A new species, Dicheirinia panamensis, and new records of rust fungi from Panama

Based on a recent fieldwork in Panama, 25 species of rust fungi and several new hosts are reported for the first time from this country. Among the new records is one new species, Dicheirinia panamensis on Cojoba rufescens (Fabaceae). It differs from known species in the genus Dicheirinia by the presence of uredinia and telia without paraphyses, irregularly tuberculate urediniospores with two germ pores on the flattened sides, and tuberculate teliospores formed by three probasidial cells, subtended by a pedicel with three hyaline, apical cells. Taxonomical novelty: Dicheirinia panamensis J.R. Hern.,M. Piepenbr. and Vega Rios.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sphaerophragmium pulchrum</Emphasis>, a new species of rust fungi on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Albizia adinocephala</Emphasis> from Panama

Sphaerophragmium pulchrum is proposed as a new microcyclic rust species on Albizia adinocephala from Panama. Telia and spermogonia are described, illustrated, and compared to those of known species of Sphaerophragmium. Spermogonia are described for the first time for a species of Sphaerophragmium. This is the first record of this genus for the southern part of the Central American isthmus.     

A new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laboulbenia</Emphasis> and new records from Panama

Species of Laboulbenia on ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) collected in a mountain rainforest in Western Panama are described and illustrated. A new species of Laboulbenia on carabids of the genus Platynus (Platynini) in Panama is proposed. It differs from the other species of Laboulbenia mainly by curved thalli and longitudinally twisted wall cells of the perithecia with lips oriented towards strongly branched appendages. L. decipiens, L. pseudomasei, L. subpunctata, and L. tenera are newly recorded for Panama. Only one species collected during the survey is already known for Panama, L. flagellata.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Desmosorus</Emphasis>, a new rust genus (Uredinales)

Uredo behnickiana (syn. Hemileia americana and H. oncidii) is known on orchids of the genera Cattleya, Epidendrum, Laelia, Lophiaris and Oncidium. Previously, only the uredinial stages of these fungi have been described. The telial stage of the rust species was found for the first time on Oncidium marshallianum. Because of a unique combination of morphological characters the fungus could not be assigned to Hemileia or any other known rust genus. Desmosorus is proposed, therefore, as a new genus with Desmosorus oncidii as the single known species. Desmosorus is characterised by (1) suprastomatal sori on which the spores are formed at the ends of branched hyphae, by (2) subglobose to ovoid, echinulate urediniospores with a smooth patch around the hilum and by (3) thin-walled, oblong elliptical to cylindrical teliospores with a rounded apex.     

竹上一柄锈新种

本文描述了采自湖南龙山的竹锈一新种:竹生柄锈Puccinia bambusicola S.-x. Wei & J.-y. Zhuang。模式标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室.此菌与其它已知的寄生在竹上的柄锈比较,冬孢子很小(25-38 × 14-21 µm),顶壁也不厚(仅3-6 gym),近似于南美产的竹柄锈P. bambusarum Arth.,但后者冬孢子隔膜多为斜生且颜色较淡。附我国竹生柄锈属已知种的检索表。     

Chaconia hennenii, a new holomorph species for Uredo maclurae and Uredo celtidis (Uredinales)

Chaconia hennenii is proposed as a new holomorph species for Uredo maclurae (= Physopella maclurae) on Maclura tinctoria (Moraceae) after the discovery of teliospores. Uredo celtidis described on Celtis (Ulmaceae) is synonymous with U. maclurae and belongs to the same holomorph species, as revealed by morphologically indistinguishable urediniospores and newly discovered teliospores. The host genus of U. celtidis is not Celtis, but most probably Maclura, too. Chaconia hennenii is unique among known Chaconia species by the apical wall thickening of the teliospores.     

A new species of Talauma (Magnoliaceae) from Bolivia

Talauma boliviana is described as new and illustrated. This species, first collected in 1989, is the only Magnoliaceae known from Bolivia. It seems to be most closely related toT. sambuensis of northwestern Colombia and eastern Panama.     

Uromyces umiamensis, a new rust species on Momordica cochinchinensis in India

Uromyces umiamensis is described as a new rust fungus (Basidiomycota, Uredinales) of Momordica cochinchinensis (Cucurbitaceae) from Meghalaya, in northeastern India. The species differs from the known Uromyces species on members of Cucurbitaceae in terms of the character of the teliospores and aeciospores and its apparently demicyclic life cycle. Besides U. yakushimensis and the present species, all Uromyces species known from cucurbits occur in the New World. A key to known Uromyces species on Cucurbitaceae is provided.     

An unusual new <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phakopsora</Emphasis> from Tanzania

Phakopsora allophyli (Basidiomycota, Uredinales) is described on the basis of the type specimen of Uredo allophili Henn. on Allophylus sp. (Sapindaceae) from Tanzania. The species has paraphysate telia and teliospores with a single papillate germ pore. These features are unusual for members of the genus Phakopsora. The generic affiliation of the fungus with Phakopsora is discussed.     

Comparative morphology of uredinia and urediniospores of six Puccinia species parasitic on Poaceae in Saudi Arabia

Uredinia and urediniospores of six Puccinia species growing on Poaceae in southwestern Saudi Arabia were morphologically compared by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Puccinia cenchri, P. fragosoana and P. isiacae were recorded for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Many differences between uredinia and urediniospores of studied Puccinia species were recorded. These differences are not related to host plant but may be due to the species of Puccinia itself. Observations by SEM led to more information in distinguishing between these Puccinia species particularly the presence of paraphyses and density and length of spines.     

A new genus of Parmulariaceae from Panama

During a survey of plant-parasitic microfungi in Panama, a new species in a new genus of Parmulariaceae (Ascomycota), Antoniomyces loranthicola, was found on leaves of Gaiadendron punctatum (Loranthaceae). It is described and illustrated. The new species and the new genus differ morphologically from all other known species and genera known in Parmulariaceae by deep internal stroma and superficial radiating hyphae without appressoria.     

Antlered richardiid flies: new species of Richardia (Tephritoidea: Richardiidae) with antler‐like genal processes

Within Richardiidae, Richardia infestans, from Colombia, is the only known species to have genal processes, which are structures formed by the extension of the cuticle on the lateral margin of the gena. In the present work, six new species, with different patterns of antler‐like genal processes, are described. An identification key and illustrations are provided. Richardia bella sp. nov. , R. modesta sp. nov. and R. vitta sp. nov. are recorded from Costa Rica; R. advena sp. nov. is recorded from Costa Rica and Panama; R. simplex sp. nov. is recorded from Panama; and R. ornatella sp. nov. is recorded from Ecuador.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Puccinia calystegiae-soldanellae</Emphasis>, a new rust species on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Calystegia soldanella</Emphasis> from Japan

A rust species on Calystegia soldanella in Japan has been treated as Puccinia convolvuli to date. However, morphological characteristics of specimens on C. soldanella collected from Japan are significantly different from those of specimens on other Calystegia and Convolvulus species from different areas of the world. It is proved by inoculation experiment that the rust on C. soldanella is specific to C. soldanella. Based on these results, Puccinia rust on C. soldanella from Japan is described as a new species, Puccinia calystegiae-soldanellae.     

The rust fungi of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Luzuriaga</Emphasis> (Luzuriagaceae) with description of a new species, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Puccinia luzuriagae-polyphyllae</Emphasis>

Three species of rust fungi (Uredinales), Puccinia perforans, P. fuegiana (= Uromyces skottsbergii), and Aecidium callixenis have been described on members of Luzuriaga (Luzuriagaceae). Puccinia luzuriagae-polyphyllae is added as a new species on Luzuriaga polyphylla from Chile. The rust had been confused hitherto with P. perforans occurring on L. radicans. Both species differ from P. fuegiana on L. marginata by the absence of a uredinial state and several telial characters. The investigated collections of Puccinia species on Luzuriaga indicate that each is restricted to a single host species. A determination key is presented.     

Rust fungi in the subantarctic islands of New Zealand

Twenty-four species of rust fungi known from Auckland Islands and Campbell Island are listed, together with details of their host plants. Several species are recorded for the first time in these subantarctic islands. Four species are newly described and illustrated, viz., Milesia polystichi-vestiti on Polystichum vestitum (Dryopteridaceae), Petersonia dracophylli on Dracophyllum longifolium (Epacridaceae), Puccinia austrina on Isolepis habra (Cyperaceae), and Puccinia chathamica on Carex trifida (Cyperaceae). Uredo inflatus is transferred to Uromyces (as Uromyces inflatus comb. nov.) following recognition of the spores on Anisotome latifolia (Apiaceae) as teliospores.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phragmidium</Emphasis> species parasitizing species of Rosaceae in Tibet,China, with descriptions of three new species

Phragmidum spp. are rust fungi that are serious pathogens of plants in the Rosaceae. We characterized 15 Phragmidium species from Tibet, including 12 previously described and 3 new species. All the taxa, including the three new species (Ph. chayuensis, Ph. cibanum, Ph. zangdongii) are described and illustrated based on morphological characteristics. These taxa have multi-celled teliospores with firm pedicels. Phragmidium chayuensis is characterized by (5)7–9-celled teliospores with short papillae. Phragmidium cibanum is characterized by smooth teliospores that are distinctly constricted at the septa. Phragmidium zangdongii is characterized by large uredinia and 11–13-celled teliospores. Five types of urediniospore-surface structures were identified based on the gross shape of ornamentations and their distribution on the urediniospore wall. Molecular sequence data from the LSU rDNA analysis showed that the new taxa formed distinct clades independent from previously recorded species represented by LSU rDNA sequence data. The phylogenetic tree indicated that Phragmidium species are highly host specific.     

Melampsora salicis-sinicae (Melampsoraceae,Pucciniales), a new rust fungus found on willows in China

Based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny, a rust fungus on Salix hsinganica, S. sinica, S. starkeana, S. wallichiana and S. xerophila in China is described as a new species, Melampsora salicis-sinicae. This new species morphologically resembles M. capraearum and M. epiphylla in having subcuticular teliospores with a thickened apical wall, but it differs from these two species in its amphigenous telia. In addition, this new species differs from M. capraearum in its slender teliospores and thinner apical thickness of teliospores, and it also differs from M. epiphylla in the dimension of urediniospores, the position of teliospores and the apical thickness of teliospores. Phylogenetic analyses using partial sequences of the D1/D2 region of nuclear large subunit and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) regions including 5.8S of ribosomal RNA gene and the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1α) gene revealed that this rust fungus was distinct from its morphologically similar species, M. capraearum and M. epiphylla.     

Taxonomic review of Afrotropical Watshamia Bouček (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), with description of a new species

Watshamia Bou?ek, 1974 (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) has three known world species described by Bou?ek: W. versicolor and W. turneri (Afrotropical), and W. malaica (Oriental). In this paper, Watshamia gero sp. nov. is described from Kenya. It is the only known species in which females have hyaline fore wings. Wing interference pattern (WIP) is used for the first time in the taxonomy of Pteromalidae as a differential feature. An illustrated key to females and males of Afrotropical Watshamia is given and the first indications of the biology of the Afrotropical species are presented. Watshamia versicolor is newly reported from the Democratic Republic of Congo.     

叉子圆柏上的胶锈菌一新种

描述了采自新疆哈密叉子圆柏Sabina vulgaris上的胶锈菌属一新种,即天山胶锈菌Gymnosporangium tianschanicum。此种因产生夏孢子阶段和单胞冬孢子（少量混生于夏孢子堆中）而不同于胶锈菌属的其它已知种。