1 protein degradationare incorporated into a model of photosynthesis, initiated byDubinsky et al. (Plant Cell Physiol., 27, 1335–1349, 1986)and developed by Sakshaug et al. (Limnol. Oceanogr., 34, 198–205,1989). D1 protein damage is assumed to be both light and D1protein concentration dependent, and to be proportional to thecross-section of PSII (     

Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution (SMBE) Council and Business Meetings, 2004 State College, Pennsylvania, USA

Council Meeting

1. Call to order.—President John Avise called the meetingto order at 9:00 AM, 17 June 2004. In attendance were PresidentJohn Avise, Treasurer Marta L. Wayne, Editorial Advisory Boardmember Stanley A. Sawyer, Editor William Martin, Past- PresidentNaoyuki Takahata, Secretary Sudhir Kumar, and Councillors G.Brian Golding, Laura A. Katz, and Jody Hey. President-ElectJeffrey R. Powell arrived later due to flight delays. The meetingbegan with Introductions.
2. Approval of minutes.—Councilapproved the minutes of the2003 Council and Business meetings,published in the December2003 issue of the journal MolecularBiology and Evolution (MBE).
3. Editor's report.—Most ofthe meeting addressed a discussionconcerning the Journal'sfuture and dealings with the OxfordUniversity Press (OUP) (seereport).
4. Treasurer's report.—Treasurer Marta L. Waynesummarizedthe financial state of the Society (see report).The fiscalyear has now changed to January–December (coincidentwith     

Gut evacuation rates and ingestion rates of Eudiaptomus graciloides measured by means of the gut fluorescence method

Journal of Plankton Research, 8, 973–983, 1986 FIg. 2. Time-dependent changes in the gut content (percentageof initial ng pigment) of E. gro.ciloides at different temperaturesunder simultaneous feeding. Fig. 4. The relationship between instantaneous evacuation rateand temperature of E. graciloides. The regresston equation forfeeding animals: y = 0.0044 e(0.141 ) (r² = 0.90). For comparisonthe results of non-feeding animals are indicated with open circles.     

Editorial

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. THE RICH DIVERSITY OF GENOMICS—A REPORT ON THE ‘COMPARATIVE AND FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS (BITS) WORKSHOP’, HINXTON, UK, 27–30 OCTOBER 2005 The Comparative and Functional Genomics (BITS) Workshop hasa history that in many ways reflects the changing face of moderngenomics. Started 15 years ago under the banner of ‘Identificationof the Transcribed Sequence’, the meeting was designedto bring together leading researchers from around the worldwho were pioneering new global approaches to gene discoveryin a small workshop setting. As more and more transcribed sequencesbecame known, the emphasis of the meeting, like the communityit served, focused on how to characterize the function of allthe newly acquired genes. A decision was therefore made to changeits name to ‘Beyond the Identification of the TranscribedSequence Workshop’, or BITS for short. As the years havepassed the meeting has continued to diversify and change (ashas its name), but it has continued to attract scientists tothe cutting edge of genomics research. At this year's meeting,hosted . . . [Full Text of this Article]     

Origins, Lineage-Specific Expansions, and Multiple Losses of Tyrosine Kinases in Eukaryotes

Figures 2 and 3 of this article should have appeared as shownbelow. The publisher regrets the error. View larger version (42K): [in this window] [in a new window]   FIG. 2.— Kinase phylogeny and conservation of domain organization. The kinase domains of tyrosine kinases were aligned and     

Floral Ontogeny in Scirpus, Eriophorum and Dulichium (Cyperaceae), with Special Reference to the Perianth

Annals of Botany 95: 1199–1209, 2005 Unfortunately, Figure 7 of this article was printed as a negative.The correct figure appears overleaf. The publisher apologizes     

David Ottoson (1918-2001)

View larger version (86K): [in this window] [in a new window]   David Ottoson. Photograph © IBRO.   A master in our field of sensory physiology has passed awayafter a short, but painful illness. He left his wife Inger anddaughter Gabrielle Ahlberg. David Ottoson was born and spent his childhood in Chalgan, China,where his parents were missionaries. David first studied odontology,then medicine, and started his scientific career in 1952 asa research assistant at the Department of Physiology at KarolinskaInstitutet, Stockholm. His thesis `Analysis of the electrical