抗青环海蛇毒血清治疗海蛇咬伤4例报告

本文采用日本蛇族学术研究所精制的抗青环海蛇毒抗血清治疗海蛇咬伤中毒病人４例,其中青环海蛇咬伤２例,平颏海蛇咬伤１例,小头海蛇咬伤１例。治疗结果３例痊愈,１例死亡．临床观察表明,抗青环海蛇毒抗血清有对抗多种海蛇咬伤中毒的治疗作用,对危重病人用量要足够。     

“精制多价抗海蛇血清”的制作

目的　海蛇均为前沟牙毒蛇 ,分布于太平洋及印度洋沿岸 ,大西洋没有海蛇。中国产海蛇 1 6种 ,分布于北起辽宁、南至海南及广西沿海 ,分布较广、数量较多及蛇伤发病率较高的海蛇为青环海蛇( H ydrophis cyanocinctus)和平颏海蛇( Laticauda semifasciata)。调查结果表明 ,被海蛇咬伤如不及时处理 ,通常有 50 %的患者死亡。在中国广西北海市每年均有被海蛇咬伤中毒致死的病例。为研制中国、日本及东南亚沿海国家主要有毒海蛇青环海蛇和平颏海蛇咬伤的有效治疗药“多价抗海蛇毒血清”,填补急救医学空白。　　方法　从中国北部湾产青环海蛇和平…     

蛇毒清胶囊对眼镜蛇咬伤患者血清CK、LDH、AST活性的影响

目的观察眼镜蛇咬伤后血清CK、LDH、AST活性的变化和蛇毒清胶囊对其的影响. 方法眼镜蛇咬伤2h内的患者120例,随机分为2个组,均给予常规治疗,治疗组加服蛇毒清胶囊,均以7天为1个疗程.分别于就诊时、咬伤后24h测定其血清酶学三项指标:CK、LDH、AST的活性,比较2组酶学的变化和临床疗效.结果2组患者在就诊时(伤后2h内)的酶学三项指标尚未出现明显异常,伤后24h三项指标均明显升高,对照组显著高于治疗组,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论蛇毒清胶囊能抑制眼镜蛇咬伤患者血清CK、LDH、AST的升高,对眼镜蛇咬伤患者组织损伤有防治作用.     

蛇毒清合剂治疗海蛇咬伤临床观察

目的观察蛇毒清合剂对海蛇咬伤的疗效。方法将44例海蛇咬伤患者分为治疗组22例,对照组22例,两组患者均给予常规治疗,治疗组加服蛇毒清合剂,并比较两组患者咬伤48h后的血清酶学三项（CK、LDH、AST）,比较两组患者治疗7天后的疗效、治疗结束时疗程及呼吸衰竭发生率、急性肾损伤发生率。结果两组患者临床疗效比较,治疗组优于对照组（P〈0．05）,酶学三项和疗程的差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．05）}其呼吸衰竭发生率、急性肾损伤发生率虽有差异,但无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论蛇毒清合剂对海蛇咬伤有显著疗效。     

抗中华眼镜蛇毒鸡卵黄抗体IgY的动物保护作用研究

目的通过连续观察蛇伤大鼠多项生理指标的动态变化,探讨不同时段施予血清（125u血清／mg蛇毒）同等效价但量加倍的抗蛇毒IgY对其心、肺功能保护的时效性。方法SD大鼠分为80、100、120min IgY保护组和蛇毒组共4组,戊巴比妥钠腹麻,按2倍LD50（1．272mg／kg）的剂量注入舟山眼镜蛇毒。连续3h记录呼吸频率、心电图和肌电等生理指标的动态变化,于注毒后80、100、120min分3个时段注入抗眼镜蛇毒IgY,比较各组大鼠的平均存活时间、保护率及心、肺、腓肠肌功能的差异。结果蛇毒组大鼠注入2倍LD5。的眼镜蛇毒后,平均存活时间为124．4min,存活率为0;80、100min IgY的存活率均达到或超过50％。但120minIgY组的保护作用不明显。与生理盐水组相比,各组心电图异常（心率减慢、ST段抬高）、呼吸频率减慢及肌电减弱多出现在100min以后。大鼠死亡前均出现潮式呼吸直至呼吸衰竭。结论应用与血清（125u血清／mg蛇毒）同等效价但量加倍的抗蛇毒IgY,可有效地减低蛇毒对机体心、肺、骨骼肌功能的损伤,提高生存率;与抗血清（125u血清／mg蛇毒）对蛇伤大鼠保护作用的结果相比,加量后保护作用更强．保护的有效时段有一定的延长。     

三种常见神经毒类毒蛇咬伤中毒的临床特征分析

目的 通过总结三种常见神经毒类毒蛇咬伤中毒患者的临床资料,为神经毒类毒蛇咬伤的诊治提供参考。方法 收集2015～2021年在广西区内救治的82例被眼镜王蛇、青环海蛇与银环蛇咬伤中毒患者的临床资料,比较三种毒蛇咬伤患者的院前急救措施、就诊时间、严重程度、临床表现、出现呼吸衰竭时间、持续使用呼吸机时间、预后等,并分析三种神经毒类毒蛇咬伤中毒的疾病特征。结果 三种毒蛇咬伤的危重型患者比较,眼镜王蛇咬伤所占比例高于青环海蛇组(83.33%、66.67%,P=0.032),青环海蛇组高于银环蛇组(66.67%、56.52%,P=0.028)。三种毒蛇咬伤的患者多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)发生率比较,眼镜王蛇咬伤患者多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)发生率高于青环海蛇咬伤患者(27.78%、16.67%,P=0.045),青环海蛇咬伤患者高于银环蛇咬伤患者(16.67%、6.52%,P=0.035)。三种毒蛇咬伤患者出现呼吸衰竭时间比较,眼镜王蛇咬伤患者出现呼吸衰竭时间短于青环海蛇咬伤患者[(1.53±0.52)h、(4.51±1.34)h,P=0.043)],青环海蛇咬伤患者短于银环蛇咬伤患者...     

蛇毒清胶囊对眼镜蛇咬伤局部坏死患者血浆LPO、SOD、GSH-Px的影响

目的观察蛇毒清胶囊对眼镜蛇咬伤合并局部组织坏死患者血浆LPO、SOD、GSH-PX的影响及疗效。方法将眼镜蛇咬伤2 h内合并局部组织坏死的患者60例,随机分为两组,均给予常规治疗,治疗组加服蛇毒清胶囊,均以7天为1疗程。分别于就诊时、咬伤后24 h、疗程结束时测定其血浆LPO、SOD、GSH-PX,比较两组患者三项指标的变化和临床疗效。结果两组患者在就诊时三项指标无明显差异(P>0.05);伤后24 h及疗程结束时,治疗组LPO明显低于对照组,SOD、GSH-PX显著高于对照组,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论蛇毒清胶囊能降低眼镜蛇咬伤患者血浆LPO水平,提高其SOD、GSH-PX活性,对眼镜蛇咬伤患者有清除氧自由基的作用。     

1例眼镜王蛇咬伤致自主呼吸停止122h报告

目的探讨眼镜王蛇咬伤致呼吸停止的抢救方法。方法对患者实施局部处理,应用抗蛇毒血清及中医中药等解毒治疗,及时行机械通气、并设专人特护。结果患者自主呼吸停止122h后恢复自主呼吸,住院8天后好转出院。结论及时就医,采取正确有效的急救措施以及严密的病情观察,保持呼吸道通畅是抢救成功的决定性因素。     

竹叶青蛇咬伤中毒抗蛇毒血清的选用与优化探讨

目的 探讨竹叶青蛇咬伤治疗中抗蛇毒血清选用策略与优化.方法 收集我院157例竹叶青蛇咬伤住院患者的临床资料,依据抗蛇毒血清的使用情况分为抗五步蛇毒血清单用组(A组)、抗蝮蛇毒血清单用组(B组)、两种抗蛇毒血清联用组(C组),分析比较各组的抗蛇毒血清使用量、治疗效果及不良反应发生情况.结果 157例患者中共应用229支抗...     

蛇志 2006年第18卷 总目次

第1期(2006年3月)抗中华眼镜蛇毒鸡卵黄抗体的制备及其效价测定………………………………………………………………………刘四红,侯力强,孔天翰(1)广西圆斑蝰蛇毒凝血因子X激活物在实验鼠体内的促凝血作用研究……………………………………………王艳妮,左从林,陈明霞,等(6)蝮蛇毒蛋白C激活物对凝血系统的影响…………………………………………………………………………张受涛,文尚武,周志泳,等(11)抗海蛇毒血清用于海蛇咬伤早期急救与监护的实验研究…………………………………………………………厉瑛,张黎明,桂莉,等(15)降纤酶治疗慢性肺…     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.