腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术术后人工阴道微生态分析CSCD

目的了解腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术后患者人工阴道的微生态状况,探讨腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术后阴道微生态评价的临床意义。方法选取54例性腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术术后回访的患者,取阴道分泌物进行微生态评价,同时检查患者的人工阴道物理功能及阴道壁组织活检。结果腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术术后患者的人工阴道具有正常阴道的组织学特点,物理功能良好。54例患者中阴道菌群密集度为Ⅱ-Ⅲ级者48例,占88.9%;菌群多样性为Ⅱ-Ⅲ级者39例,占72.2%;优势菌为革兰阳性大杆菌者15例,占27.8%;pH≤4.5者31例,占57.4%。无病原菌感染。术后时间≥2年的23例患者阴道微生态正常者占14例（60.9%）,异常者占9例（39.1%）。术后时间〈2年的31例患者中阴道微生态正常者11例（35.5%）,异常者20例（64.5%）。菌群异常主要包括：菌群抑制（包括未见到任何细菌）、革兰阳性短杆菌（12.3%）、革兰阳性球菌（31.5%）、革兰阴性短杆菌（9.6%）。结论 （1）先天性无阴道的患者在阴道成形术后不同程度存在菌群失调表现。表现为pH值升高,阴道内菌群多样性欠佳,正常优势菌群存在比例低。（2）手术后时间是影响腹膜阴道成形术后阴道微生态的重要因素,随着术后时间的延长,人工阴道阴道微生态正常的比例逐渐增加。（3）评价腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术后阴道微生态环境的状况,对预防与治疗术后人工阴道感染、促进人工阴道的健康发展具有重要意义。     

腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术术后人工阴道微生态分析

目的了解腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术后患者人工阴道的微生态状况,探讨腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术后阴道微生态评价的临床意义。方法选取54例性腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术术后回访的患者,取阴道分泌物进行微生态评价,同时检查患者的人工阴道物理功能及阴道壁组织活检。结果腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术术后患者的人工阴道具有正常阴道的组织学特点,物理功能良好。54例患者中阴道菌群密集度为Ⅱ~Ⅲ级者48例,占88.9%;菌群多样性为Ⅱ~Ⅲ级者39例,占72.2%;优势菌为革兰阳性大杆菌者15例,占27.8%;pH≤4.5者31例,占57.4%。无病原菌感染。术后时间≥2年的23例患者阴道微生态正常者占14例(60.9%),异常者占9例(39.1%)。术后时间2年的31例患者中阴道微生态正常者11例(35.5%),异常者20例(64.5%)。菌群异常主要包括:菌群抑制(包括未见到任何细菌)、革兰阳性短杆菌(12.3%)、革兰阳性球菌(31.5%)、革兰阴性短杆菌(9.6%)。结论 (1)先天性无阴道的患者在阴道成形术后不同程度存在菌群失调表现。表现为pH值升高,阴道内菌群多样性欠佳,正常优势菌群存在比例低。(2)手术后时间是影响腹膜阴道成形术后阴道微生态的重要因素,随着术后时间的延长,人工阴道阴道微生态正常的比例逐渐增加。(3)评价腹腔镜腹膜阴道成形术后阴道微生态环境的状况,对预防与治疗术后人工阴道感染、促进人工阴道的健康发展具有重要意义。     

妇科恶性肿瘤术后阴道微生态状况分析

目的了解妇科恶性肿瘤术后患者阴道微生态的状况,探讨妇科恶性肿瘤术后阴道微生态评价的临床意义。方法选取100例妇科恶性肿瘤术后复查的患者,取阴道分泌物进行微生态评价,以同期30例绝经体检妇女作为对照。结果妇科恶性肿瘤术后阴道优势菌以乳酸杆菌为主的,占41%;菌群密集度多在＋ ＋ ～＋ ＋ ＋,占52%;菌群多样性多在＋ ＋ ～＋ ＋ ＋,44% ;PH^4.5,占35% ;VVC阳性率为4% ;阴道毛滴虫阳性率为7% ;BV阳性率为5% ;微生态失调的发生率占69%。结论（1）妇科恶性肿瘤术后,阴道微生态失调发生率明显增高;（2）妇科恶性肿瘤术后阴道微生态的失调与肿瘤的种类、恶性程度、手术范围、卵巢去留等无关,但术后时间越长,阴道微生态失调率越高;（3）评价妇科恶性肿瘤术后阴道微生态环境的状况,对预防与治疗术后生殖道感染具有重要指导意义。     

1500例女性阴道微生态状况分析

目的女性阴道微生态状况调查与分析。方法采用阴道pH、阴道涂片Gram染色镜检(菌群密集度、菌群多样性、优势菌、真菌孢子、滴虫和炎性反应等)、阴道微生物功能测定,评估1 500例体检者阴道微生态状况。结果微生态正常830例(55.7%),微生态失调者670例(44.6%)。在670例微生态失调患者中,需氧菌阴道炎156例(23.3%),细菌性阴道病265例(39.6%),外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病31例(4.63%),滴虫性阴道炎2例(0.29%),混合感染216例(32.2%)。结论阴道微生态评价有助于筛查无症状阴道微生态失调患者,对指导临床评价感染及预防阴道感染具有重要的临床意义。     

惠州地区育龄妇女阴道微生态失衡因素调查

目的探讨阴道炎患者的阴道微生态状况,为进一步施行干预措施提供依据。方法选择2017年3月至2018年6月我院5 559名临床诊断为阴道炎的妇女及3001名健康体检妇女为研究对象,采用病例对照研究,采集研究对象下阴道1/3处的白带样本进行阴道微生态检测,判定研究对象的阴道微生态状况。结果阴道炎患者的阴道微生态失衡状况较健康体检组妇女更严重。本地妇女发生阴道炎的因素为阴道清洁度Ⅲ～Ⅳ度(OR=1.64,P0.001)、阴道出现炎症白细胞(OR=1.14,P=0.003)、阴道检出酵母菌菌丝/孢子(OR=2.02,P0.001)及阴道菌群乳杆菌比例较低(OR=2.13,P0.001)。结论本地区育龄妇女阴道微生态存在失衡状况,下一步需提出合理干预措施,降低阴道微生态失衡的发生。     

妊娠期女性HPV感染及阴道微生态失衡对妊娠结局及新生儿的影响

目的 探讨妊娠期女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染及阴道微生态失衡对妊娠结局及新生儿结局的影响,为该类患者的治疗提供参考。方法 选取2020年6月至2023年6月于我院产检的102例HPV阳性妊娠妇女(HPV阳性组)以及同期产检的78例HPV阴性妊娠妇女(HPV阴性组)为研究对象,于怀孕28～34周时,收集阴道分泌物评价阴道微生态状况;另根据微生态评价结果将HPV阳性组对象分为微生态正常组(n=26)和微生态失调组(n=76);比较HPV阳性组与HPV阴性组对象阴道微生态情况、妊娠结局及新生儿结局,比较微生态正常组与微生态失调组对象妊娠结局及新生儿结局。结果 HPV阳性组和HPV阴性组对象滴虫性阴道炎(TV)和外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)发生率、阴道清洁度比较差异均无统计学意义(χ²=1.520、0.678、0.111,均P>0.05),而阴道pH、细菌性阴道病(BV)发生率、阴道菌群密集度、阴道菌群多样性以及微生态失调发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(χ²=10.106、 8.247、 4.337、 5.236、 13.865,均P<...     

改良丁字带对妇科阴式手术后阴道微生态的影响

目的探讨改良丁字带对比传统丁字带对妇科阴式手术后患者阴道微生态的影响。方法选择妇科阴式手术患者186例作为研究对象,随机分为两组,观察组93例使用改良丁字带固定,对照组93例使用传统丁字带固定。对比分析两组患者术后阴道微生态,敷料污染,引流管阻塞、脱落,皮肤受损,排尿困难等的发生情况。结果观察组阴道微生态失衡发生率为23.66%,敷料污染发生率为29.03%,引流管阻塞发生率为7.52%,皮肤受损发生率为3.23%,均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论妇科阴式手术后使用改良丁字带固定能够减少手术患者阴道微生态失衡及相关并发症的发生率,提高患者生活质量。     

孕晚期妇女阴道微生态流行病学调查分析

目的探讨孕晚期妇女阴道微生态状况,为进一步施行干预措施提供实验依据。方法采用病例对照研究,采集研究对象下阴道2/3的白带样本进行阴道微生态检测,判定研究对象的阴道微生态状况。结果共纳入4 852名孕晚期妇女及2 500名正常体检妇女进行阴道微生态的基本情况分析,孕晚期妇女的阴道微生态失衡状况高于非孕妇女。影响孕晚期妇女的阴道微生态失衡因素为H2O2阴性(OR=0.84,P=0.012)、唾液酸苷酶阳性(OR=2.25,P0.001)、乳杆菌比例少(OR=2.73,P0.001)、AV评分较高(OR=1.12,P=0.039)、酵母样真菌感染/定植(OR=2.22,P0.001)、酵母样真菌与加德纳/普雷沃菌混合感染(OR=1.82,P=0.032)、Nugent评分较高(OR=1.41,P0.001)及阴道Ⅲ~Ⅳ级的清洁度人数较多(OR=1.28,P=0.028)。结论本地区孕晚期妇女阴道微生态存在失衡状况,下一步需提出合理干预措施,减少妊娠不良结局的风险。     

妇科恶性肿瘤患者阴道微生态状况

目的 了解妇科恶性肿瘤患者及化疗后患者阴道微生态状况,探讨化疗后患者阴道微生态评价的临床意义。方法 选取2017年8月至2019年8月在我院妇科住院治疗的60例妇科恶性肿瘤患者(肿瘤组)及同期因妇科恶性肿瘤进行化疗的40例患者(化疗组)作为研究对象,同时以40例健康体检女性作为体检组,取阴道分泌物进行微生态评估。结果 肿瘤组患者阴道菌群密集度正常(++和+++)者占58.3%,与体检组及化疗组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。肿瘤组、化疗组和体检组对象中菌群正常者分别占18.3%、5.0%、55.0%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。化疗组、肿瘤组和体检组菌群抑制者分别占42.5%、35.0%、10.0%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同类型妇科恶性肿瘤患者阴道微生态状况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 妇科恶性肿瘤患者阴道微生态失调率增高,化疗后患者在阴道微生态失调率升高的同时生殖道感染风险增加。     

先兆早产阴道微生态失衡状况分析

目的分析先兆早产妇女阴道微生态失衡状况。方法选择2013-2014年在我科住院的保胎的孕28周~36+6周无明显诱因先兆早产的单胎妊娠期妇女87例。取其阴道分泌物,选用阴道pH值、阴道清洁度、过氧化氢(H2O2)浓度、白细胞酯酶(LE)和唾液酸苷酶(SnaSe)等指标对阴道微生态进行评价。结果先兆早产妇女阴道微生态失衡发生率为70.1%。阴道分泌物检查清洁度Ⅲ~Ⅳ不正常者61例,乳杆菌均阴性。H2O2阳性率为47.5%,H2O2+LE阳性率为13.1%,显微镜检查出线索细胞+LE+H2O2+SnaSe阳性率6.6%,涂片镜检查出滴虫+LE+H2O2阳性率为3.3%,涂片镜检查出酵母样真菌孢子+LE+H2O2阳性率14.8%。结论先兆早产孕妇阴道微生态失衡率较高,可能是导致早产及足月前胎膜早破的重要原因。     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

2018年中国植物科学若干领域重要研究进展

2018年中国植物科学继续呈现快速发展的态势, 我国科学家在国际植物科学主流学术刊物发表论文数量大幅增加, 取得了多项具有重要影响的成果。调控植物生长-代谢平衡实现可持续农业发展入选2018年度中国科学十大进展; 中国被子植物区系进化历史研究入选2018年度中国生命科学十大进展。以水稻为代表的农作物和果蔬等经济作物研究在国际上已呈现出明显的优势, 若干领域已从“追赶”状态跨越到“领跑”地位。该文对2018年中国科学家在植物科学若干领域取得的重要研究成果进行了概括性评述, 旨在全面追踪和报道当前中国植物科学领域的发展前沿和热点, 展示中国科学家所取得的杰出成就。     

2017年中国植物科学若干领域重要研究进展

2017年中国植物科学继续保持高速发展态势, 重大成果频出, 具体表现在中国植物学家在国际顶级学术期刊发表的文章数量平稳上升。中国植物科学领域的研究工作者成果精彩纷呈, 如新型广谱抗病机制的发现、水稻广谱抗病遗传基础及机制和疫霉菌诱发病害成灾机制研究等。2017年中国生命科学领域十大进展评选中, 有两项植物科学领域的研究成果入选。水稻生物学、进化与基因组学和激素生物学等领域学科发展突出。另外, 值得一提的是, 长期从事高等植物与代谢途径调控分子网络研究和水稻品种设计育种的李家洋院士的研究成果“水稻高产优质性状形成的分子机理及品种设计”荣获2017年国家自然科学一等奖。这一具有重大国际影响的开创性贡献标志着中国植物科学在该领域的国际科学前沿居于引领和卓越地位。该文对2017年中国本土科学家在植物科学若干领域取得的重要研究成果进行了系统梳理, 旨在全面追踪和报道当前中国植物科学领域发展的最新前沿动态, 与广大读者共同分享我国科学家所取得的辉煌成就。     

我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展

葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望。     

SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice

Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.     

2018年中国植物科学若干领域重要研究进展

2018年中国植物科学继续呈现快速发展的态势, 我国科学家在国际植物科学主流学术刊物发表论文数量大幅增加, 取得了多项具有重要影响的成果。调控植物生长-代谢平衡实现可持续农业发展入选2018年度中国科学十大进展; 中国被子植物区系进化历史研究入选2018年度中国生命科学十大进展。以水稻为代表的农作物和果蔬等经济作物研究在国际上已呈现出明显的优势, 若干领域已从“追赶”状态跨越到“领跑”地位。该文对2018年中国科学家在植物科学若干领域取得的重要研究成果进行了概括性评述, 旨在全面追踪和报道当前中国植物科学领域的发展前沿和热点, 展示中国科学家所取得的杰出成就。     

我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展

葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义.综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望.     

Changes in aquatic vegetation in Rhine floodplain streams in Alsace in relation to disturbance

Abstract. Changes are described in aquatic vegetation in oligotrophic, groundwater-fed Rhine floodplain streams in Alsace (eastern France), resulting from disturbance. Disturbance factors include changes in nutrients, either permanent ones - effluent from a waste water treatment plant or trout hatcheries - or periodic ones: flooding. Regular inputs of high levels of phosphate and ammonia modified the macrophyte vegetation in these streams. The floristic composition, which was characteristic of oligotrophic waters upstream of the eutrophicated sector, changed to that of a eutrophic situation as originally found downstream. Periodic disturbance by floods which normally occur once a year, irregularly eutrophicates the small streams, causing the development of a mixture of eutrophic and oligotrophic species. Six macrophyte communities are distinguished, indicating different trophic levels. The aquatic vegetation is adapted to the variations of phosphate and ammonia levels. Hence, aquatic macrophytes can be used as bio-indicators of fluctuations in water nutrient levels in relation to the type of disturbance.     

Apoptosis in experimental myocardial infarction in situ and in the perfused heart in vitro

We report the appearance of apoptotic cells in experimental myocardial infarction (rabbit heart) in in situ and in vitro preparations. Apoptosis was recognized by intravital staining with Hoechst 33342 (Ho342), by nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and by DNA laddering. A steady rise in the relative number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (apoptotic index) was noted in in situ preparations. Apoptosis was first noted 6 h after the onset of ischemia with its highest value occurring after 72 h. Apoptotic nuclei were absent in remote areas of the left and right ventricles. Apoptotic nuclei within the infarcted area showed diminished intensity of Ho342 fluorescence. Three days after ischemia, a border zone adjacent to the infarcted area consisting of apoptotic macrophages was recognized. A novel finding was the appearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in the isolated perfused ischemic heart. Occurring as early as 50 min after the onset of ischemia, a high apoptotic index was present adjacent to the ligature placed around the coronary artery. This observation provides the opportunity to selectively examine factors leading to apoptosis in the ischemic heart under controlled experimental conditions.     

Morphine-potentiated platelet aggregation in in vitro and platelet plug formation in in vivo experiments

The detailed mechanisms underlying morphine-signaling pathways in platelets remain obscure. Therefore, we systematically examined the influence of morphine on washed human platelets. In this study, washed human platelet suspensions were used for in vitro studies. Furthermore, platelet thrombus formation induced by irradiation of mesenteric venules with filtered light in mice pretreated with fluorescein sodium was used for an in vivo thrombotic study. Morphine concentration dependently (0.6, 1, and 5 microM) potentiated platelet aggregation and the ATP release reaction stimulated by agonists (i.e., collagen and U46619) in washed human platelets. Yohimbine (0.1 microM), a specific alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist, markedly abolished the potentiation of morphine in platelet aggregation stimulated by agonists. Morphine also potentiated phosphoinositide breakdown and intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in human platelets stimulated by collagen (1 microg/ml). Moreover, morphine (0.6-5 microM) markedly inhibited prostaglandin E(1) (10 microM)-induced cyclic AMP formation in human platelets, while yohimbine (0.1 microM) significantly reversed the inhibition of cyclic AMP by morphine (0.6 and 1 microM) in this study. The thrombin-evoked increase in pH(i) was markedly potentiated in the presence of morphine (1 and 5 microM). Morphine (2 and 5 mg/g) significantly shortened the time require to induce platelet plug formation in mesenteric venules. We concluded that morphine may exert its potentiation in platelet aggregation by binding to alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in human platelets, with a resulting inhibition of adenylate cyclase, thereby reducing intracellular cyclic AMP formation followed by increased activation of phospholipase C and the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger. This leads to increased intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, and finally potentiation of platelet aggregation and of the ATP release reaction.