硫酸铵三步盐析对藻胆蛋白纯化的影响

主要研究了多次硫酸铵盐析对条斑紫菜藻胆蛋白提取纯化效果。对分离提取的对条斑紫菜藻胆蛋白溶液进行了3次硫酸氨溶液盐析,实验结果表明:55%饱和度可以将绝大部分藻胆蛋白盐析;采用不同组合(15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%7个饱和度分别与50%、55%、60%3个饱和度两两组合)二步硫酸铵盐析沉淀藻胆蛋白,使R-藻红蛋白和C-藻蓝蛋白的盐析后纯度(A564/A280)分别达到了1.0和0.45以上,得率分别为1.4%和0.95%;第3次硫酸铵盐析使R-藻红蛋白、C-藻蓝蛋白的纯度分别达到了1.4和0.4以上,最终产率分别为1.3%和0.8%,而变藻蓝蛋白产率有所下降(从0.65%到0.49%),但纯度变化不大。实验证明了采用多次盐析方法可以很大程度提高藻胆蛋白纯度。     

两种藻胆蛋白对人喉癌Hep-2细胞的光动力杀伤效果

从条斑紫菜中提取高纯度R-藻红蛋白(R-PE)和R-藻蓝蛋白(c-pc),采用MTT法测定主要研究了不同浓度(10、25、50和100μg/ml)R-PE和C-PC分别介导的光动力效应对人喉癌Hep-2细胞的生存率的影响.实验结果显示,两种藻胆蛋白的光动力作用对Hep-2细胞具有杀伤作用.在浓度为100μg/ml,照射剂量为5OJ/cm2的条件下,藻蓝蛋白对应的细胞存活率为64%.藻红蛋白对应的仅为57%;单用碘钨灯处理,Hep-2细胞的存活率达到86.9%;而单独使用这两种藻胆蛋白处理Hep-2细胞,培养24h后,低浓度藻胆蛋白(10、25μg/ml)对细胞的抑制效果不明显,高浓度对细胞生长具有一定的抑制效果,抑制率为68%.实验证明条斑紫菜R-藻红蛋白和C-藻蓝蛋白具有可开发人喉癌治疗光敏剂应用前景.     

极大螺旋藻藻胆蛋白提纯工艺初试

目的:螺旋藻富含藻胆蛋白,其附加值高,本实验对螺旋藻藻胆蛋白提取工艺做初步探索;方法:比较了组织捣碎法,冻融法,超声波法释放螺旋藻藻胆蛋白的效果,并用硫酸铵盐析,羟基磷灰石层析进一步提纯,对结果作了吸收光谱和SDS电泳鉴定;结果:显示超声波法破碎效果好,两次羟基磷灰石层析所得蛋白纯度较高;结论:表明本实验流程相对以往工艺经济,省力,省时,对螺旋藻藻胆蛋白的规模提取有一定实用价值。     

条斑紫菜藻胆蛋白提纯方法优化探索

采用溶胀法与组织捣碎法相结合的紫菜叶状体细胞破碎方法.研究了不同物液比、缓冲液浸泡时间和硫酸氨盐析次数对藻胆蛋白纯度和产率的影响,对比了各种羟基磷灰石的层析效果,并对所得藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白做了吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱和SDS-PAGE鉴定.结果表明,在物液比为1:5,浸泡时间为36h时,紫菜综合破碎效果最佳;经过4次硫酸氨盐析后,藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白的纯度最高,分别达到1.71和0.98,采用Siegelman的方法制备的羟基磷灰石一次层析所得藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白的纯度最高,分别达到4.73和4.42,产率分别为0.144%和0.042%,且光谱和电泳鉴定结果均达到商品化要求.     

条斑紫菜藻红、藻蓝蛋白α和β亚基基因序列测定及分析

为了获得江苏吕泗的条斑紫菜藻红蛋白α(Pea)和β(Peb)亚基、藻 蓝蛋白α(Pca)和β(Pcb)亚基基因的DNA序列,本文对其基因进行了克隆、 序列测定及分析.根据已发表的基因序列(DQ666487.1)设计引物,对提取自 条斑紫菜叶状体的DNA进行PCR和电泳鉴定,产物经测序证实获得藻红蛋白 序列1 357 bp (HM008263.1)和藻蓝蛋白序列1 335 bp (HM008262.1).上述 两段序列与已报道的条斑紫菜相关序列(DQ666487.1)同源性均为99％,与 其它几种紫菜相关序列同源性为88％～98％.两段序列均采用多顺反子转录 策略,排布顺序为5′Untranslated Regions(UTR)- Peb -间隔区- Pea -3 ′UTR 和 5′UTR- Pcb -间隔区- Pca -3′UTR.文中对基因翻译所得氨基 酸序列做了理化参数、功能位点及空间构型的预测.基于对序列开放阅读框 、启动子、Shine-Dalgarno (SD)序列的分析,本文对条斑紫菜分类地位进 行了讨论.     

坛紫菜藻红蛋白的规模化制备

为了优化坛紫菜粗提工艺以减轻纯化的压力,研究了我国主要经济红藻之一坛紫菜藻红蛋白大规模制备方法。实验采用“溶胀+组织捣碎”法破碎坛紫菜叶状体细胞,对比了多次硫酸铵梯度盐析对破碎液中藻红蛋白的影响,并进一步用羟基磷灰石层析制备藻红蛋白,最后对所得蛋白做了光谱和电泳鉴定。结果表明,经过4次盐析,藻红蛋白吸收光谱纯度达到0.9 (A564/A280),每次的最佳盐析浓度分别为15％、50％、10％和40％;7 kg阴干紫菜经过4次盐析和1次羟基磷灰石层析后可获得507.82 mg藻红蛋白 (A564/A280＞     

两种藻胆蛋白对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的光动力体外杀伤效应

用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)法测定提取自条斑紫菜的R-藻红蛋白(R-PE)和C-藻蓝蛋白(C-PC)经激光介导对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的杀伤率,并检测细胞凋亡率。结果显示在120mg/L浓度下,R-PE在氩离子激光器100J/cm2辐照下对应的细胞存活率为27%,C-PC在He-Ne激光器35J/cm2辐照下对应的细胞存活率为47%;单用2种激光器辐照对应的细胞存活率分别为65%和70%;单用2种蛋白处理细胞在72h后出现对细胞生长的显著抑制,最大抑制率分别为31%(R-PE,120mg/L)和27%(C-PC,250mg/L)。120mg/L的2种藻胆蛋白在对应激光辐照下,于照后8h达到细胞凋亡率最大值,分别为31.54%(R-PE)和32.54%(C-PC)。本实验证明条斑紫菜R-PE和C-PC具有可开发成为光敏剂的应用前景。     

条斑紫菜R-藻红蛋白提纯工艺研究

对条斑紫菜叶状体R-藻红蛋白提纯方法进行了研究和分析。首先分别采用冻融法、化学试剂法、溶胀法等单一及组合细胞破碎方法对条斑紫菜细胞进行破碎,结果表明溶胀 组织捣碎法效果最佳。其次用25%～60%饱和度范围内的硫酸铵沉淀法粗提藻红蛋白,发现25%～45%硫酸铵分步沉淀法效果最好,再经结晶法盐析纯度(D565nm/D280nm)达到2.088。盐析液用SephadexG-25层析柱脱盐,再经羟基磷灰石(HA)柱层析,纯度可达到4.98。R-藻红蛋白的最大吸收峰在565nm,其室温荧光发射峰为578nm。SDS-PAGE结果显示,R-藻红蛋白可分为α、β两个亚基,Mr分别为17.0×103和19.0×103。     

藻胆蛋白质的提取纯化与生物活性研究进展

藻胆蛋白的提取原料主要来自于红藻和蓝藻;细胞破碎的方法主要有反复冻融法、化学试剂处理法等5种方法;提取的方法主要有盐析法等3种;分离纯化的方法主要有层析法等3种;藻胆蛋白其生物活性主要表现在:抗肿瘤活性、抗病毒活性、抗氧化和消炎活性,提高免疫活性。     

从一种富含藻胆蛋白的螺旋藻中大量提取和纯化藻蓝蛋白的研究

采用新鲜藻丝为原料和分段梯度盐析分离纯化钝顶螺旋藻Sp(NS)-90020的藻蓝蛋白（PC）,经羟基磷灰石一次层析,能使提取的PC的纯度大于普遍认可的标准,由于该工艺流程较为简单,适合藻蓝蛋白的大量生产,藻胆蛋白经Sephadex凝胶过滤后的可达电泳纯度标准,经SDS-PAE测得PC,APC的分子量分别约为38.33kD。     

条斑紫菜多糖的分离纯化与抗肿瘤活性的初探

目的：本文主要应用生化提纯技术从条斑紫菜（ Porphyra yezoensis ）中提取不同纯度的多糖,并观察各多糖组分对人乳腺癌细胞 MCF-7 生长的影响。方法：通过 DEAE-52 柱层析和 Sephadex G-200 柱层析,对条斑紫菜粗多糖热水提取物进行纯化;经HPLC,紫外和红外光谱对多糖各组分的纯度及结构进行初步鉴定;并用 MTT 法和流式细胞仪检测多糖对人乳腺癌细胞 MCF-7 生长的影响。结果：分离纯化出的各组分条斑紫菜粗多糖对人乳腺癌细胞 MCF-7生长均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中PY-D2可诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡。结论：条斑紫菜多糖具有杀伤肿瘤细胞MCF-7的作用。     

A novel method of single step hydrophobic interaction chromatography for the purification of phycocyanin from Phormidium fragile and its characterization for antioxidant property

Phycocyanin--a major phycobiliprotein constitutively produced by many cyanobacteria--holds several promising applications in diagnostics, biomedical research, and therapeutics. This paper discusses a novel rapid method for the purification of cyanobacterial phycocyanin (C-PC) from Phormidium fragile using hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The protein was extracted and concentrated by grinding under liquid nitrogen and ammonium sulfate fractionation. C-PC was purified by single step hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Purified phycocyanin showed absorbance maximum (lambda(max)) at 624 nm. The criterion of purity (R) achieved was 4.52. Phycocyanin to phycoerythrin and phycocyanin to allophycocyanin purity ratio were 3.85 and 7.49, respectively. The purified protein showed a pI of 5.2 and has two subunits with molecular mass of 19 and 20 kDa each, corresponding to its highly reported alpha and beta subunits. The subunits of phycocyanin were confirmed by their bilin fluorescence using zinc assisted fluorescence enhancement technique. Intact C-PC was of 125 kDa as determined by HPLC, suggested the (alphabeta)(3) subunit assembly. Results obtained by this method in terms of purity, recovery, process time, simplicity, and efficacy are much better than previous methodologies. Purified phycocyanin was further scrutinized for its antioxidant capacity and judged against five non-enzymatic antioxidants by FRAP assay.     

一种紫菜多糖的制备及对淋巴细胞生长的影响

用DEAE－纤维素和SephadexG-200柱层析法分离纯化条斑紫菜的热水提取物,从中得到多糖PY2,并测出其分子量为2．0％10^4。用紫外和红外光谱对PY2的性质进行了鉴定。进一步测定了PY2对体外培养的小鼠骨髓细胞及淋巴细胞生长的影响。结果表明,PY2是一种少见的紫菜多糖,它不含有大多数紫菜侈糖具有的3,6－内醚－兰乳糖和硫酸基,它对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞、胸腺淋巴细胞以及混合淋巴细胞的增殖有一定的抑制作用,而对骨髓细胞的增殖没有明显的影响。     

In vitro reassociation of phycobiliproteins and membranes to form functional membrane-bound phycobilisomes

A membrane-bound phycobilisome complex has been isolated from the cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon grown in green light, thus containing phycoerythrin in addition to phycocyanin and allophycocyanin. The complex was dissociated by lowering the salt concentration. In the mixture obtained, no energy transfer from phycoerythrin to chlorophyll (Chl) a was observed. Reassociation of the phycobiliproteins and membrane mixture was carried out by a gradual increase of the salt concentration. The complex obtained after reassociation was characterized by polypeptide composition, absorbance and fluorescence emission spectra and electron microscopy. These analyses revealed similar composition and structure for the original and reconstituted membrane-bound phycobilisomes. Fluorescence emission spectra and measurements of Photosystem II activity demonstrated energy transfer from phycoerythrin to Chl a (Photosystem II) in the reconstituted complex. Reassociation of mixtures with varying phycoerythrin / Chl ratio showed that the phycobiliprotein concentration was critical in the reassociation process. Measurements of the amount of phycobilisomes reassociated with the photosynthetic membrane did not show saturation of binding when increasing the phycobiliprotein concentration. The ratio phycoerythrin / Chl a in the native complex was 7:1 (mg / mg). When the phycobiliprotein concentration was increased during the reassociation process, a ratio of 13–15 mg phycoerythrin / mg Chl a could be obtained. Under these conditions, only part of the phycobilisomes attached to the thylakoids was able to transfer energy to Photosystem II.     

Fluorescent tandem phycobiliprotein conjugates. Emission wavelength shifting by energy transfer.

A fluorescent tandem phycobiliprotein conjugate with a large Stokes shift was prepared by the covalent attachment of phycoerythrin to allophycocyanin. The efficiency of energy transfer from phycoerythrin to allophycocyanin in this disulfide-linked conjugate was 90%. A distinctive feature of this phycocyanin conjugate is the wide separation between the intense absorption maximum of phycoerythrin (epsilon = 2.4 x 10(6) cm-1 M-1 at 545 nm) and the fluorescence emission maximum of allophycocyanin (660 nm). Energy transfer from a donor to a covalently attached acceptor can be used to adjust the magnitude of the Stokes shift. Tandem phycobiliprotein conjugates can be used to advantage in fluorescence-activated cell sorting, fluorescence microscopy, and fluorescence immunoassay analyses.     

SPECTRAL LIGHT ABSORPTION BY INTACT BLADES OF PORPHYRA ABBOTTAE (RHODOPHYTA): EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN CULTURE1

Whole thallus absorptance spectra were recorded for Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy gametophytes grown in batch culture at combinations of temperature (8, 10, 12° C), irradiance (17.5, 70, 140 μmol photons·m^?2·s^?1), nutrients (f/4, f/2, f media) and water motion (0, 50, 100, 150 rpm). Light, nutrients, water motion and the interaction of nutrients with water motion all significance affected broadband (400-700 nm) absorptance and absorptance by phycoerythrin (566 nm), phycocyanin (624 nm) and chlorophyll a (680 nm). Absorptances increased in low light, low water motion and high nutrient levels. Shifts in phycoerythrin: chlorophyll a absorptance ratios closely paralleled changes of absorptance by the major pigments, whereas the phycoerythrin: phycocyanin ratio decreased only with increasing nutrient supply Absorptance ratios were significantly correlated with growth rate. Absorptance increased asymptotically with blade thickness or pigment content. Based on previously determined growth rates, nutrient saturated P. abbottae can synthesize photosynthetic pigments in excess of immediate needs. Allocation is given preferentially to the phycobiliproteins, with highest preference for phycocyanin.     

Properties of phycobilins from Porphyra naiadum

The phycobilin pigments were freshly extracted from Porphyra naiadum in the cold. At least two types of phycoerythrin (I and II) can be distinguished by electrophoresis, chromatography, and spectral characteristics. At pH 5.0 phycoerythrin II has a relatively large negative charge, while phycoerythrin I is nearly iso-electric. At pH 7.0, however, phycoerythrin I has the larger negative charge. Mobilities have been calculated by visual measurement of electrophoresis. Phycoerythrin II can be converted to phycoerythrin I by storing at pH 7.0. Chromatography indicates at least two types of phycocyanin as well.